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Li L, Lv S, Li X, Liu J. Wnt-induced secreted proteins-1 play an important role in paraquat-induced pulmonary fibrosis. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:21. [PMID: 35387687 PMCID: PMC8988378 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this article is to observe the expression of Wnt-induced secreted proteins-1 (WISP1) in paraquat (PQ)-induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) to explore the role of WISP1. Methods Healthy individuals were included in the control group. Patients who had acute lung injury or PF were included in the PF group. Venous blood samples were collected from the patients on days 1 and 3 following PQ poisoning to detect the expression levels of the WISP1 gene and protein concentration. Any changes in the patients’ blood gas analysis index were reviewed. In addition, chest computed tomography (CT) and x-ray images were observed to evaluate the relationship between WISP1 expression and disease severity. Results The expression of the WISP1 gene and the serum WISP1 protein concentration were higher in patients with PQ poisoning combined with PF than in patients without PF (P < 0.01). Serum PQ concentration was positively correlated with WISP1 gene expression (r = 0.621, P < 0.01), and serum WISP1 protein concentration (r = 0.596, P < 0.01) was considered a risk factor [odds ratio (OR) = 4.356, P < 0.05] for PQ-induced PF. Concurrently, the results of the adjusted and non-adjusted OR value for WISP1 gene expression and WISP1 protein concentration on day 1 was, respectively, as follows: OR = 12.797, 95% confidence interval (CI) (2.478–66.076), P = 0.002, OR’ = 11.353, P = 0.005; and OR = 1.545, 95% CI (1.197–1.995), P = 0.001, OR’ = 1.487, P = 0.003. The CT scan of a 20-year-old male with PQ-induced PF (20 ml) was observed, and it showed a typical hyaline-like lesion in the lungs on day 22 after poisoning; on day 33 after poisoning, the lungs showed localised consolidation combined with air bronchography. Conclusion The expression of WISP1 was higher in the patients with PQ-induced PF compared with the patients without PF. Accordingly, WISP1 plays an important role in PQ-induced PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanrong Li
- Emergency Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Shengnan Lv
- Outpatient Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Outpatient Department, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Jingyan Liu
- Emergency Department, Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, No. 53 of Aixin Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, 518115, Guangdong Province, China.
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Gao YX, Wang YB, Wan YD, Sun TW, Li Y, Hou LL, Sun P, Yuan D, Duan GY, Sun CH, Che L, Zhang Y. Immunosuppressive drugs to reduce the mortality rate in patients with moderate to severe paraquat poisoning: A Meta-analysis. J Toxicol Sci 2020; 45:163-175. [PMID: 32147639 DOI: 10.2131/jts.45.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The benefits and adverse effects of immunosuppressive drugs (ISDs) in patients with paraquat (PQ) poisoning have not been thoroughly assessed. This meta-analysis study aims to evaluate the effect of ISDs in patients with moderate to severe PQ poisoning. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Ovid Medline, CNKI and Wanfang Data from inception to January 2019. The Mantel-Haenszel method with a random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) as described by DerSimonian and Laird. An L'Abbé plot was drawn to explore the relationship between the degree of poisoning and mortality. Four randomized controlled trials, two prospective and seven retrospective studies were identified. ISDs were significantly associated with reduced mortality (RR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.58-0.99) and the incidence rate of multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (RR 0.63; 95% CI, 0.48-0.83) in patients with moderate to severe PQ poisoning. They were not associated with an increased incidence rate of hepatitis and reduced incidence rate of acute renal failure and hypoxia. The L'Abbé plot results showed a slight increase in mortality rate in the ISD group with increased mortality in the placebo group. This indicates a possible advantage of ISDs in most of the patients with severe PQ poisoning. These findings suggest that ISDs may reduce the mortality and incidence rate of MODS in moderate to severe PQ poisoning patients, and severe PQ poisoning patients might benefit more from ISDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Gao
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yi-Bo Wang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - You-Dong Wan
- Emergency ICU, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, China
| | - Tong-Wen Sun
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yi Li
- Emergency Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, China
| | - Lin-Lin Hou
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Pei Sun
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Guo-Yu Duan
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Chang-Hua Sun
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Lu Che
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
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Yao J, Zhang J, Tai W, Deng S, Li T, Wu W, Pu L, Fan D, Lei W, Zhang T, Dong Z. High-Dose Paraquat Induces Human Bronchial 16HBE Cell Death and Aggravates Acute Lung Intoxication in Mice by Regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 Signal Pathway. Inflammation 2019; 42:471-484. [PMID: 30734183 PMCID: PMC6449493 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-00956-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Paraquat (PQ) intoxication seriously endangers human beings’ health, however, the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here we found that PQ inhibits human bronchial 16HBE cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis, necrosis as well as ROS generation in a dose dependent manner. Of note, low-dose PQ (50 μM) induces cell autophagy, increases Nrf2 as well as p65 levels and has little impacts on Keap1, while high-dose PQ (500 μM) inhibits autophagy, upregulates Keap1 as well as downregulates p65 and Nrf2. In addition, we verified that p65 overexpression increases Nrf2 and its downstream targets in 16HBE cells, which are reversed by synergistically knocking down Nrf2. Our further results showed that high-dose PQ’s effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, ROS levels and autophagy are reversed by p65 overexpression. Besides, the protective effects of overexpressed p65 on high-dose PQ (500 μM) treated 16HBE cells are abrogated by synergistically knocking down Nrf2. In vivo experiments also showed that high-dose PQ promotes inflammatory cytokines secretion, lung fibrosis and cell apoptosis, inhibits cell proliferation in mice models by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway. Therefore, we concluded that high-dose PQ (500 μM) inhibits 16HBE cell proliferation and autophagy, promotes cell death and mice lung fibrosis by regulating Keap1/p65/Nrf2 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiexiong Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine Ward 5, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510507, People's Republic of China
| | - Jihua Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The People Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, China
| | - Wenlin Tai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yunnan Molecular Diagnostic Center, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuhao Deng
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenjuan Wu
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Lin Pu
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Du Fan
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhaoxing Dong
- Department of Respiratory, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Dianmian Road 374, Kunming, 650101, Yunnan, China.
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Wei TY, Yen TH, Cheng CM. Point-of-care testing in the early diagnosis of acute pesticide intoxication: The example of paraquat. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:011501. [PMID: 29430271 PMCID: PMC5775096 DOI: 10.1063/1.5003848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Acute pesticide intoxication is a common method of suicide globally. This article reviews current diagnostic methods and makes suggestions for future development. In the case of paraquat intoxication, it is characterized by multi-organ failure, causing substantial mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis may save the life of a paraquat intoxication patient. Conventional paraquat intoxication diagnostic methods, such as symptom review and urine sodium dithionite assay, are time-consuming and impractical in resource-scarce areas where most intoxication cases occur. Several experimental and clinical studies have shown the potential of portable Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), paper-based devices, and machine learning for paraquat intoxication diagnosis. Portable SERS and new SERS substrates maintain the sensitivity of SERS while being less costly and more convenient than conventional SERS. Paper-based devices provide the advantages of price and portability. Machine learning algorithms can be implemented as a mobile phone application and facilitate diagnosis in resource-limited areas. Although these methods have not yet met all features of an ideal diagnostic method, the combination and development of these methods offer much promise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Yen Wei
- Interdisciplinary Program of Life Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Hai Yen
- Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Kidney Research Center, Center for Tissue Engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Linkou 333, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
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Charão MF, Souto C, Brucker N, Barth A, Jornada DS, Fagundez D, Ávila DS, Eifler-Lima VL, Guterres SS, Pohlmann AR, Garcia SC. Caenorhabditis elegans as an alternative in vivo model to determine oral uptake, nanotoxicity, and efficacy of melatonin-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules on paraquat damage. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:5093-106. [PMID: 26300641 PMCID: PMC4536844 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s84909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caenorhabditis elegans is an alternative in vivo model that is being successfully used to assess the pharmacological and toxic effects of drugs. The exponential growth of nanotechnology requires the use of alternative in vivo models to assess the toxic effects of theses nanomaterials. The use of polymeric nanocapsules has shown promising results for drug delivery. Moreover, these formulations have not been used in cases of intoxication, such as in treatment of paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Thus, the use of drugs with properties improved by nanotechnology is a promising approach to overcome the toxic effects of PQ. This research aimed to evaluate the absorption of rhodamine B-labeled melatonin (Mel)-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) by C. elegans, the application of this model in nanotoxicology, and the protection of Mel-LNC against PQ damage. The formulations were prepared by self-assembly and characterized by particle sizing, zeta potential, drug content, and encapsulation efficiency. The results demonstrated that the formulations had narrow size distributions. Rhodamine B-labeled Mel-LNC were orally absorbed and distributed in the worms. The toxicity assessment of LNC showed a lethal dose 50% near the highest dose tested, indicating low toxicity of the nanocapsules. Moreover, pretreatment with Mel-LNC significantly increased the survival rate, reduced the reactive oxygen species, and maintained the development in C. elegans exposed to PQ compared to those worms that were either untreated or pretreated with free Mel. These results demonstrated for the first time the uptake and distribution of Mel-LNC by a nematode, and indicate that while LNC is not toxic, Mel-LNC prevents the effects of PQ poisoning. Thus, C. elegans may be an interesting alternative model to test the nanocapsules toxicity and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariele Feiffer Charão
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline Souto
- Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Brucker
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Anelise Barth
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Denise S Jornada
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Department of Production and Control of Drugs, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiandra Fagundez
- Research Group in Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCE), Federal University of Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Daiana Silva Ávila
- Research Group in Biochemistry and Toxicology in Caenorhabditis elegans (GBToxCE), Federal University of Pampa - UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil
| | - Vera L Eifler-Lima
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Laboratory of Medical Synthesis Organic (LaSOM), Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Silvia S Guterres
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Department of Production and Control of Drugs, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana R Pohlmann
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Department of Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Solange Cristina Garcia
- Post-Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil ; Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Department of Analysis, Pharmacy Faculty, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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