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Altom FM, Bedair GY, Eysawi EA, Hammoudah DK, Khoja LA, Yaseen RA, Sabooni GM, Al Qahtani ZA. Evaluation of the Cytological Changes of the Oral Mucosa Among Smokers in Al Madinah Al Munawara Using Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Region (AgNOR) Counts and Papanicolaus Stain. Cureus 2023; 15:e39367. [PMID: 37362451 PMCID: PMC10285572 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the cytological changes of the oral mucosa among smokers using Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) counts and Papanicolaou (Pap) staining. Methodology The oral mucosal exfoliate smears of 500 individuals (200 nonsmokers and 300 smokers) aged between 18 and 80 years were prepared in Al Madinah. The AgNOR count and Pap stain were used to generate a cytogenic smear to assess the presence of cytological changes suggestive of atypia, inflammation, dysplasia, keratinization, and proliferative activity of epithelial cells. Results Smokers have a considerably higher number of AgNORs per nucleus than nonsmokers (1.99 3.53 vs. 0.42 1.22). There were inflammatory changes in 127 (42.3%) of the cases and 40 (20%) of the controls. Multinucleated cells and atypia were found in 33 (11%) and 14 (4.5%) of the cases but not in the controls. The results indicate higher proliferative activity in smoking patients compared to nonsmoking patients, even in the absence of clinical lesions. Conclusion To detect the effects of smoking on the oral mucosa, Pap staining alone is insufficient. Combining Pap staining with the AgNOR technique produces the desired results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris M Altom
- College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, SAU
| | | | - Eman A Eysawi
- College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, SAU
| | | | - Lina A Khoja
- College of Medicine, Al-Rayan Colleges, Madinah, SAU
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Identification of Possible Salivary Metabolic Biomarkers and Altered Metabolic Pathways in South American Patients Diagnosed with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11100650. [PMID: 34677365 PMCID: PMC8537096 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11100650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) represents 90% of oral malignant neoplasms. The search for specific biomarkers for OSCC is a very active field of research contributing to establishing early diagnostic methods and unraveling underlying pathogenic mechanisms. In this work we investigated the salivary metabolites and the metabolic pathways of OSCC aiming find possible biomarkers. Salivary metabolites samples from 27 OSCC patients and 41 control individuals were compared through a gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) technique. Our results allowed identification of pathways of the malate-aspartate shuttle, the beta-alanine metabolism, and the Warburg effect. The possible salivary biomarkers were identified using the area under receiver-operating curve (AUC) criterion. Twenty-four metabolites were identified with AUC > 0.8. Using the threshold of AUC = 0.9 we find malic acid, maltose, protocatechuic acid, lactose, 2-ketoadipic, and catechol metabolites expressed. We notice that this is the first report of salivary metabolome in South American oral cancer patients, to the best of our knowledge. Our findings regarding these metabolic changes are important in discovering salivary biomarkers of OSCC patients. However, additional work needs to be performed considering larger populations to validate our results.
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Vyas T, Verma P, Abidullah M, Kushwaha SS, Sahoo PK, Priyadarshini SR, Subudhi SK, Rana V. Quantitative analysis of AgNOR counts and pap stain in exfoliative cytology specimens of oral mucosa in bidi smokers and nonsmokers. Ann Afr Med 2019; 17:210-214. [PMID: 30588935 PMCID: PMC6330784 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_69_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Bidi smoking is a serious health hazard which is common throughout South Asia and parts of the Middle East. It has been strongly implicated to various benign and malignant lesions of oral cavity and oropharynx. These tobacco-filled leaves deliver more than three times the amount of nicotine, carbon monoxide, and tar as cigarettes which exert injurious effects on cells reflected in terms of accelerated proliferative activity in normal oral mucosal cells. Aim: This study aimed to compare the exfoliated cells from the oral mucosa of bidi smokers and nonsmokers, with emphasis on proliferative activity. Materials and Methods: Exfoliative smears were obtained from the oral mucosa of forty participants (twenty nonsmokers and twenty smokers) with age group ranging from 30-80 years, in and around Barwala (Haryana). The cytologic smears were evaluated using Papanicolaou (PAP) stain and AgNOR in order to evaluate the presence of cytological alterations suggestive of inflammation, dysplasia, keratinization, and proliferative activity of epithelial cells. Only PAP Class I and Class II smears were observed. Results: Comparison of the mean number of AgNORs showed a significant difference between nonsmokers and smokers. Inflammatory alterations were found in 70% of smokers and 55% of nonsmokers. A significant difference in proliferative activity was observed between smokers and nonsmokers classified as PAP Class II. Conclusion: A significant difference of AgNORs/nucleus was observed between bidi smokers and nonsmokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Vyas
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, RR Dental College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Parul Verma
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, IDS Sehora, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohammed Abidullah
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, SB Patil Dental College and Hospital, Bider, Karnataka, India
| | - Sandhya Singh Kushwaha
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pradyumna Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Smita R Priyadarshini
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Subudhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dental Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Vivek Rana
- Private Practitioner, Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Jairajpuri ZS, Rana S, Hajela A, Jetley S. Toward early diagnosis of oral cancer: Diagnostic utility of cytomorphological features, a pilot study. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2019; 10:20-26. [PMID: 31205384 PMCID: PMC6563646 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_12_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Early detection of oral cancer is one of the most efficient ways to reduce the high mortality from this disease because of the ready accessibility of the oral cavity. We need to devise urgent diagnostic tools to detect early oral premalignant and malignant lesions. Aim: The aim of the present study was to grade the oral lesions in an attempt toward developing a novel cytological grading system. Further, morphometric analysis of cellular parameters was also performed to compare their significance in differentiating benign from malignant lesions. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital catering to the low socioeconomic population. Patients presenting in the various Out Patient Departments with suspicious oral lesions were evaluated by cytology in the Department of Pathology. Results: A total of 72 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 43.54 ± 10.35 years. The involvement of the buccal mucosa was the most common site of oral lesions. Cytologically, the lesions were graded according to the oral/oro-pharyngeal cytology grading system into grades A to F. Cyto-morphometric analysis showed an increasing trend in mean nuclear diameter from benign to malignant cases while the mean cytoplasmic diameter decreased, value of P < 0.05 was observed indicating a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions: Cytological features of pleomorphism are a unique feature in oral carcinoma reflecting intracellular alterations in cells. Grading of lesions according to cytological characteristics can be helpful in standardizing the reporting of the oral lesion. However, our study was restricted by limited data; we emphasize more extensive studies to assess the usefulness and applicability of such a grading system. We also conclude that the use of cytomorphometry can improve the diagnostic reliability of exfoliative cytology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeba Shamim Jairajpuri
- Departments of Pathology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Safia Rana
- Departments of Pathology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Apoorva Hajela
- Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujata Jetley
- Departments of Pathology, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
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Mhaske SP, Pattanshetti K, Jagtap K, Debta P, Misurya AL, Patel JH. Comparative Study using Papanicolaou Stain and Silver-stained Nucleolar Organizer Region Counts in Exfoliative Smear of Oral Mucosa in Bidi Smokers and Nonsmokers. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2018; 8:365-370. [PMID: 30123772 PMCID: PMC6071356 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_65_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the proliferative activity of exfoliated cells in bidi smoker's and nonsmoker's oral mucosa. Materials and Methods: The oral mucosal exfoliate smears were prepared from 40 individuals (20 nonsmokers and 20 smokers) with the age group ranging from 25 to 70 years, in and around Akola (Maharashtra). The Papanicolaou (PAP) stain and silver-stained nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) were used to prepare cytogenic smear to evaluate the presence of cytological alterations, suggestive of inflammation, dysplasia, keratinization, and proliferative activity of epithelial cells. The present study involves PAP Class I and Class II smears. The obtained data were tabulated and statistically analyzed using statistical software IBM SPSS IBM Corp., Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp., and using t-test. Results: There was a significant difference in mean number of AgNORs/nucleus between nonsmokers (0.947 ± 0.2533) and smokers (3.021 ± 0.2256). There were 90% inflammatory changes observed in smokers whereas nonsmokers showed only 75% changes. PAP Class II changes, i.e., significant proliferative activity, were found between smokers and nonsmokers mucosa. Conclusion: A significant difference of AgNORs/nucleus was found between nonsmokers and smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirti Pattanshetti
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Maitri College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Kiran Jagtap
- Department of Oral Pathology, SMBT Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Nashik, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka Debta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Institute Dental Sciences, SOA (Deemed to Be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Archana Lanje Misurya
- Department of Oral Pathology, Maharana Pratap College of Dentistry and Research Centre, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Lima CF, Alves MGO, Carvalho BFDC, de Lima TA, Coutinho-Camillo CM, Soares FA, Scholz J, Almeida JD. Is DNA ploidy related to smoking? J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:961-966. [PMID: 28730665 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the oral cavity, genomic instability is caused by long-term exposure to carcinogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between smoking and DNA ploidy. METHODS Cytological material was obtained from patients participating in the Outpatient Smoking Treatment Program of the Heart Institute (INCOR-HCFMUSP), and of the Discipline of Oral Medicine (ICT-UNESP). The inclusion criteria for all groups were the absence of a history of malignant tumors, absence of clinical signs of changes in the selected area, and alcohol consumption of less than 3 units per week. Group 1:30 smokers before smoking cessation treatment; Group 2:30 non-smokers; Group 3:30 ex-smokers abstinent for at least 1 year. Cytological smears were collected from the floor of the mouth and border of the tongue and stained by Feulgen. Aneuploidy was evaluated using the ACIS® III system. RESULTS The Kruskal-Wallis test showed no statistically significant difference (P = .4383) between the groups studied. No association between tobacco consumption and aneuploidy was observed in group 1 (P = 1) or group 2 (P = .68; Fisher's exact test). CONCLUSION Smoking was not associated with changes in DNA content or the incidence of aneuploidy in normal oral mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina Faig Lima
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Braz Cubas, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil.,Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
- School of Dentistry, Universidade Braz Cubas, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil.,Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fernandes do Carmo Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaynara Alves de Lima
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jaqueline Scholz
- Medical School, Outpatient Program for the Treatment of Smoking, Heart Institute São Paulo, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Alves MGO, Carta CFL, de Barros PP, Issa JS, Nunes FD, Almeida JD. Repair genes expression profile of MLH1, MSH2 and ATM in the normal oral mucosa of chronic smokers. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 73:60-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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8
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Lima CF, Alves MGO, Furtado JJD, Marcucci M, Balducci I, Almeida JD. Effect of HIV infection in the micronuclei frequency on the oral mucosa. J Oral Pathol Med 2016; 46:644-648. [PMID: 27873361 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The genotoxic impact of HIV infection on the oral cavity malignancies is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HIV infection in micronucleus (MN) frequency on the oral mucosa of HIV+ patients and establish a relationship with early cytogenetic changes in oral carcinogenesis. METHODS Thirty HIV+ individuals who are under highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and 30 non-HIV patients were evaluated. Two smears were taken from the lateral border of the tongue and mouth floor and stained by Feulgen. The frequency of MN was examined in 3000 cells per subject under common microscopy. RESULTS MN analysis showed no significant difference between groups by Mann-Whitney U-test for total MNs (P = 0.178). The presence of single MN was greater in control group with statistical significance (P = 0.009), while in HIV group, multiple MNs were exhibited in higher mean. CONCLUSIONS HIV patients under HAART therapy and low viral load values showed higher frequency of multiple MNs, which, although not statistically significant, may be caused by the action of the Vpr gene, an accessory gene of HIV. These results corroborate the theory of HIV infection cytogenetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcelo Marcucci
- Department of Stomatology, Heliopolis Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivan Balducci
- Department of Social and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Institute of Science and Technology, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil
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9
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Alves MGO, Pérez-Sayáns M, Padín-Iruegas ME, Reboiras-López MD, Suarez-Peńaranda JM, López-López R, Carta CFL, Issa JS, García-García A, Almeida JD. Comparison of RNA Extraction Methods for Molecular Analysis of Oral Cytology. Acta Stomatol Croat 2016; 50:108-115. [PMID: 27789907 DOI: 10.15644/asc50/2/2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE OF WORK The aim of this study was to compare three methods of RNA extraction for molecular analysis of oral cytology to establish the best technique, considering its concentration and purity for molecular tests of oral lesions such as real-time reverse transcriptase reaction. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample included exfoliative cytology from the oral cavity mucosa of patients with no visible clinical changes, using Orcellex Rovers Brush®. The extraction of total RNA was performed using the following three techniques: 30 samples were extracted by Trizol® technique, 30 by the Direct-zolTM RNA Miniprep system and 30 by the RNeasy mini Kit. The absorbance was measured by spectrophotometer to estimate the purity. The estimated RNA concentration was obtained by multiplying the value of A260 (ng/mL) by 40. Statistical analysis of the obtained data was performed using GraphPad Prism 5.03 software with Student t, analysis of variance and Bonferroni tests, considering p ≤0.05. RESULTS Trizol® group revealed higher average concentration, followed by Direct-zolTM and Rneasy group. It was observed that the RNA Direct-zolTM group had the highest purity, followed by RNeasy and Trizol® groups, allowing for the two ratios. CONCLUSION Considering all aspects, concentration, purity and time spent in the procedures, the Direct-zolTM group showed the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mônica Ghislaine Oliveira Alves
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Săo José dos Campos, Săo Paulo, Brazil.; School of Dentistry, Universidade Braz Cubas, Mogi das Cruzes, Brazil
| | - Mario Pérez-Sayáns
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Maria-Elena Padín-Iruegas
- Human Anatomy and Embriology Area; Functional Biology and Health Sciences Department. University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Reboiras-López
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Manuel Suarez-Peńaranda
- Department of Pathology, Forensic Sciences, University Hospital and School of Medicine of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruńa Spain
| | - Rafael López-López
- Department of Medical Oncology Hospital Clinico Universitario of Santiago de Compostela, La Coruńa, Spain
| | - Celina Faig Lima Carta
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Săo José dos Campos, Săo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Scholz Issa
- Smoking Cessation Program, Area of Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of Săo Paulo, School of Medicine, Hospital das Clínicas, Săo Paulo, Brazil
| | - Abel García-García
- Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery and Implantology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Janete Dias Almeida
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Săo José dos Campos, Săo Paulo, Brazil
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Murgod S, Channabasaviah GH, Shivamurthy DM, Ashok L, Krishnappa SJ. Prognostic potential of AgNORs in oral submucous fibrosis. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 6:167-75. [PMID: 27114958 PMCID: PMC4820578 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.178746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim and Objective: The role of prognosis cannot be stressed enough, especially when it comes to potentially malignant lesions. The argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs), which is simple and cost-effective has been used in diagnostic and prognostic pathologies. This study seeks to identify the nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), to correlate the AgNOR count with the histologic grade of OSMF, and to evaluate the prognostic potential of AgNOR. Materials and Methods: The sample size consisted of archival paraffin blocks of 35 cases of varying grades of OSMF and 10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma. Normal mucosa samples served as controls for the study. AgNOR staining in accordance with the method of Smith and Crocker was performed and Student's t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed an increase in AgNOR counts with corresponding grades of OSMF, the count being least in normal mucosa and also an increase in AgNOR count with corresponding decrease in differentiation of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: AgNOR staining is a rapid and inexpensive procedure representing cellular proliferation that can be used to assess the nature of the lesion and therefore, the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Murgod
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Lingappa Ashok
- Department of Oral Pathology, Rajarajeswari Dental College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Tasdemir S, Eroz R, Dogan H, Erdem HB, Sahin I, Kara M, Engin RI, Turkez H. Association Between Human Hair Loss and the Expression Levels of Nucleolin, Nucleophosmin, and UBTF Genes. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:197-202. [PMID: 26866305 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2015.0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Nucleolar organizer regions, also known as argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions, are associated with ribosomal genes. The main function of the nucleolus is the rapid production of ribosomal subunits, a process that must be highly regulated to provide the appropriate levels for cellular proliferation and cell growth. There are no studies in the literature addressing the expression and function of nucleolar component proteins, including nucleophosmin, nucleolin and the upstream binding transcription factor (UBTF), in human follicular hair cells. METHODS Nineteen healthy males who had normal and sufficient hair follicles on the back of the head, but exhibited hair loss on the frontal/vertex portions of the head and 14 healthy males without hair loss were included in the current study. Gene expression levels were measured by relative quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS In the individuals suffering from alopecia, the total expression levels of nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and UBTF were lower in normal sites than in hair loss sites. Strong expression level correlations were detected between: nucleophosmin and nucleolin; nucleophosmin and UBTF, and nucleolin and UBTF for both groups. CONCLUSIONS There was an association between human hair loss and the expression levels of nucleolin, nucleophosmin, and UBTF genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sener Tasdemir
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Recep Eroz
- 2 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Duzce University , Duzce, Turkey
| | - Hasan Dogan
- 3 Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Haktan Bagis Erdem
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Sahin
- 1 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Murat Kara
- 4 Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocaman University , Mugla, Turkey
| | - Ragip Ismail Engin
- 5 Department of Dermatology, Regional Training and Research Hospital , Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Turkez
- 6 Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University , Erzurum, Turkey
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12
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Oliveira Alves MG, Carta CFL, Padín-Iruegas ME, Pérez-Sayáns M, Suarez-Peñaranda JM, Issa JS, García-García A, Almeida JD. Expression of ATP6V1C1 during oral carcinogenesis. Biotech Histochem 2016; 91:263-8. [DOI: 10.3109/10520295.2016.1144078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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13
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Nivia M, Sunil SN, Rathy R, Anilkumar TV. Comparative cytomorphometric analysis of oral mucosal cells in normal, tobacco users, oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Cytol 2016; 32:253-60. [PMID: 26811574 PMCID: PMC4707788 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.171241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the third most common cause of oral morbidity in India despite the numerous advances made in the treatment protocol. Aim: To compare the cytomorphometric changes of oral mucosal cells in normal subjects (Group I) with that of tobacco users without any lesion (Group II), tobacco users with oral leukoplakia (Group III), and tobacco users with oral SCC (Group IV) through a semi-automated image analysis system. Materials and Methods: Oral mucosal cells collected from study subjects (n = 100) stained using rapid Papanicolaou stain. Photomicrograph of 50 nonoverlapping cells captured at 50× magnification with a digital image capture system. Cytomorphometric analysis of cells in the captured images was performed with Image-Pro image analysis software. Image analysis was performed to obtain cell diameter (CD), cytoplasmic area (CyA), nuclear diameter (ND), nuclear area (NA), and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. These values were statistically compared among the groups using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: The ND, NA, and nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio values were found to be increased in the samples collected from leukoplakia and oral SCC. The CD and CyA decreased compared to the normal mucosa in oral SCC samples. Conclusion: The cytomorphometric changes observed in samples from oral SCC and oral leukoplakia were consistent with the current diagnostic features. Hence, the semi-automated cytomorphometric analysis of oral mucosal cells can be used as an objective adjunct diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahadoon Nivia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Sukumaran Nair Sunil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Pushpagiri College of Dental Sciences, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Ravindran Rathy
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Azeezia College of Dental Sciences and Research, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
| | - Thapasimuthu Vijayamma Anilkumar
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Division of Experimental Pathology, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, Kerala, India
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14
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Preethi S, Sivapathasundharam B. Will modified Papanicolaou stain be the new stain for keratin? J Histotechnol 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/2046023614y.0000000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Chaiben CL, Fernandes Â, Martins MC, Machado MÂN, Brancher JA, de Lima AAS. Disorders of taste function in crack cocaine addicts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ppotor.2013.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Paraizo JU, Rech IAV, Azevedo-Alanis LR, Pianovski MAD, De Lima AAS, Machado MÂN. Cytomorphometric and cytomorphologic analysis of oral mucosa in children with sickle cell anemia. J Cytol 2013; 30:104-8. [PMID: 23833399 PMCID: PMC3701333 DOI: 10.4103/0970-9371.112652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, characterized by chronic hemolytic anemia, episodic painful crises, and pathologic involvement of many organs, consequence of vaso occlusive phenomenon and vasculopathy. Several forms of the chronic anemia, consequence of hemolysis, can be associated with oral epithelial cells changes. Exfoliative cytology can be used to detect real changes in the oral mucosa in SCA. Aims: To evaluate morphometric and morphological changes in oral epithelial cells by exfoliative cytology in children with SCA. Materials and Methods: Oral smears were collected from clinically normal-appearing mucosa by liquid-based exfoliative cytology in 20 SCA children (SCA group) and 20 healthy children (C group), matched for age and gender. The slides were prepared and stained by the Papanicolaou technique. Cell morphology and cellularity were analyzed and compared by Chi-square test (P < 0.05). Images of 50 cells per slide were captured and the nuclear area (NA) and cytoplasmic area (CA) were analyzed using an image analysis system. The nucleus-to-cytoplasmic area ratio (NA/CA) was calculated. To compare the means of groups SCA and C, the Student's t-test (P < 0.05) was applied to NA and CA; test non-parametric Mann Whitney U (P < 0.05) was used to compare NA/CA. Results: Mean values for SCA and C groups were: NA (69.38 and 59.63 μm²; P = 0.01); CA (2321.85 and 2185.60 μm²; P = 0.24); NA/CA (0.03 and 0.02; P = 0.13), respectively. A significant increase in NA for SCA group (P = 0.01) was seen. No morphological differences were found between the groups. There was a predominance of nucleated cells of the superficial layer in the smears of both groups. Class I smears were predominant in both groups. Conclusions: This study revealed that SCA was able to induce significant changes on nuclear area of the oral epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Umetsu Paraizo
- Department of Dentistry, Biological and Health Sciences Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Paraná, Curitiba/PR, Brazil
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Souto GR, Caliari MV, Lins CEC, De Aguiar MCF, De Abreu MHNG, Mesquita RA. Tobacco use increase the number of aneuploid nuclei in the clinically healthy oral epithelium. J Oral Pathol Med 2010; 39:605-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2010.00907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bertini F, Costa NCS, Brandão AAH, Cavalcante ASR, Almeida JD. Ulceration of the oral mucosa induced by antidepressant medication: a case report. J Med Case Rep 2009; 3:98. [PMID: 19946515 PMCID: PMC2783098 DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-3-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Ulcers are frequent lesions of the oral mucosa. Generally, they are circumscribed round or elliptical lesions surrounded by an erythematous halo and covered with an inflammatory exudate in their central portion, and are accompanied by painful symptoms. Oral ulcers affect 20% of the population, especially adolescents and young adults. The etiopathogenesis includes immunological alterations, infections, nutritional deficiency, trauma, food and contact allergies, autoimmune diseases, neoplasms, and psychosomatic, genetic and environmental factors. Case presentation A 78-year-old Caucasian woman was referred by her dentist to our outpatient clinic with a 4-week history of an oral ulceration after using an antidepressant (sertraline hydrochloride). On the basis of the clinical findings and anamnesis, the occurrence of the lesion was attributed to the use of the drug. Exfoliative cytology was performed, to reassure the patient that it was not oral cancer, which revealed the presence of a nonspecific inflammatory reaction. The drug was replaced and resolution of symptoms was observed. Conclusion Exfoliative cytology should be the complementary examination of choice in cases of oral ulcers with a suspicion of drug interaction. Although this is a rare event in dental practice, dentists should be aware of the diagnostic possibility of drug-induced ulcers and should cooperate with the clinician to adjust the prescribed medication to resolve the symptoms.
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