1
|
Huang J, Keung VMW, Cheung CKM, Lo ASC, Chan SC, Pang WS, Mui LWH, Lee A, Wong MCS. Factors associated with mental health among Hong Kong children: A population-based study of 4884 individuals. Child Care Health Dev 2024; 50:e13196. [PMID: 37965880 DOI: 10.1111/cch.13196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between negative mental health conditions and demographic characteristics, socioeconomic background and health-related parameters in both Hong Kong's primary and secondary school students. METHODS A self-administrated survey was conducted and investigated the prevalence of negative mental health conditions (psychological stress, depression and suicidality) in students from 30 primary schools and 25 secondary schools in Hong Kong in 2017. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) was chosen as the instrument to evaluate non-specific psychological distress. Depression was evaluated using the prolonged feeling of despair as a proxy. Suicidality was measured by four questions on whether they had ever intentionally injured themselves, seriously considered attempting suicide, planned how they would attempt suicide and had attempted suicide. Multiple logistic regression models examined the explanatory factors' association with mental health conditions after adjusting for confounding, using the enter method. RESULTS A total of 4884 responses were collected. It is found that both very high and low parent expectations were risk factors for multiple conditions, namely suicidality and psychological distress among primary school students, and psychological distress among secondary school students. As for primary school students, the experience of being bullied was a significant risk factor for all conditions. A significant association was found between having one's own bedroom and suicidality amongst primary school students; whilst having three close friends or more and higher life satisfaction levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of negative mental health conditions among secondary school students. CONCLUSIONS It was found that having one's own bedroom was a risk factor for suicidality among primary school student. Parents should be alert to the risky behaviours of children, have more involvement in children's daily life and build a supportive and caring family environment for children. For secondary school students, as the importance of friends is greatly increased, teachers should encourage students to engage in extra-curricular activities in school.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Huang
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Vera M W Keung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Calvin K M Cheung
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Amelia S C Lo
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Sze Chai Chan
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Wing Sze Pang
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Lancelot W H Mui
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Martin C S Wong
- Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
- The School of Public health, Peking University, Beijing, China
- The School of Public Health, The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and The Peking Union Medical Colleges, Beijing, China
- The School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bignardi G, Dalmaijer ES, Astle DE. Testing the specificity of environmental risk factors for developmental outcomes. Child Dev 2022; 93:e282-e298. [PMID: 34936096 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Developmental theories often assume that specific environmental risks affect specific outcomes. Canonical Correlation Analysis was used to test whether 28 developmental outcomes (measured at 11-15 years) share the same early environmental risk factors (measured at 0-3 years), or whether specific outcomes are associated with specific risks. We used data from the UK Millennium Cohort Study (N = 10,376, 51% Female, 84% White) collected between 2001 and 2016. A single environment component was mostly sufficient for explaining cognition and parent-rated behavior outcomes. In contrast, adolescents' alcohol and tobacco use were specifically associated with their parents', and child-rated mental health was weakly associated with all risks. These findings suggest that with some exceptions, many different developmental outcomes share the same early environmental risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Bignardi
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edwin S Dalmaijer
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Duncan E Astle
- MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Achtziger A. Overspending, Debt, and Poverty. Curr Opin Psychol 2022; 46:101342. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2022.101342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|