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Sourvanos D, Sun H, Zhu TC, Dimofte A, Byrd B, Busch TM, Cengel KA, Neiva R, Fiorellini JP. Three-dimensional printing of the human lung pleural cavity model for PDT malignant mesothelioma. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104014. [PMID: 38346466 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary aim was to investigate emerging 3D printing and optical acquisition technologies to refine and enhance photodynamic therapy (PDT) dosimetry in the management of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). MATERIALS AND METHODS A rigorous digital reconstruction of the pleural lung cavity was conducted utilizing 3D printing and optical scanning methodologies. These reconstructions were systematically assessed against CT-derived data to ascertain their accuracy in representing critical anatomic features and post-resection topographical variations. RESULTS The resulting reconstructions excelled in their anatomical precision, proving instrumental translation for precise dosimetry calculations for PDT. Validation against CT data confirmed the utility of these models not only for enhancing therapeutic planning but also as critical tools for educational and calibration purposes. CONCLUSION The research outlined a successful protocol for the precise calculation of light distribution within the complex environment of the pleural cavity, marking a substantive advance in the application of PDT for MPM. This work holds significant promise for individualizing patient care, minimizing collateral radiation exposure, and improving the overall efficiency of MPM treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Sourvanos
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA; Center for Innovation and Precision Dentistry (CiPD), School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
| | - Hongjing Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Timothy C Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Andreea Dimofte
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Brook Byrd
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Theresa M Busch
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Keith A Cengel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Neiva
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
| | - Joseph P Fiorellini
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA
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Photodynamic Evaluation of Triazine Appended Porphyrins as Anti-Leishmanial and Anti-tumor Agents. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.115711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Mazzilli MRF, Ambrósio JAR, da Silva Godoy D, da Silva Abreu A, Carvalho JA, Junior MB, Simioni AR. Polyelectrolytic BSA nanoparticles containing silicon dihydroxide phthalocyanine as a promising candidate for drug delivery systems for anticancer photodynamic therapy. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2020; 31:1457-1474. [PMID: 32326844 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2020.1760702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently several scientific-technological advances in the health area have developed. Among them, we can highlight research addressing nanoscience and nanotechnology focusing on the development of formulations for the cancer treatment. This work describes the synthesis and characterization of bovine serum albumin (BSA) polyelectrolytic nanoparticles for controlled release using silicon dihydroxide phthalocyanine [SiPc (OH)2] as a photosensitizer model for application in Photodynamic Therapy (PDT). BSA nanoparticles were prepared by the one-step desolvation process and the nanoparticulate system was coated with polyelectrolytes using poly-(4-styrene sulfonate - PSS) as a strong polyanion and polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) as a weak polycation by the technique self-assembling layer-by-layer (LbL). The formulation was characterized and available in cellular culture. The profile of drug release was investigated and compared to that of free [SiPc (OH)2]. The nanoparticles have a mean diameter of 226.9 nm, a narrow size distribution with polydispersive index of 0.153, smooth surface and spherical shape. [SiPc(OH)2] loaded nanoparticles maintain its photophysical behaviour after encapsulation. The polyelectrolytic nanoparticles improved efficiency in release and photocytotoxicity assay when compared to pure drug. The results demonstrate that photosensitizer adsorption on BSA nanoparticles together with biopolymer layer-by-layer assembly provides a way to manufacture biocompatible nanostructured materials that are intended for use as biomaterials for Photodynamic Therapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Ribeiro Farah Mazzilli
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Research and Development Institute - IPD, Vale do Paraíba University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | | | - Daniele da Silva Godoy
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Research and Development Institute - IPD, Vale do Paraíba University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Alexandro da Silva Abreu
- Departament of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering- Photobiology and Photomedicine (CNET), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Janicy Arantes Carvalho
- Departament of Chemistry, Center of Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering- Photobiology and Photomedicine (CNET), University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Milton Beltrame Junior
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Research and Development Institute - IPD, Vale do Paraíba University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Andreza Ribeiro Simioni
- Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Research and Development Institute - IPD, Vale do Paraíba University, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Zheng Y, Li Z, Chen H, Gao Y. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems for controllable photodynamic cancer therapy. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 144:105213. [PMID: 31926941 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Compared with the traditional treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of malignant tumors has the advantages of less damage to normal tissues, quick therapeutic effect, and ability to repeat treatments to the same site. However, most of the traditional photosensitizers (PSs) have severe skin photosensitization, poor tumor targeting, and low therapeutic effect in hypoxic tumor environment, which limit the application of PDT. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems can improve the targeting of PSs and release drugs with controllable photoactivity at predetermined locations, so as to achieve desired therapeutic effects with minimal side-effects. The present review summarizes the current nanoparticle platforms for PDT, and offers the description of different strategies including tumor-targeted delivery, controlled-release of PSs and the triggered photoactivity to achieve controllable PDT by nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems. The challenges and prospects for further development of intelligent PSs for PDT are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Ziying Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, 2 Xueyuan Road, Yangguang Building, 6FL., Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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Abdulrehman G, Xv K, Li Y, Kang L. Effects of meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin photodynamic therapy on isogenic colorectal cancer SW480 and SW620 cells with different metastatic potentials. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1581-1590. [PMID: 29796953 PMCID: PMC6133037 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2524-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the antitumor effects and possible mechanisms of meta-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin-mediated photodynamic therapy (m-THPC-PDT) on human primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colon cancer cell lines. SW480 and SW620 cells were incubated with various concentrations of m-THPC, followed by photodynamic irradiation. Subcellular localization of m-THPC in cells was observed with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Photocytotoxicity of m-THPC in the two cells was investigated by using MTT assay. The flow cytometry was employed to detect the cell apoptosis. The migration and long-term recovery ability were determined by scratch test and colony formation assay respectively. CLSM showed that m-THPC was mainly distributed within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and lysosome of SW480 cells and within the lysosome and mitochondria of SW620 cells. m-THPC-PDT induced a dose-dependent and light energy-dependent cytotoxicity in SW480 and SW620 cells. Apoptosis rate was approximately 65 and 25% in SW480 and SW620 respectively when the concentration of m-THPC increased to 11.76 μM. However, the rate of necrotic cells had no significant changes in two cell lines. The colony formation and migration ability of the two cell lines were decreased with m-THPC-PDT treatment in a dose-dependent manner. PDT with m-THPC not only could effectively inhibit cell proliferation and decrease migration ability and colony formation ability, but also could effectively kill SW480 and SW620 cells in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. These results suggest that m-THPC is a promising sensitizer that warrants further development and extensive studies towards clinical use of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulinur Abdulrehman
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Xinyi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Kaiyue Xv
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Xinyi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Xinyi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ling Kang
- College of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, No. 393, Xinyi Road, Xinyi District, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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de Miguel GC, Abrantes AM, Laranjo M, Grizotto AYK, Camporeze B, Pereira JA, Brites G, Serra A, Pineiro M, Rocha-Gonsalves A, Botelho MF, Priolli DG. A new therapeutic proposal for inoperable osteosarcoma: Photodynamic therapy. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 21:79-85. [PMID: 29175213 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma, a malignant tumor characterized by bone or osteoid formation, is the second most common primary bone neoplasm. Clinical symptoms include local and surrounding pain, unrelieved by rest or anesthesia. Osteosarcoma has a poor chemotherapeutic response with prognosis dependent on complete tumor excision. Therefore, for inoperable osteosarcoma new therapeutic strategies are needed. The present study aimed to develop murine models of cranial and vertebral osteosarcoma that facilitate simple clinical monitoring and real-time imaging to evaluate the outcome of photodynamic therapy based on a previously developed photosensitizer. METHODS Balb/c nude mice were divided into two groups: the cranial and vertebral osteosarcoma groups. Each group was further subdivided into the photodynamic therapy-treated and untreated groups. Images were obtained by scintigraphy with 99mTc-MIBI and radiography. Tumor growth, necrotic area, osteoid matrix area, and inflammatory infiltration were analyzed. RESULTS Cranial and vertebral tumors could be macroscopically observed and measured. Radiographic and scintigraphic images showed tumor cells present at the inoculation sites. After photodynamic therapy, scintigraphy showed lower tumoral radiopharmaceutical uptake, which correlated histologically with increased necrosis. Osteoid matrix volume increased, and tumor size decreased in all photodynamic therapy-treated animals. CONCLUSION Cranial and vertebral osteosarcoma models in athymic mice are feasible and facilitate in vivo monitoring for the development of new therapies. Photodynamic therapy is a potential antitumoral treatment for surgically inoperable osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Chohfi de Miguel
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Institute of Biophysics, CIMAGO, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Institute of Biophysics, CIMAGO, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Yoshie Kitagawa Grizotto
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruno Camporeze
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - José Aires Pereira
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil
| | - Gonçalo Brites
- Institute of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Arménio Serra
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Pineiro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Rocha-Gonsalves
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Technology of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Institute of Biophysics, CIMAGO, CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Medicine of University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Denise Gonçalves Priolli
- Laboratory of Multidisciplinary Research, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, São Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, SP, Brazil.
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Peng L, Huang Y, Duan Y, Zhuang S, Liao T, Xu C. 2 μm laser oscillation of Ho 3+:Tm 3+-codoped silica microspheres. APPLIED OPTICS 2017; 56:7469-7473. [PMID: 29048071 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.007469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
2 μm laser oscillation with a low threshold has been achieved in Ho3+:Tm3+-codoped silica microspheres (HTCSMs). Ho3+:Tm3+-codoped solgel functionalization film is applied to the surface of a silica microsphere, and an optical tapered fiber is adopted to couple an 808 nm continuous-wave laser to serve as the pump light source. Multimode and single-mode laser oscillations around 2 μm within the eye-safe wave band are observed due to the I75→I85 transitions of Ho3+ ions sensitized by Tm3+. The morphology characteristics of microspheres determine the multimode laser oscillation spectrum. The free spectral range is in good accordance with the calculated value based on Mie scattering theory. The HTCSM laser oscillation shows characteristics of good capability, simple process, high flexibility, and low cost.
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8
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Saenz C, Cheruku RR, Ohulchanskyy TY, Joshi P, Tabaczynski WA, Missert JR, Chen Y, Pera P, Tracy E, Marko A, Rohrbach D, Sunar U, Baumann H, Pandey RK. Structural and Epimeric Isomers of HPPH [3-Devinyl 3-{1-(1-hexyloxy) ethyl}pyropheophorbide-a]: Effects on Uptake and Photodynamic Therapy of Cancer. ACS Chem Biol 2017; 12:933-946. [PMID: 28165706 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The tetrapyrrole structure of porphyrins used as photosentizing agents is thought to determine uptake and retention by malignant epithelial cancer cells. To assess the contribution of the oxidized state of individual rings to these cellular processes, bacteriochlorophyll a was converted into the ring "D" reduced 3-devinyl-3-[1-(1-hexyloxy)ethyl]pyropheophorbide-a (HPPH) and the corresponding ring "B" reduced isomer (iso-HPPH). The carboxylic acid analogs of both ring "B" and ring "D" reduced isomers showed several-fold higher accumulation into the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum by primary culture of human lung and head and neck cancer cells than the corresponding methyl ester analogs that localize primarily to granular vesicles and to a lesser extent to mitochondria. However, long-term cellular retention of these compounds exhibited an inverse relationship with tumor cells generally retaining better the methyl-ester derivatives. In vivo distribution and tumor uptake was evaluated in the isogenic model of BALB/c mice bearing Colon26 tumors using the respective 14C-labeled analogs. Both carboxylic acid derivatives demonstrated similar intracellular localization and long-term tumor cure with no significant skin phototoxicity. PDT-mediated tumor action involved vascular damage, which was confirmed by a reduction in blood flow and immunohistochemical assessment of damage to the vascular endothelium. The HPPH stereoisomers (epimers) showed identical uptake (in vitro & in vivo), intracellular retention and photoreaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China 518060
- Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics, SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Zang L, Zhao H, Fang Q, Fan M, Chen T, Tian Y, Yao J, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Cao W. Photophysical properties of sinoporphyrin sodium and explanation of its high photo-activity. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424617500055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sinoporphyrin sodium (DVDMS) is a novel photosensitizer with high photodynamic therapy (PDT) effect. Reasons for its high photo-activity were investigated according to the study of photophysical characteristics of DVDMS. Extinction coefficients ([Formula: see text] of DVDMS at 405 nm and 630 nm are 4.36 × 105 and 1.84 × 104 M[Formula: see text].cm[Formula: see text]; fluorescence quantum yield ([Formula: see text] is 0.026; quantum yield of lowest triplet state formation is 0.94 and singlet oxygen quantum yield ([Formula: see text] is 0.92. Although [Formula: see text] of DVDMS is only 10% higher than that of Photofrin[Formula: see text] (0.83), the extinction coefficient of DVDMS at 630 nm is 10-fold greater than that of Photofrin[Formula: see text]. This leads to its higher singlet oxygen generation efficiency ([Formula: see text]. The higher [Formula: see text] of DVDMS can result in an effective reduction of dosage (1/10 of Photofrin[Formula: see text] reaching the same cytotoxic effect as Photofrin[Formula: see text]. Even though [Formula: see text] is approximately equal to that of Photofrin[Formula: see text], brightness ([Formula: see text] of DVDMS is 10-fold greater than that of Photofrin[Formula: see text] because of the 10-fold greater extinction coefficient. Thus, fluorescence diagnosis ability of 0.2 mg/kg DVDMS is comparable to that of 2 mg/kg Photofrin[Formula: see text] used in PDT. Overall, the 10-fold greater extinction coefficients are responsible for the high brightness and singlet oxygen generation efficiency of DVDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Zang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- School of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Ji’nan, 250014, China
| | - Qicheng Fang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ming Fan
- Shenzhen Micromed Tech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Shenzhen Micromed Tech. Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, 518109, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Division of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jianting Yao
- Division of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Cardiovascular Institute, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yangdong Zheng
- Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhang
- Condensed Matter Science and Technology Institute, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Wenwu Cao
- Department of Mathematics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
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Teixo R, Laranjo M, Abrantes AM, Brites G, Serra A, Proença R, Botelho MF. Retinoblastoma: might photodynamic therapy be an option? Cancer Metastasis Rev 2016; 34:563-73. [PMID: 25579236 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-014-9544-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma is a tumor that mainly affects children under 5 years, all over the world. The origin of these tumors is related with mutations in the RB1 gene, which may result from genetic alterations in cells of the germ line or in retinal somatic cells. In developing countries, the number of retinoblastoma-related deaths is higher due to less access to treatment, unlike what happens in developed countries where survival rates are higher. However, treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, although quite effective in treating this type of cancer, do not avoid high indices of mortality due to secondary malignances which are quite frequent in these patients. Additionally, treatments such as cryotherapy, thermotherapy, thermochemotherapy, or brachytherapy represent other options for retinoblastoma. When all these approaches fail, enucleation is the last option. Photodynamic therapy might be considered as an alternative, particularly because of its non-mutagenic character. Photodynamic therapy is a treatment modality based on the administration of photosensitizing molecules that only upon irradiation of the tumor with a light source of appropriate wavelength are activated, triggering its antitumor action. This activity may be not only due to direct damage to tumor cells but also due to damage caused to the blood vessels responsible for the vascular supply of the tumor. Over the past decades, several in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to assess the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of retinoblastoma, and very promising results were achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Teixo
- Unit of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Unit of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal. .,CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal. .,IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Unit of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Brites
- Unit of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Arménio Serra
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Pólo II, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-290, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Proença
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,Centre for Integrated Responsibility in Ophthalmology, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre (CRIO-CHUC), Praceta Mota Pinto, 3000-075, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Unit of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.,IBILI, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
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11
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Novel 4,5,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine fused chlorins as very active photodynamic agents for melanoma cells. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 103:374-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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12
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Mfouo-Tynga I, Abrahamse H. Cell death pathways and phthalocyanine as an efficient agent for photodynamic cancer therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:10228-41. [PMID: 25955645 PMCID: PMC4463643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160510228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms of cell death can be predetermined (programmed) or not and categorized into apoptotic, autophagic and necrotic pathways. The process of Hayflick limits completes the execution of death-related mechanisms. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are associated with oxidative stress and subsequent cytodamage by oxidizing and degrading cell components. ROS are also involved in immune responses, where they stabilize and activate both hypoxia-inducible factors and phagocytic effectors. ROS production and presence enhance cytodamage and photodynamic-induced cell death. Photodynamic cancer therapy (PDT) uses non-toxic chemotherapeutic agents, photosensitizer (PS), to initiate a light-dependent and ROS-related cell death. Phthalocyanines (PCs) are third generation and stable PSs with improved photochemical abilities. They are effective inducers of cell death in various neoplastic models. The metallated PCs localize in critical cellular organelles and are better inducers of cell death than other previous generation PSs as they favor mainly apoptotic cell death events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Mfouo-Tynga
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa.
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13
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Santos PM, Laranjo M, Serra AC, Abrantes AM, Piñeiro M, Casalta-Lopes J, Trindade D, Maia J, Rocha-Gonsalves A, Botelho MF. Evaluation of a99mTc-labelledmeso-bisphenylporphyrin as a tumour image agent. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2014; 57:141-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro M. Santos
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- University of Beira Interior; 6200-001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - Mafalda Laranjo
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Arménio C. Serra
- Chymiotechnon, Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; Rua Larga 3000 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Abrantes
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Marta Piñeiro
- CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- Chymiotechnon, Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; Rua Larga 3000 Coimbra Portugal
| | - João Casalta-Lopes
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- Radiation Oncology Department; Coimbra Hospital and Universitary Centre, Praceta Mota Pinto; 3000-075 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Diná Trindade
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Jorge Maia
- University of Beira Interior; 6200-001 Covilhã Portugal
| | - António Rocha-Gonsalves
- Chymiotechnon, Department of Chemistry; University of Coimbra; Rua Larga 3000 Coimbra Portugal
- CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Botelho
- Biophysics Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- IBILI, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas; 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
- CIMAGO, Faculty of Medicine; University of Coimbra; Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas 3000-548 Coimbra Portugal
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14
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Dulski M, Kempa M, Kozub P, Wójcik J, Rojkiewicz M, Kuś P, Szurko A, Ratuszna A, Wrzalik R. DFT/TD-DFT study of solvent effect as well the substituents influence on the different features of TPP derivatives for PDT application. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 104:315-327. [PMID: 23274259 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.11.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Spectral characteristics study of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin derivatives (TPP1 and TPP2) used as photosensitizers for utilization in photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been performed by density functional theory (DFT) and time dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations at B3LYP/6-31 G(d) level of theory using PCM solvation model. The geometrical parameters of porphyrins have been studied for ground and excited-state geometry to deduce the influence of various substituents as well as solvent effect on the deformation of porphyrin ring. Two theoretical approaches - linear response (LR) and external iteration (EI) - have been performed to replicate absorption and fluorescence emission spectra. Experimental and theoretical investigations have shown that EI method reproduces the absorption energies very well for both singlet-singlet and triplet-triplet transitions, whereas the LR approach is more coherent with experimental fluorescence emission spectra. Spectral features and HOMO-LUMO band gap analysis have shown that TPP1 can be more useful in PDT. Calculations have revealed that two the highest occupied and two the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals are responsible for the Q-band absorption and are located mainly on the porphyrin ring. In order to verify the substituent effect on the activity of tested compounds in their ground and excited states, the molecular electrostatic potential surfaces have been analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Dulski
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland.
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15
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Laranjo M, Serra AC, Abrantes M, Piñeiro M, Gonçalves AC, Casalta-Lopes J, Carvalho L, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Rocha-Gonsalves A, Botelho F. 2-Bromo-5-hydroxyphenylporphyrins for photodynamic therapy: Photosensitization efficiency, subcellular localization and in vivo studies. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Jiang Z, Chen M, Hu Y, Wang J, Chen G. Investigation on1O2generation ability of di-sulfonic phthalocyanine zinc isomers using an HPLC-CL system. LUMINESCENCE 2013; 28:922-6. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Jiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Meili Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Yanli Hu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Jian Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
| | - Guonan Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Department of Chemistry; Fuzhou University; Fuzhou Fujian 350002 China
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17
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Silva S, Pereira PMR, Silva P, Almeida Paz FA, Faustino MAF, Cavaleiro JAS, Tomé JPC. Porphyrin and phthalocyanine glycodendritic conjugates: synthesis, photophysical and photochemical properties. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:3608-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc17561d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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18
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Harris F, Pierpoint L. Photodynamic therapy based on 5-aminolevulinic acid and its use as an antimicrobial agent. Med Res Rev 2011; 32:1292-327. [PMID: 21793017 DOI: 10.1002/med.20251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is taken up directly by bacteria, yeasts, fungi, and some parasites, which then induces the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX). Subsequent light irradiation of PPIX leads to the inactivation of these organisms via photodamage to their cellular structures. ALA uptake and light irradiation of PPIX produced by host cells leads to the inactivation of other parasites, along with some viruses, via the induction of an immune response. ALA-mediated PPIX production by host cells and light irradiation result in the inactivation of other viruses via either the induction of a host cell response or direct photodynamic attack on viral particles. This ALA-mediated production of light-activated PPIX has been extensively used as a form of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and has shown varying levels of efficacy in treating conditions that are associated with microbial infection, ranging from acne and verrucae to leishmaniasis and onychomycosis. However, for the treatment of some of these conditions by ALA-based PDT, the role of an antimicrobial effect has been disputed and in general, the mechanisms by which the technique inactivates microbes are not well understood. In this study, we review current understanding of the antimicrobial mechanisms used by ALA-based PDT and its role in the treatment of microbial infections along with its potential medical and nonmedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick Harris
- School of Forensic and Investigative Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, Lancashire, United Kingdom. fharris1@.ac.uk
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Pereira NAM, Fonseca SM, Serra AC, Pinho e Melo TMVD, Burrows HD. [8π+2π] Cycloaddition of meso-Tetra- and 5,15-Diarylporphyrins: Synthesis and Photophysical Characterization of Stable Chlorins and Bacteriochlorins. European J Org Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201100465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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20
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Yang DL, Gong H, Pun EYB, Zhao X, Lin H. Rare-earth ions doped heavy metal germanium tellurite glasses for fiber lighting in minimally invasive surgery. OPTICS EXPRESS 2010; 18:18997-19008. [PMID: 20940794 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.018997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In Er(3+)/Yb(3+) codoped Na(2)O-ZnO-PbO-GeO(2)-TeO(2) (NZPGT) glass fiber, a clear and compact green upconversion amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) trace is observed, and the NZPGT glasses are proved to be a desirable candidate in fabricating low-phonon energy fiber. Intense green upconversion luminescence of Er(3+), balanced green and red upconversion emissions of Ho(3+), and dominant three-photon blue upconversion fluorescence of Tm(3+) have been represented. By varying the excitation power of 974 nm wavelength laser diode, a series of green and white fluorescences have been achieved in Tm(3+)/Er(3+)/Yb(3+) and Tm(3+)/Ho(3+)/Yb(3+) triply doped glass systems, respectively. These results reveal that high-intensity blue, green, and white upconversion ASE fluorescences, which can be adopted for lighting in minimally invasive photodynamic therapy and minimally invasive surgery, are reasonable to be expected in rare-earth doped NZPGT glass fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L Yang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Materials, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, People's Republic of China
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Serra A, Pineiro M, Santos CI, Rocha Gonsalves AMD, Abrantes M, Laranjo M, Botelho MF. In VitroPhotodynamic Activity of 5,15-bis(3-Hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin and Its Halogenated Derivatives Against Cancer Cells. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:206-12. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2009.00622.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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