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Zhao Y, Lv W, Zhang Y, Tang M, Wang H. Enhanced data preprocessing with novel window function in Raman spectroscopy: Leveraging feature selection and machine learning for raspberry origin identification. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 323:124913. [PMID: 39126867 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a simple and accurate approach is proposed for enhancing the origin identification of raspberry samples using a combination of innovative Raman spectral preprocessing techniques, feature selection, and machine learning algorithms. Window function was creatively introduced and combined with baseline removal technique to preprocess the Raman spectral data, reducing the dimensionality of the raw data and ensuring the quality of the processed data. An optimization process was conducted to determine the optimal parameter for the window function, resulting in a binning window width of 5 that yielded the highest accuracy. After applying three feature selection techniques, it was found that the information gain model had the best performance in extracting discriminative spectral features. Finally, ten different machine learning algorithms were employed to construct predictive models, and the optimal models were selected. Linear Support Vector Classifier (LinearSVC), Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifier (MLPClassifier), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) achieve accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 values above 0.96, while the Random Vector Functional Link Network Classifier (RVFLClassifier) surpasses 0.93 for these performance metrics. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in identifying the origin of raspberry samples with high accuracy and robustness, providing a valuable tool for agricultural product authentication and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaju Zhao
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
| | - Wei Lv
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Yinsheng Zhang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Minmin Tang
- Jiangsu Provincial Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Nanjing 210007, PR China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Institute of Food & Drug Quality and Safety, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China.
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Apaza Ticona L, Sánchez Sánchez-Corral J, Díaz-Guerra Martín C, Calderón Jiménez S, López González A, Thiebaut Estrada C. Rubus urticifolius Compounds with Antioxidant Activity, and Inhibition Potential against Tyrosinase, Melanin, Hyaluronidase, Elastase, and Collagenase. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:937. [PMID: 39065787 PMCID: PMC11280343 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In our study, using chromatographic techniques, we isolated three bioactive compounds, which were structurally elucidated as (E)-2-(3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)acrylamido)-N-methylbenzamide (1), 4-Hydroxyquinoline-2-carboxylic acid (2), and (E)-2-Cyano-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acrylic acid (3), using spectroscopic methods. The anti-melanogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-aging properties were evaluated in vitro by measuring the activity of pharmacological targets including tyrosinase, melanin, NF-κB, hyaluronidase, elastase, collagenase, and Nrf2. Our results show that compound 1 is the most active with IC50 values of 14.19 μM (tyrosinase inhibition), 22.24 μM (melanin inhibition), 9.82-12.72 μM (NF-κB inhibition), 79.71 μM (hyaluronidase inhibition), 80.13 μM (elastase inhibition), 76.59 μM (collagenase inhibition), and 116-385 nM (Nrf2 activation) in the THP-1, HEK001, WS1, and HMCB cells. These findings underscore the promising profiles of the aqueous extract of R. urticifolius at safe cytotoxic concentrations. Additionally, we report, for the first time, the isolation and characterisation of these nitrogenous compounds in the R. urticifolius species. Finally, compound 1, isolated from R. urticifolius, is a promising candidate for the development of more effective and safer compounds for diseases related to skin pigmentation, protection against inflammation, and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Apaza Ticona
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense of Madrid, Plza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Autónoma of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sánchez Sánchez-Corral
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University Autónoma of Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Díaz-Guerra Martín
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense of Madrid, Plza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Calderón Jiménez
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense of Madrid, Plza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandra López González
- Organic Chemistry Unit, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Complutense of Madrid, Plza. Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Yu JD, Wang JY, Liu JY, Xu YC, Zhang X, Du J, Wu XH, Chen L, Wu YC, Li YM. Ent-labdane-type diterpene glycosides obtained from Rubus chingii Hu and their inhibitory effects on PDE5A activity. Fitoterapia 2024; 173:105780. [PMID: 38135092 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, 16 new ent-labdane-type diterpene glycosides, designated as goshonosides J1-J16 (1-16), along with nine previously known diterpene glycosides (17-25) were extracted from the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu. The structures of goshonosides J1-J16 were elucidated using various analytical techniques, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron capture detector ECD, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry HREIMS, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and hydrolysis. Furthermore, the isolates' efficacy in inhibiting the activity of phosphodiesterase type 5 A was evaluated. Goshonosides J1, J2, and G effectively inhibited the activity of the aforementioned enzyme (IC50 values: 6.15 ± 1.76, 3.27 ± 0.65, and 9.61 ± 2.36 μM, respectively). Our findings highlight the remarkable structural diversity of bioactive compounds in R. chingii Hu and offer insights into the use of this shrub.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Dong Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jing-Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Ye-Chun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jun Du
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wu
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Amway (Shanghai) Innovation & Science Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yi-Ming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Liu Z, Mi Z, Han N, Zhai J, Li S, Yin J. Diterpenoid glucosides with anti-inflammatory activity from Rubi Fructus. Fitoterapia 2023; 164:105325. [PMID: 36448845 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
For centuries, dried unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu (Chinese name "Fu-pen-zi") have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various diseases, commonly associated with kidney deficiency. Rubi Fructus is an edible berry suitable for consumption either directly or in the form of juice and jam. The phytochemical investigation focused on the bioactive non-nutrient ingredient from the fruit of R. chingii, especially diterpenoid compounds. Seven diterpenoid glucosides, including three new (1-3) and four known (4-7) compounds, were obtained from the fruits of R. chingii. The structures along with the absolute configurations of the new compounds were determined by extensive NMR spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, and 7 showed anti-inflammatory activity against LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Further, the preliminary structure-activity relationships of these active compounds have been scientifically evaluated and discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenru Mi
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Na Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianxiu Zhai
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Sikai Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Development and Utilization Key Laboratory of Northeast Plant Materials, Key Laboratory of Northeast Authentic Materials Research and Development in Liaoning Province, School of Traditional Chinese MateriaMedica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
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Yu G, Luo Z, Wang W, Li Y, Zhou Y, Shi Y. Rubus chingii Hu: A Review of the Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:799. [PMID: 31379574 PMCID: PMC6646936 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu (R. chingii), referred to as "Fu-Pen-Zi" in Chinese, has great medicinal and dietary values since ancient times. The dried fruits of R. chingii have been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of kidney enuresis and urinary frequency for centuries. According to current findings, R. chingii has been reported to contain a variety of chemical constituents, mostly triterpenoids, diterpenoids, flavonoids, and organic acids. These compounds have been demonstrated to be the major bioactive components responsible for pharmacological effects such as anticomplementary, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory functions. Therefore, this review focused on the up-to-date published data of the literature about R. chingii and comprehensively summarized its phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control, and toxicity to provide a beneficial support to its further investigations and applications in medicines and foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yu
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wubin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yihao Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yating Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shi
- Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Chen Y, Chen Z, Guo Q, Gao X, Ma Q, Xue Z, Ferri N, Zhang M, Chen H. Identification of Ellagitannins in the Unripe Fruit of Rubus Chingii Hu and Evaluation of its Potential Antidiabetic Activity. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7025-7039. [PMID: 31240933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
As a functional food, the unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu have been widely used in China for thousands of years. Twenty-five major ellagitannins (ETs) were identified from the unripe fruits, and a novel ellagitannin, chingiitannin A (1), together with four other known ETs (2-5) were isolated and identified by HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS and 2D-NMR. Chingiitannin A showed the highest α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities (IC50 2.89 and 4.52 μM, respectively), which occurred in a reversible and noncompetitive manner. Static quenching was indicated in a fluorescence quenching assay. Molecular docking results revealed that chingiitannin A interacted with the enzymes mainly by hydrogen bonding and was bound in the allosteric site. Chingiitannin A was nontoxic, and it increased the glucose uptake in L6 myotubes. The results suggested that the unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu are rich sources of ETs, and chingiitannin A might be a good candidate for functional foods or antidiabetic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Zhongqin Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Qingwen Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Xudong Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Qiqi Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Zihan Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
| | - Nicola Ferri
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences , University of Padua , Via Marzolo , 535131 Padua , Italy
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Biotechnology , Tianjin University of Science and Technology , Tianjin 300457 , P. R. China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , P. R. China
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Identification of polyphenolic composition in the fruits of Rubus chingii Hu and its antioxidant and antiproliferative activity on human bladder cancer T24 cells. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9918-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zeng HJ, Liu Z, Wang YP, Yang D, Yang R, Qu LB. Studies on the anti-aging activity of a glycoprotein isolated from Fupenzi (Rubus chingii Hu.) and its regulation on klotho gene expression in mice kidney. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:470-476. [PMID: 30055279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel glycoprotein with molecular weight of 22.0 kDa was isolated and purified from Fupenzi (a kind of unripe fruits of Rubus chingii Hu.) by means of anion-exchange (DEAE-52) and gel column chromatography (Sephadex G-100). The glycoprotein consists of a carbohydrate component (81.42 ± 0.96%) and protein component (14.56 ± 1.21%). The anti-aging capability was measured in d‑galactose induced aging mice model, and the experimental data showed that the glycoprotein could significantly inhibit the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and raise the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in mice kidney and serum. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and western blots showed that the glycoprotein significantly increase the expression of anti-aging gene klotho in mice kidney. The results suggested that the anti-aging mechanism of FPZ might be achieved by improving the klotho gene expression and repairing the renal function. This study will provide a scientific basis for the view of traditional Chinese medicine that tonifying kidney is the basic way of anti-aging. In addition, the glycoprotein could be exploited as a potent dietary supplement to attenuate aging and prevent age-related diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Jin Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Ya-Ping Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
| | - Ran Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China.
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, PR China
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Shen CY, Zhang TT, Zhang WL, Jiang JG. Anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil isolated from the calyx of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Food Funct 2018; 7:4451-4459. [PMID: 27713954 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00795c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn., belonging to the family of Malvaceae, is considered to be a plant with health care applications in China. The main purpose of this study was to analyze the composition of its essential oil and assess its potential therapeutic effect on anti-inflammatory activity. A water steam distillation method was used to extract the essential oil from H. Sabdariffa. The essential oil components were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and a total of 18 volatile constituents were identified, the majority of which were fatty acids and ester compounds. Biological activity showed that the essential oil extracted from H. Sabdariffa exhibited excellent anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. The nitric oxide (NO) inhibition rate reached 67.46% when the concentration of the essential oil was 200 μg mL-1. Further analysis showed that the anti-inflammatory activity of the essential oil extracted from H. Sabdariffa might be exerted through inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK (JNK and ERK1/2) signaling pathways to decrease NO and pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, COX-2, and iNOS) production. Thus, the essential oil extracted from H. Sabdariffa is a good source of a natural product with a beneficial effect against inflammation, and it may be applied as a food supplement and/or functional ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Shen
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Wen-Li Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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Hong JH, Khan N, Jamila N, Hong YS, Nho EY, Choi JY, Lee CM, Kim KS. Determination of Volatile Flavour Profiles of Citrus spp. Fruits by SDE-GC-MS and Enantiomeric Composition of Chiral Compounds by MDGC-MS. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2017; 28:392-403. [PMID: 28444796 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Citrus fruits are known to have characteristic enantiomeric key compounds biosynthesised by highly stereoselective enzymatic mechanisms. In the past, evaluation of the enantiomeric ratios of chiral compounds in fruits has been applied as an effective indicator of adulteration by the addition of synthetic compounds or natural components of different botanical origin. OBJECTIVE To analyse the volatile flavour compounds of Citrus junos Sieb. ex Tanaka (yuzu), Citrus limon BURM. f. (lemon) and Citrus aurantifolia Christm. Swingle (lime), and determine the enantiomeric ratios of their chiral compounds for discrimination and authentication of extracted oils. METHODOLOGY Volatile flavour compounds of the fruits of the three Citrus species were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The enantiomeric composition (ee%) of chiral camphene, sabinene, limonene and β-phellandrene was analysed by heart-cutting multidimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS Sixty-seven (C. junos), 77 (C. limon) and 110 (C. aurantifolia) volatile compounds were identified with limonene, γ-terpinene and linalool as the major compounds. Stereochemical analysis (ee%) revealed 1S,4R-(-) camphene (94.74, 98.67, 98.82), R-(+)-limonene (90.53, 92.97, 99.85) and S-(+)-β-phellandrene (98.69, 97.15, 92.13) in oil samples from all three species; R-(+)-sabinene (88.08) in C. junos; and S-(-)-sabinene (81.99, 79.74) in C. limon and C. aurantifolia, respectively. CONCLUSION The enantiomeric composition and excess ratios of the chiral compounds could be used as reliable indicators of genuineness and quality assurance of the oils derived from the Citrus fruit species. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Ho Hong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science & Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhuwa, Pakistan
| | - Nargis Jamila
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Young Shin Hong
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Yeong Nho
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong Mi Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyong Su Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
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Zhang TT, Liu YJ, Yang L, Jiang JG, Zhao JW, Zhu W. Extraction of antioxidant and antiproliferative ingredients from fruits of Rubus chingii Hu by active tracking guidance. MEDCHEMCOMM 2017; 8:1673-1680. [PMID: 30108878 PMCID: PMC6072464 DOI: 10.1039/c7md00240h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Rubus chingii Hu, namely "Fu-pen-zi" in Chinese, has been used as a functional food in China for a long time. This study aims to identify its bioactive constituents with antioxidant and anti-tumor properties. R. chingii was extracted with 95% ethanol and then partitioned into four fractions: petroleum ether fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, n-butanol fraction, and water fraction. Results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, Bel-7402, A549 and MCF-7). Therefore, four compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction, and they were identified as ent-16α,17-dihydroxy-kauran-19-oic acid, tormentic acid, oleanolic acid and β-daucosterol, the first two of which were isolated and identified from R. chingii for the first time. In particular, tormentic acid exhibited excellent cytotoxicity activities against human tumor cell lines. The results obtained in this work might contribute to the understanding of biological activities of R. chingii and further investigation on its potential application is valued for food and drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zhang
- College of Food and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 20 87113849
- College of Food Science and Engineering , Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003 , China
| | - Ya-Jun Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510405 , China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 20 87113849
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering , South China University of Technology , Guangzhou , 510640 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 20 87113849
| | - Jing-Wen Zhao
- The second Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510120 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 20 39318571
| | - Wei Zhu
- The second Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine , Guangzhou 510120 , China . ; ; Tel: +86 20 39318571
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Shen CY, Yang L, Jiang JG, Zheng CY, Zhu W. Immune enhancement effects and extraction optimization of polysaccharides from Citrus aurantium L. var. amara Engl. Food Funct 2017; 8:796-807. [PMID: 28121002 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo01545j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The crude polysaccharides ofCitrus aurantiumL. var.amaraEngl (CAVAPs) were extracted and their bioactivities including DPPH radical scavenging activity, cytotoxicity to human breast cancer cells, MCF-7, as well as lung cancer cells, HCC827, and their immune-enhancement activity were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Shen
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Li Yang
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Jian-Guo Jiang
- College of Food and Bioengineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Chao-Yang Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
- Guangzhou 510120
- China
| | - Wei Zhu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
- Guangzhou 510120
- China
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13
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Han B, Chen J, Yu YQ, Cao YB, Jiang YY. Antifungal activity of Rubus chingii extract combined with fluconazole against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans. Microbiol Immunol 2016; 60:82-92. [PMID: 26891940 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of Rubus chingii extract in combination with fluconazole (FLC) against FLC-resistant Candida albicans 100 in vitro. A R. chingii extract and FLC-resistant C. albicans fungus suspension were prepared. The minimum inhibitory concentration and fractional inhibitory concentration index of R. chingii extract combined with FLC against C. albicans were determined, after which growth curves for C. albicans treated with R. chingii extract, FLC alone and a combination of these preparations were constructed. Additionally, the mechanisms of drug combination against C. albicans were explored by flow cytometry, gas chromatographic mass spectrometry and drug efflux pump function detection. R. chingii extract combined with FLC showed significant synergy. Flow cytometry suggested that C. albicans cells mainly arrest in G1 and S phases when they have been treated with the drug combination. The drug combination resulted in a marked decrease in the ergosterol content of the cell membrane. Additionally, efflux of Rhodamine 6G decreased with increasing concentrations of R. chingii extract. R. chingii extract combined with FLC has antifungal activity against FLC-resistant C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 201199
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 201199
| | - Yi-qun Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, 201199
| | - Yong-bing Cao
- Research and Development Center for New Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan-ying Jiang
- Research and Development Center for New Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Chen J, Wang L, Cao J, Xu L. Chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil from Rubus pungens var. oldhamii. Nat Prod Res 2016; 31:1454-1458. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2016.1253076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yaojie Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, P.R. China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, P.R. China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, P.R. China
| | - Lishan Xu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, P.R. China
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15
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Endothelium- and smooth muscle-dependent vasodilator effects of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara: Focus on Ca(2+) modulation. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:467-71. [PMID: 27470386 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neroli, the essential oil of Citrus aurantium L. var. amara, is a well-characterized alleviative agent used to treat cardiovascular symptoms. However, because it has been found to have multiple effects, its mechanism of action requires further exploration. We sought to clarify the mechanism underlying the actions of neroli in mouse aorta. In aortic rings from mice precontracted with prostaglandin F2 alpha, neroli induced vasodilation. However, relaxation effect of neroli was decreased in endothelium-denuded ring or pre-incubation with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-Nitro-l-arginine-methyl ester (L-NAME). And also, neroli-induced relaxation was also partially reversed by 1H-[1,2,4] oxadiazolo [4,3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor. In addition, neroli inhibited extracellular Ca(2+)-dependent, depolarization-induced contraction, an effect that was concentration dependent. Pretreatment with the non-selective cation channel blocker, Ni(2+), attenuated neroli-induced relaxation, whereas the K(+) channel blocker, tetraethylammonium chloride, had no effect. In the presence of verapamil, added to prevent Ca(2+) influx via smooth muscle voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels, neroli-induced relaxation was reduced by the ryanodine receptor (RyR) inhibitor ruthenium red. Our findings further indicate that the endothelial component of neroli-induced vasodilation is partly mediated by the NO-sGC pathway, whereas the smooth muscle component involves modulation of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration through inhibition of cation channel-mediated extracellular Ca(2+) influx and store-operated Ca(2+) release mediated by the RyR signaling pathway.
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16
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Tormentic acid in foods exerts anti-proliferation efficacy through inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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17
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Flavonoid glycosides from Rubus chingii Hu fruits display anti-inflammatory activity through suppressing MAPKs activation in macrophages. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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18
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Zhang TT, Lu CL, Jiang JG. Antioxidant and anti-tumour evaluation of compounds identified from fruit of Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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