1
|
McRae G, Leek DM, Meija J, Shurmer B, Lehotay SJ, Polzer J, Melanson JE, Mester Z. Production and certification of BOTS-1: bovine muscle-certified reference material for incurred veterinary drug residues. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:759-771. [PMID: 37326831 PMCID: PMC10766801 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04794-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A freeze-dried bovine muscle-certified reference material (CRM), known as BOTS-1 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.4224/crm.2018.bots-1 ), containing incurred residues of commonly used veterinary drugs was produced and certified for the mass fraction of eight veterinary drug residues. Value assignment was carried out using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods in conjunction with isotope dilution and standard addition approaches involving stable isotope internal standards. Data from the National Research Council of Canada (NRC), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), and the Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety in Germany (BVL) were used for value assignment. Results for two drug residues were also obtained through an international inter-laboratory comparison CCQM-K141/P178 organized under the auspices of the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM). Quantitative NMR (1H-qNMR) was used to characterize primary standards of all veterinary drugs certified. The certified mass fractions of the veterinary drug residues were 490 ± 100 µg/kg for chlorpromazine, 44 ± 4.4 µg/kg for ciprofloxacin, 3.3 ± 1.4 µg/kg for clenbuterol, 9.5 ± 0.8 µg/kg for dexamethasone, 57 ± 4.8 µg/kg for enrofloxacin, 3.0 ± 0.4 µg/kg for meloxicam, 12.4 ± 1.2 µg/kg for ractopamine, and 2290 ± 120 µg/kg for sulfadiazine with expanded uncertainties quoted (95% confidence) which include the effects due to between-bottle inhomogeneity, instability during long-term storage and transportation, and characterization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garnet McRae
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology, 1200 Montreal Road, ON, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Donald M Leek
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology, 1200 Montreal Road, ON, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Juris Meija
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology, 1200 Montreal Road, ON, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bryn Shurmer
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 116 Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK, S7N 2R3, Canada
| | - Steven J Lehotay
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA
| | - Joachim Polzer
- German Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety (BVL), Mauerstrasse 39-42, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeremy E Melanson
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology, 1200 Montreal Road, ON, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Zoltan Mester
- National Research Council Canada, Metrology, 1200 Montreal Road, ON, K1A 0R6, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yan Y, Ning J, Cheng X, Lv Q, Teng S, Wang W. Rapid and High-Throughput Determination of Sixteen β-agonists in Livestock Meat Using One-Step Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010076. [PMID: 36613292 PMCID: PMC9818196 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
β-agonists are illegally added to animal feed because they can greatly increase carcasses' leanness, which impairs the safety of animal-derived foods and indirectly endangers human health. This study aimed to develop an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for determining sixteen β-agonists in livestock meat. The homogenized samples were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using β-glucuronidase/sulfatase at 40 °C for 2 h, extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid (v/v), and purified by the one-step Qvet-AG extraction column. The residue was redissolved by 0.1% aqueous formic acid/methanol (9:1, v/v) after blow-drying by nitrogen, and then determined by UHPLC-MS/MS. The results demonstrated that the well linearity was in the range of 0.1-50 μg/L with the correlation coefficient (R2) ≥0.9928, and the limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.01-0.11 μg/kg and 0.04-0.38 μg/kg, respectively. With intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) being less than 10%, the average recoveries of pork, beef, and lamb at various spiked levels ranged from 62.62-115.93%, 61.35-106.34%, and 62.00-111.83%, respectively. In conclusion, the established method is simple, efficient, sensitive, and suitable for the simultaneous detection of several β-agonist residues in livestock meat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Ning
- WENS Foodstuff Group Co., Ltd., Yunfu 527400, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- The Center for Agri-Food Quality & Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China
| | - Qingqin Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuang Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-84395650
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Research on Rapid Detection Technology for β2-Agonists: Multi-Residue Fluorescence Immunochromatography Based on Dimeric Artificial Antigen. Foods 2022; 11:foods11060863. [PMID: 35327285 PMCID: PMC8949518 DOI: 10.3390/foods11060863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
To detect two types of β2-agonist residues at the same time, we coupled two haptens of clenbuterol (CLE) and ractopamine (RAC) to the same carrier protein through diazotization to prepare dimeric artificial antigen, and a fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay method based on europium nanoparticles (EuNP-FLFIA) was established by combining polyclonal antibodies with europium nanoparticles to form probes. Under optimized conditions, the EuNP-FLFIA could simultaneously detect eight aniline-type and one phenol-type β2-agonists, and the limits of detection (LOD) were 0.11−0.19 ng/mL and 0.12 ng/mL, respectively. The recovery rate of this method was 84.00−114.00%. This method was verified by liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the test results were consistent (R2 > 0.98). Therefore, the method established in this study could be used as a high-throughput screening for the efficient and sensitive detection of β2-agonists in food.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kaufmann A, Widmer M, Maden K, Butcher P, Walker S. High resolution mass spectrometry-based detection and quantification of β-agonists at relevant trace levels in a variety of animal-based food matrices. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:1350-1363. [PMID: 34043490 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1922759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
β-agonists have been illegally used for growth promoting purposes in animal husbandry, leading to residue concentrations capable of inducing acute toxic reactions among consumers of animal-based food. There is not only a need for detecting β-agonist residues at low concentrations, but also to increase the number of compounds to be monitored. It was therefore the aim of this paper to develop a unified method capable of detecting a wide range of different β-agonists (20 analytes including some metabolites) in a variety of matrices (muscle, liver, plasma, milk and urine). The developed procedure permits the quick processing of samples with limited labour input and consumption of consumables. The method has been validated according to the Commission Decision 98/536/EC. Detection is based on ultrahigh-performance chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry. Validation was performed on two different instruments (Orbitrap and time of flight). The obtained limit of quantification (0.05 to 0.5 μg/kg and the average recovery of 78% in the most complex matrix (liver) satisfies current regulatory requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kaufmann
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Widmer
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kathryn Maden
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Patrick Butcher
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Walker
- Official Food Control Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gao Y, Li W, Li D, Yan R, Guo Y. Determination of DCPTA in Mung Bean by Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction and Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01774-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
6
|
Cao J, Liang S, Zhang H, Xu Q, Ji W. Sodium 4-styrenesulfonate functionalized nanofibers mat as 96-well plate solid-phase extraction adsorbent for quantitative determination of multiple β-agonists residues in pork samples. Food Chem 2020; 335:127631. [PMID: 32736157 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, sodium 4-styrenesulfonate functionalized polyacrylonitrile nanofibers mat (SS/PAN NFM) was firstly prepared and applied as 96-well plate solid-phase extraction adsorbent for quantitative determination of seven β-agonists residues in pork samples. The functional modification endowed the SS/PAN NFM with superior adsorption performance for target β-agonists. The adsorption process is spontaneous (ΔG < 0), the initial adsorption rate can reach 6.03-9.09 mg/g/min and the maximum adsorption capacity is calculated to be 48.3 mg/g at 298 K. Moreover, SS/PAN NFM can be reused for 12 times without degradation in adsorption capability. Combined with UPLC-MS/MS, the limits of detection can reach 0.006-0.24 μg/kg, the recoveries ranged from 87.2% to 111% and the relative standard deviations of intra-day and inter-day precisions were in the scope of 1.75%-11.6% and 5.08%-13.5%, respectively. The obtained results fully demonstrated the practicability of this method in preventing the hazard of β-agonists residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Sihui Liang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Wenliang Ji
- Jiangsu Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yikilmaz Y, Kuzukiran O, Erdogan E, Sen F, Kirmizibayrak O, Filazi A. The determination of β-agonist residues in bovine tissues using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2020; 34:e4926. [PMID: 32558952 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to develop a rapid, simple and reproducible method based on LC-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to analyze β-agonist residues (clenbuterol, zilpaterol, ractopamine and isoxsuprine) in bovine tissues. The method was validated in accordance with the European Council Decision 2002/657/EC. The samples were homogenized, and then 10 mL of an acetate buffer was added to a 5-g sample. The sample was then centrifuged at 12,000 rpm and filtered. Sodium hydroxide (2 m) was added to adjust pH of the sample that was centrifuged again. The extract was filtered through a solid-phase extraction column. The residue was re-dissolved in 250 μL acetonitrile and then subjected to LC-MS/MS. The separation was done on a C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid in deionized water and 0.1% formic acid in methanol. The mean recoveries of β-agonists were in the range of 84.3%-119.1% with relative standard deviations (%RSDs) of 0.683%-4.05%. Decision limits and detection capabilities of the analytes ranged from 0.0960 to 4.9349 μg/kg and from 0.0983 to 5.0715, respectively. This method was used to detect four β-agonists in 100 bovine muscle, 100 liver and 100 kidney tissues from a slaughterhouse. No residue was found above the maximum residue limit level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeliz Yikilmaz
- Etlik Veterinary Research Control Institute, Ahmet Sefik Kolaylı Street, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kuzukiran
- Veterinary Department, Eldivan Vocational School of Health Services, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, 18700, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Erdogan
- Etlik Veterinary Research Control Institute, Ahmet Sefik Kolaylı Street, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Filiz Sen
- Etlik Veterinary Research Control Institute, Ahmet Sefik Kolaylı Street, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Kirmizibayrak
- Etlik Veterinary Research Control Institute, Ahmet Sefik Kolaylı Street, Ankara, 06100, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Filazi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Sehit Omer Halisdemir Street., Ankara, 06110, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The Twice-Oxidized Graphene Oxide/Gold Nanoparticles Composite SERS Substrate for Sensitive Detection of Clenbuterol Residues in Animal-Origin Food Samples. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01709-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
9
|
Zhang X, Wen J, Lian L, Ma X, Wang X, Lou D. Synthesis of 3D magnetic porous carbon derived from a metal–organic framework for the extraction of clenbuterol and ractopamine from mutton samples. Analyst 2020; 145:5011-5018. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00566e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of MIL-100(Fe)-derived MPC and its application for the MSPE of CLB and RAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Zhang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
- Jilin 132022
- PR China
| | - Jianan Wen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
- Jilin 132022
- PR China
| | - Lili Lian
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
- Jilin 132022
- PR China
| | - Xianhong Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
- Jilin 132022
- PR China
| | - Xiyue Wang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
- Jilin 132022
- PR China
| | - Dawei Lou
- Department of Analytical Chemistry
- Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
- Jilin 132022
- PR China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Recent Advances and Trends in Applications of Solid-Phase Extraction Techniques in Food and Environmental Analysis. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03726-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|