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Wang Y, Liu S. Remarkable Enhancement of Antioxidant Activity of the Ovalbumin-EGCG Conjugate through a Novel Preceding Selective Protection Grafting Strategy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13320-13327. [PMID: 38819406 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c01187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Conventional radical grafting of proteins with catechins consumed the most antioxidant-active hydroxyls during grafting, thus failing to effectively retain antioxidant activity in conjugates. In this study, a novel strategy of selective protection of the most reactive hydroxyls before grafting was developed to preserve the most reactive hydroxyls and effectively retain antioxidant activity in conjugates. Selective protection of the most reactive hydroxyls of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) was successfully realized in a yield of 87% applying trimethyl orthopropionate and catalytic calcium triflate at 40 °C. The novel ovalbumin (OVA)-EGCG conjugate with 93% grafting ratio was prepared by radical grafting with the selectively protected EGCG and subsequent deprotection. Substantially enhanced antioxidant performance of the novel OVA-EGCG conjugate in liposomes was unveiled with notably reduced curcumin degradation and leakage. The strategy and approaches developed in this study will be valuable to effectively improve the antioxidant activities of protein-catechin grafting conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Wang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Songbai Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
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2
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Xuan T, Liu Y, Liu R, Liu S, Han J, Bai X, Wu J, Fan R. Advances in Extraction, Purification, and Analysis Techniques of the Main Components of Kudzu Root: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules 2023; 28:6577. [PMID: 37764353 PMCID: PMC10535729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kudzu root (Pueraria lobate (Willd.) Ohwi, KR) is an edible plant with rich nutritional and medicinal values. Over the past few decades, an ample variety of biological effects of Pueraria isoflavone have been evaluated. Evidence has shown that Pueraria isoflavone can play an active role in antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotection, and cardiovascular protection. Over 50 isoflavones in kudzu root have been identified, including puerarin, daidzein, daidzin, 3'-hydroxy puerarin, and genistein, each with unambiguous structures. However, the application of these isoflavones in the development of functional food and health food still depends on the extraction, purification and identification technology of Pueraria isoflavone. In recent years, many green and novel extraction, purification, and identification techniques have been developed for the preparation of Pueraria isoflavone. This review provides an updated overview of these techniques, specifically for isoflavones in KR since 2018, and also discusses and compares the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques in depth. The intention is to provide a research basis for the green and efficient extraction, purification, and identification of Pueraria isoflavone and offers investigators a valuable reference for future studies on the KR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jie Wu
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (R.L.); (S.L.); (J.H.); (X.B.)
| | - Ronghua Fan
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China; (T.X.); (Y.L.); (R.L.); (S.L.); (J.H.); (X.B.)
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3
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Wang Y, Xi X, Wang L, Chen Y. HPTLC-Bioluminescent Bioautography Screening of Herbal Teas for Adulteration with Hypolipidemic Drugs. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:392. [PMID: 36979604 PMCID: PMC10046383 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Teas based on nutraceutical herbs are an effective tool against hyperlipidemia. However, the adulteration with chemical drugs is frequently detected. By coupling bioluminescent bioautography with high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), we developed a facile method suitable for screening hypolipidemic drugs (ciprofibrate and bezafibrate) adulteration in five different herbal teas (lotus leaf, Apocynum, Ginkgo biloba, Gynostemia and chrysanthemum). First, the sensitivity of a bioluminescent bacteria to the analyte was evaluated on different HPTLC layer materials, revealing that the best performance was achieved on the silica gel layer. On this basis, sample extracts were separated on silica gel plates via a standardized HPTLC procedure, forming a selective detection window for the targeted compound. Then, the separation results were rapidly visualized by the bioluminescence inhibition of bacteria cells within 6 min after dipping. The observed inhibition displayed an acceptable limit of detection (<20 ng/zone or 2 mg/kg) and linearity (R2 ≥ 0.9279) within a wide concentration range (50-1000 ng/zone). Furthermore, the optimized method was performed with artificially adulterated samples and the recovery rates were determined to be within the range of 71% to 91%, bracing its practical reliability. Showing superiorly high simplicity, throughput and specificity, this work demonstrated that the analytical method jointly based on HPTLC and bioautography was an ideal tool for screening bioactive compounds in complex biological matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xingjun Xi
- Sub-Institute of Agricultural Food Standardization, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Liao Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yisheng Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030801, China
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4
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Huang S, Qiu R, Fang Z, Min K, van Beek TA, Ma M, Chen B, Zuilhof H, Salentijn GIJ. Semiquantitative Screening of THC Analogues by Silica Gel TLC with an Ag(I) Retention Zone and Chromogenic Smartphone Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:13710-13718. [PMID: 36178203 PMCID: PMC9558087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the ever-evolving cannabis industry, low-cost and high-throughput analytical methods for cannabinoids are urgently needed. Normally, (potentially) psychoactive cannabinoids, typically represented by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC), and nonpsychoactive cannabinoids with therapeutic benefits, typically represented by cannabidiol (CBD), are the target analytes. Structurally, the former (tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), cannabinol (CBN), and THC) have one olefinic double bond and the latter (cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), cannabigerol (CBG), and CBD) have two, which results in different affinities toward Ag(I) ions. Thus, a silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plate with the lower third impregnated with Ag(I) ions enabled within minutes a digital chromatographic separation of strongly retained CBD analogues and poorly retained THC analogues. The resolution (Rs) between the closest two spots from the two groups was 4.7, which is almost 8 times higher than the resolution on unmodified TLC. After applying Fast Blue BB as a chromogenic reagent, smartphone-based color analysis enabled semiquantification of the total percentage of THC analogues (with a limit of detection (LOD) of 11 ng for THC, 54 ng for CBN, and 50 ng for THCA when the loaded volume is 1.0 μL). The method was validated by analyzing mixed cannabis extracts and cannabis extracts. The results correlated with those of high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) (R2 = 0.97), but the TLC approach had the advantages of multi-minute analysis time, high throughput, low solvent consumption, portability, and ease of interpretation. In a desiccator, Ag(I)-TLC plates can be stored for at least 3 months. Therefore, this method would allow rapid distinction between high and low THC varieties of cannabis, with the potential for on-site applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China,Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Ruiying Qiu
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China
| | - Zhengfa Fang
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China
| | - Ke Min
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China
| | - Teris A. van Beek
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen6708 WE, The Netherlands
| | - Ming Ma
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China,
| | - Han Zuilhof
- Key
Laboratory of Phytochemical R&D of Hunan Province and Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology & Traditional Chinese Medicine Research of
Ministry of Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha410081, China,Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen6708 WE, The Netherlands,Department
of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah21589, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Gert IJ. Salentijn
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Wageningen University, Wageningen6708 WE, The Netherlands,Wageningen
Food Safety Research (WFSR), Wageningen
University & Research, Wageningen6700 AE, The Netherlands,
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Zhu J, Cheng H, Zhou M, Li S, Tang T, Feng J. Determining three isoflavones from Pueraria lobata using magnetic ZIF-8 nanoparticle-based solid-phase extraction and pressurized capillary electrochromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 212:114592. [PMID: 35202945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, magnetic functionalized ZIF-8 nanoparticles were prepared by electrostatic self-assembly using magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as cores and ZIF-8 as shells. ZIF-8 was used as the adsorbent to efficiently extract and sensitively analyze isoflavones due to its positive charge and strong adsorption capacity. Prepared samples were investigated by SEM and TEM, BET and ζ-potential analyses, FT-IR spectroscopy, powder XRD, and vibrating sample magnetism (VSM) experiments. The synthesized ZIF-8 has a dodecahedral structure that adsorbs well. Magnetic functionalized ZIF-8/Fe3O4 @SiO2 nanoparticles were prepared as a new SPE adsorbent, and a magnetic ZIF-8-pressurized capillary electrochromatography (pCEC) method was developed to separate and detect puerarin, daidzin, and daidzein (isoflavones) from Pueraria lobata by optimizing the extraction conditions, including adsorbent dosage, salt concentration, extraction time, desorption conditions, and other parameters. The developed method exhibited good linearities in the 50-2000 μg/mL concentration range for the three isoflavones, with coefficients of determination of 0.9934-0.9962. The limits of detection (LODs) for puerarin, daidzin, and daidzein were determined to be 0.02, 0.03, and 0.03 μg/mL, respectively. All analytes showed average recoveries in the 98.5-100.3% range, with relative standard deviations (RSDs, n = 6) of less than 4.0%. The developed method is convenient, enriches effectively, and shows good applications prospects for separating and analyzing components in Chinese herbal medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqing Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, School of Medicine/ College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, School of Medicine/ College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Menglin Zhou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, School of Medicine/ College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Shiying Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, School of Medicine/ College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, P. R. China
| | - Tingfan Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, School of Medicine/ College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, P. R. China.
| | - Jun Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, School of Medicine/ College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi, P. R. China.
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Chen Y, Chen Q, Wei X. Separable surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy sensor platformed by HPTLC for facile screening of malachite green in fish. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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7
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Garcia-Llatas G, Alegría A, Barberá R, Cilla A. Current methodologies for phytosterol analysis in foods. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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de Moraes Ramos RT, Santana MAD, Sousa PA, Assunção Ferreira MR, dos Santos WP, Lira Soares LA. Multivariate regression and artificial neural network to predict phenolic content in Schinus terebinthifolius stem bark through TLC images. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2021.1932521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rhayanne Thaís de Moraes Ramos
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Therapeutic Innovation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Andrade Sousa
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Therapeutic Innovation, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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9
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HPTLC-Densitometry Screening and Mass Identification of Fluorescent Whitening Agents Contamination in Cereal Flour. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01935-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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10
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Zhao Z, Liu Z, Mao X. Biotechnological Advances in Lycopene β-Cyclases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11895-11907. [PMID: 33073992 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene β-cyclase is one of the key enzymes in the biosynthesis of carotenoids, which catalyzes the β-cyclization of both ends of lycopene to produce β-carotene. Lycopene β-cyclases are found in a wide range of sources, mainly plants and microorganisms. Lycopene β-cyclases have been extensively studied for their important catalytic activity, including for use in genetic engineering to modify plants and microorganisms, as a blocking target for lycopene industrial production strains, and for their genetic and physiological effects related to microorganic and plant biological traits. This review of lycopene β-cyclases summarizes the major studies on their basic classification, functional activity, metabolic engineering, and plant science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Xu L, Liu S. Forecasting structure of natural products through color formation process by thin layer chromatography. Food Chem 2020; 334:127496. [PMID: 32711264 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
With booming of computer technology, it is feasible to quantitatively extract valuable information from readily available image of objects, which dramatically reduces the cost and improves the efficiency. In this work, a structural classification method, based on data extracted from color formation process on thin layer chromatography (TLC) plates through computer processing, was established for natural products. Representative natural products exhibited good clustering and separation according to the extracted color feature, and structure of natural products can be classified by the distribution region in the color system. This method provides structural information for typical types of natural products directly from the formed color on TLC, which is very efficient and make portable device-based structure analysis of natural products possible. In addition, a general mechanism of color formation was proposed. This method is free from special instrument, high-throughput, and would facilitate large-scale screening of bioactives from natural sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujing Xu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Songbai Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang R & D Center for Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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