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Siddique AB, Hosen MS, Akter H, Hossain SM, Al Mamun M. Assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among older individuals of rural Bangladesh: findings from a face-to-face interview. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1336531. [PMID: 38855451 PMCID: PMC11157036 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1336531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) stand as the foremost contributor to global mortality, claiming roughly 17.9 million lives each year, constituting 32.1% of total fatalities. Their impact is notably profound in economies such as Bangladesh, exacting a substantial economic burden. Consequently, grasping the landscape of knowledge, attitudes, and practices is essential for timely identification and prevention strategies. Methods This cross-sectional study, carried out between January and May 2023 in the rural regions of Zirani, Savar Upazila, Dhaka, Bangladesh, utilized convenient sampling and conducted face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. It encompassed socio-demographic factors, as well as knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning CVDs. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and regression analyses, utilizing both the R programming language and SPSS (Version 26). Result A total of 424 participants aged 60 years and above were included. The majority were male (60.8%), and the mean age was 71.21 ± 9.21 years, 57.3% were between 60 and 70 years old. Factors such as education, monthly family income, high blood pressure, diabetes, and non-smoking. Were significantly associated with higher knowledge, attitudes and practices scores. Conclusion This study illuminates CVD-related KAP among rural Older Individuals in Bangladesh, revealing significant associations between factors such as education, monthly family income, high blood pressure, and non-smoking, with higher scores in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular health. These insights underscore the importance of addressing socio-economic factors and health behaviors in developing targeted interventions for the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases in this demographic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Bakkar Siddique
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Centre for Advanced Research Excellence in Public Health, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- International Centre for Research, Innovation, Training and Development (ICRITD), Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- AMR Reference Laboratory (Research), Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Health and Environmental Epidemiology Laboratory (HEEL), Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shohag Hosen
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Hasna Akter
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Syed Mujakkir Hossain
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Al Mamun
- Department of Public Health and Informatics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Yahya T, Jilani MH, Khan SU, Mszar R, Hassan SZ, Blaha MJ, Blankstein R, Virani SS, Johansen MC, Vahidy F, Cainzos-Achirica M, Nasir K. Stroke in young adults: Current trends, opportunities for prevention and pathways forward. Am J Prev Cardiol 2020; 3:100085. [PMID: 34327465 PMCID: PMC8315351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the US and elsewhere, and stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite recent success in diminishing stroke incidence in the general US population, in parallel there is now a concerning propensity for strokes to happen at younger ages. Specifically, the incidence of stroke for US adults 20-44 years of age increased from 17 per 100,000 US adults in 1993 to 28 per 100,000 in 2015. Occurrence of strokes in young adults is particularly problematic as these patients are often affected by physical disability, depression, cognitive impairment and loss of productivity, all of which have vast personal, social and economic implications. These concerning trends among young adults are likely due to increasing trends in the prevalence of modifiable risk factors amongst this population including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity and diabetes, highlighting the importance of early detection and aggressive prevention strategies in the general population at early ages. In parallel and compounding to the issue, troublesome trends are evident regarding increasing rates of substance abuse among young adults. Higher rates of strokes have been noted particularly among young African Americans, indicating the need for tailored prevention and social efforts targeting this and other vulnerable groups, including the primordial prevention of risk factors in the first place, reducing stroke rates in the presence of prevalent risk factors such as hypertension, and improving outcomes through enhanced healthcare access. In this narrative review we aim to emphasize the importance of stroke in young adults as a growing public health issue and increase awareness among clinicians and the public health sector. For this purpose, we summarize the available data on stroke in young adults and discuss the underlying epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, prognosis and opportunities for timely prevention of stroke specifically at young ages. Furthermore, this review highlights the gaps in knowledge and proposes future directions moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamer Yahya
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention & Wellness, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Safi U. Khan
- Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Reed Mszar
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Syed Zawahir Hassan
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention & Wellness, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael J. Blaha
- Ciccarone Center of the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ron Blankstein
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Salim S. Virani
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Farhaan Vahidy
- Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention & Wellness, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention & Wellness, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
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Foraker RE, Shoben AB, Kelley MM, Lai AM, Lopetegui MA, Jackson RD, Langan MA, Payne PR. Electronic health record-based assessment of cardiovascular health: The stroke prevention in healthcare delivery environments (SPHERE) study. Prev Med Rep 2016; 4:303-8. [PMID: 27486559 PMCID: PMC4959947 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
< 3% of Americans have ideal cardiovascular health (CVH). The primary care encounter provides a setting in which to conduct patient-provider discussions of CVH. We implemented a CVH risk assessment, visualization, and decision-making tool that automatically populates with electronic health record (EHR) data during the encounter in order to encourage patient-centered CVH discussions among at-risk, yet under-treated, populations. We quantified five of the seven CVH behaviors and factors that were available in The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center's EHR at baseline (May–July 2013) and compared values to those ascertained at one-year (May–July 2014) among intervention (n = 109) and control (n = 42) patients. The CVH of women in the intervention clinic improved relative to the metrics of body mass index (16% to 21% ideal) and diabetes (62% to 68% ideal), but not for smoking, total cholesterol, or blood pressure. Meanwhile, the CVH of women in the control clinic either held constant or worsened slightly as measured using those same metrics. Providers need easy-to-use tools at the point-of-care to help patients improve CVH. We demonstrated that the EHR could deliver such a tool using an existing American Heart Association framework, and we noted small improvements in CVH in our patient population. Future work is needed to assess how to best harness the potential of such tools in order to have the greatest impact on the CVH of a larger patient population. Use and adoption of health information technology advances quality in patient care. Healthcare systems need tools to enhance primary prevention at the point-of-care. Providers and patients have shared accountability for population health metrics.
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Key Words
- 95% CI, 95% confidence interval
- ACC, American College of Cardiology
- AHA, American Heart Association
- CDS, clinical decision support
- CVH, cardiovascular health
- Disease management
- EHR, electronic health record
- GEE, generalized estimation equation
- Health outcomes
- Medical informatics
- OSUWMC, Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center
- Prevention
- Primary care
- SD, standard deviation
- SPHERE, stroke prevention in healthcare delivery environments
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Affiliation(s)
- Randi E. Foraker
- The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
- Corresponding author at: The Ohio State University College of Public Health, 1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, United States.The Ohio State University College of Public Health1841 Neil AvenueColumbusOH43210United States
| | - Abigail B. Shoben
- The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Marjorie M. Kelley
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Albert M. Lai
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Marcelo A. Lopetegui
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
- Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rebecca D. Jackson
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Michael A. Langan
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
| | - Philip R.O. Payne
- The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
- The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, United States
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Paradigms of Lifestyle Medicine and Wellness. LIFESTYLE MEDICINE 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-24687-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Shay CM, Gooding HS, Murillo R, Foraker R. Understanding and Improving Cardiovascular Health: An Update on the American Heart Association's Concept of Cardiovascular Health. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2015; 58:41-9. [PMID: 25958016 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The American Heart Association's 2020 Strategic Impact Goal is "By 2020, to improve the cardiovascular health of all Americans by 20% while reducing deaths from cardiovascular diseases and stroke by 20%." To monitor progress towards this goal, a new construct "ideal cardiovascular health" (iCVH) was defined that includes the simultaneous presence of optimal levels of seven health behaviors (physical activity, smoking, dietary intake, and body mass index) and factors (total cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose). In this review, we present a summary of major concepts related to the concept of iCVH and an update of the literature in this area since publication of the 2020 Strategic Impact Goal, including trends in iCVH prevalence, new determinants and outcomes related to iCVH, strategies for maintaining or improving iCVH, policy implications of the iCVH model, and the remaining challenges to reaching the 2020 Strategic Impact Goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Shay
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Holly S Gooding
- Division of Adolescent/Young Adult Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosenda Murillo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Learning Sciences, College of Education, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Randi Foraker
- Division of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Kite BJ, Tangasi W, Kelley M, Bower JK, Foraker RE. Electronic Medical Records and Their Use in Health Promotion and Population Research of Cardiovascular Disease. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR RISK REPORTS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-014-0422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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