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Ng JKM, Choi PCL, Chow C, Li JJX, To KF. PRAME expression in genital melanocytic lesions - Potential diagnostic pitfall of intermediate expression in atypical genital nevi. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155404. [PMID: 38878667 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) immunostain has seen significant diagnostic use in confirming malignancy for melanocytic lesions. However, the expression of PRAME in genital melanocytic lesions have not been reported. In this study, PRAME staining was performed on a cohort of genital melanocytic lesions, aiming to investigate the diagnostic role of PRAME in genital melanocytic lesions and its expression in atypical genital nevi. METHODOLOGY A cohort including genital invasive melanoma, melanoma-in-situ, atypical genital nevus (AGN), compound nevus, intradermal nevus, blue nevus, lentigo and melanosis was retrieved with histology reviewed and PRAME immunostaining performed. RESULTS A total of 66 cases were reviewed. The average proportion expression of PRAME were 56.75 % and 57.43 % for invasive melanoma and melanoma-in-situ, with average H-scores of 153.5/300 and 163.14/300 respectively, which were greater than AGN (3.25 %, 7.75/300, p<0.001), compound/intradermal nevi, lentigo/melanosis, and background junctional melanocytes (<1 %, <1/300, p<0.001). The different cutoffs of PRAME expression, the sensitivity and specificity were 65.22 % and 100 % (>100/300); 69.57 % and 95.83 % (>10/300); and 82.61 % and 93.75 % (≥1/300) respectively. Low level PRAME expression was seen in half of the cases of AGN (n=2/4, 50 %), and at low cutoffs (>10/300 and ≥1/300) unable to differentiate invasive melanoma from AGN (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS For genital melanocytic lesions, PRAME immunostain shows high specificity at strong and diffuse staining. AGN not uncommonly display low level expression. Focal and/or weak PRAME expression should not be considered as an absolute indication of malignancy, and comprehensive histological assessment remains the key to accurate diagnosis of melanocytic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Ka Man Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Paul Cheung Lung Choi
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chit Chow
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joshua Jing Xi Li
- Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Ka Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Yang J, Chen M, Ye J, Ma H. Targeting PRAME for acute myeloid leukemia therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1378277. [PMID: 38596687 PMCID: PMC11002138 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1378277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite significant progress in targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), clinical outcomes are disappointing for elderly patients, patients with less fit disease characteristics, and patients with adverse disease risk characteristics. Over the past 10 years, adaptive T-cell immunotherapy has been recognized as a strategy for treating various malignant tumors. However, it has faced significant challenges in AML, primarily because myeloid blasts do not contain unique surface antigens. The preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer-testis antigen, is abnormally expressed in AML and does not exist in normal hematopoietic cells. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that PRAME is a useful target for treating AML. This paper reviews the structure and function of PRAME, its effects on normal cells and AML blasts, its implications in prognosis and follow-up, and its use in antigen-specific immunotherapy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjun Yang
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengran Chen
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Dermatology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongbing Ma
- Department of Hematology and Institute of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Fujii S, Ishida M, Komura K, Nishimura K, Tsujino T, Saito T, Taniguchi Y, Murakawa T, Azuma H, Hirose Y. Expression of Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma, a Cancer/Testis Antigen, in Carcinoma In Situ of the Urinary Tract. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3636. [PMID: 38132219 PMCID: PMC10742698 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13243636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the urinary tract comprises 1-3% of all urothelial malignancies and is often a precursor to muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (UC). This study aimed to examine the expression profiles of preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer/testis antigen, and assess its diagnostic and therapeutic applications in CIS, given that its expression in UC has been minimally studied and has not yet been analyzed in CIS. We selected consecutive patients with CIS who underwent biopsy and/or transurethral tumor resection at the Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital. Immunohistochemical staining for PRAME and p53 was performed. Overall, 53 patients with CIS (6 females and 47 males) were included. Notably, PRAME expression was observed in 23 of the 53 patients (43.4%), whereas it was absent in the non-neoplastic urothelial epithelium. Furthermore, no correlation was found between PRAME expression and aberrant p53 expression. Therefore, PRAME expression may serve as a useful marker for CIS of the urinary tract. Furthermore, PRAME may be a candidate for the novel therapeutic target for standard treatment-refractory CIS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Fujii
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan; (S.F.)
| | - Mitsuaki Ishida
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan; (S.F.)
| | - Kazumasa Komura
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
- Translational Research Program, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nishimura
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Tsujino
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohito Saito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yohei Taniguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Murakawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1, Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhito Azuma
- Department of Urology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Hirose
- Department of Pathology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki City 569-8686, Osaka, Japan; (S.F.)
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Gelmi MC, Gezgin G, van der Velden PA, Luyten GPM, Luk SJ, Heemskerk MHM, Jager MJ. PRAME Expression: A Target for Cancer Immunotherapy and a Prognostic Factor in Uveal Melanoma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:36. [PMID: 38149971 PMCID: PMC10755595 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare disease with a high mortality, and new therapeutic options are being investigated. Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer testis antigen, expressed in the testis, but also in cancers, including uveal melanoma. PRAME is considered a target for immune therapy in several cancers, and PRAME-specific T cell clones have been shown to kill UM cells. Methods We studied the literature on PRAME expression in hematological and solid malignancies, including UM, and its role as a target for immunotherapy. The distribution of tumor features was compared between PRAME-high and PRAME-low UM in a 64-patient cohort from the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) and in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort of 80 cases and differential gene expression analysis was performed in the LUMC cohort. Results PRAME is expressed in many malignancies, it is frequently associated with a negative prognosis, and can be the target of T cell receptor (TCR)-transduced T cells, a promising treatment option with high avidity and safety. In UM, PRAME is expressed in 26% to 45% of cases and is correlated with a worse prognosis. In the LUMC and the TCGA cohorts, high PRAME expression was associated with larger diameter, higher Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage, more frequent gain of chromosome 8q, and an inflammatory phenotype. Conclusions We confirm that PRAME is associated with poor prognosis in UM and has a strong connection with extra copies of 8q. We show that PRAME-specific immunotherapy in an adjuvant setting is promising in treatment of malignancies, including UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chiara Gelmi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gulçin Gezgin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Sietse J. Luk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Martine J. Jager
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ng JK, Choi PC, Chow C, Li JJ, Chan AW, Cheung CM, Ip EC, Ng H, To K. PRAME immunostain expression in sebaceous lesions, cutaneous carcinomas and adnexal structures. Pathology 2022; 54:721-728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Bui CM, Kitahara S, Shon W, Pukhalskaya T, Smoller BR. Lack of PRAME Expression in Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas. Dermatopathology (Basel) 2021; 9:11-16. [PMID: 35076507 PMCID: PMC8788415 DOI: 10.3390/dermatopathology9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are rare tumors with no established markers that can reliably distinguish between benign and malignant lesions. Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer/testis antigen that is found in many solid and hematologic malignancies. PRAME overexpression typically portends a poor prognosis and lower chemotherapeutic response. To date, no studies have established a role for PRAME in CTCL. An analysis was performed on 47 cases definitively diagnosed as CTCL: 25 cases of mycosis fungoides, 2 of Sezary syndrome, 5 of CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorder, 7 of primary cutaneous anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma, 3 of primary cutaneous CD4+ small/medium T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, 1 of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma, and 4 of angiocentric T-cell lymphoma. PRAME immunohistochemistry was completely negative in all cases. PRAME expression was not found in any CTCL subtypes, suggesting that the pathogenesis of CTCL is not mediated by PRAME. Further study is required to identify biomarkers that might aid in the diagnosis and prognostication of CTCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau M. Bui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.K.); (W.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-310-423-3426
| | - Sumire Kitahara
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.K.); (W.S.)
| | - Wonwoo Shon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (S.K.); (W.S.)
| | - Tatsiana Pukhalskaya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.P.); (B.R.S.)
| | - Bruce R. Smoller
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA; (T.P.); (B.R.S.)
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Diffuse PRAME Expression Is Highly Specific for Thin Melanomas in the Distinction from Severely Dysplastic Nevi but Does Not Distinguish Metastasizing from Non-Metastasizing Thin Melanomas. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153864. [PMID: 34359765 PMCID: PMC8345662 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Histological diagnoses within the spectrum from moderately dysplastic nevi to thin melanomas are neither accurate nor reproducible, emphasizing the need for more objective supplemental immunohistochemical markers. PRAME immunohistochemistry aids in differentiating unequivocal melanomas from unequivocal nevi. The aim of our study was to determine whether PRAME IHC also allows differentiation of severely dysplastic nevi from thin melanomas and whether PRAME is of prognostic significance in thin melanomas. We studied 70 thin melanomas, of which 35 metastasized and 35 did not metastasize and 35 severely dysplastic nevi. We found that diffuse PRAME expression was highly specific but only moderately sensitive for thin melanomas. Melanomas and severely dysplastic nevi with PRAME immunoreactivity had different staining patterns. Most Melanomas demonstrated diffuse PRAME staining of intraepidermal and dermal melanocytes while most severely dysplastic nevi showed a decreasing gradient with depth. PRAME did not allow for the differentiation of metastasizing and non-metastasizing melanomas. Abstract Background: PReferentially expressed Antigen in MElanoma (PRAME) immunohistochemistry is increasingly used as diagnostic adjunct in the evaluation of melanocytic tumors. The expression and prognostic significance of PRAME in melanomas ≤1.0 mm and its diagnostic utility in the distinction from severely dysplastic compound nevi (SDN) have not been studied. Methods: We investigated and compared the immunohistochemical PRAME expression in 70 matched thin metastasizing and non-metastasizing melanomas and 45 nevi from patients with long-term follow-up (35 SDN and 10 unequivocally benign compound nevi). Results: Diffuse PRAME staining in >75% of lesional epidermal and dermal melanocytes identified 58.6% of thin melanomas but did not distinguish metastasizing from non-metastasizing melanomas (p = 0.81). A superficial atypical melanocytic proliferation of uncertain significance, in which the final diagnostic interpretation favored a SDN was the only nevus with diffuse PRAME expression (1/45). Melanomas and SDN with PRAME immunoreactivity exhibited different staining patterns. Most melanomas (67.6%) showed uniform PRAME expression in the in situ and invasive component, whereas most SDN (81.0%) showed a decreasing gradient with depth. Conclusion: Diffuse intraepidermal and dermal PRAME staining is highly specific for melanomas in the distinction from SDN. PRAME expression is not a prognostic biomarker in melanomas ≤1.0 mm.
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Faumont N, Taoui O, Collares D, Jais JP, Leroy K, Prévaud L, Jardin F, Molina TJ, Copie-Bergman C, Petit B, Gourin MP, Bordessoule D, Troutaud D, Baud V, Feuillard J. c-Rel Is the Pivotal NF-κB Subunit in Germinal Center Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A LYSA Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:638897. [PMID: 33959502 PMCID: PMC8095348 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.638897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between c-Rel and GCB-DLBCLs remain unclear. We found that strong c-Rel DNA-binding activity was mostly found in GCBs on two independent series of 48 DLBCLs and 66 DLBCLs, the latter issued from the GHEDI series. c-Rel DNA-binding activity was associated with increased REL mRNA expression. Extending the study to the whole GHEDI and Lenz DLBCL published series of 202 and 233 cases, it was found that the c-Rel gene expression profile (GEP) overlapped partially (12%) but only with the GCB GEP and not with the GEP of ABC-DLBCLs. Cases with both overexpression of REL mRNA and c-Rel GEP were defined as those having a c-Rel signature. These cases were GCBs in 88 and 83% of the GHEDI or Lenz's DLBCL series respectively. The c-Rel signature was also associated with various recurrent GCB-DLBCL genetic events, including REL gains, BCL2 translocation, MEF2B, EZH2, CREBBP, and TNFRSF14 mutations and with the EZB GCB genetic subtype. By CGH array, the c-Rel signature was specifically correlated with 2p15-16.1 amplification that includes XPO1, BCL11A, and USP34 and with the 22q11.22 deletion that covers IGLL5 and PRAME. The total number of gene copy number aberrations, so-called genomic imbalance complexity, was decreased in cases with the c-Rel signature. These cases exhibited a better overall survival. Functionally, overexpression of c-Rel induced its constitutive nuclear localization and protected cells against apoptosis while its repression tended to increase cell death. These results show that, clinically and biologically, c-Rel is the pivotal NF-κB subunit in the GCB-DLBCL subgroup. Functionally, c-Rel overexpression could directly promote DLBCL tumorigenesis without need for further activation signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Faumont
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Oussama Taoui
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Davi Collares
- Université de Paris, NF-κappaB, Differentiation and Cancer, Paris, France
| | | | - Karen Leroy
- UMRS1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris Descartes University, CARPEM, Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Cochin Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Léa Prévaud
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Fabrice Jardin
- Inserm U1245 and Department of Henri-Becquerel Hematology Center and Normandie Univ UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Thierry J Molina
- Université de Paris, NF-κappaB, Differentiation and Cancer, Paris, France.,Pathology Department, Necker Hospital, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Barbara Petit
- Pathology Department, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Gourin
- Regional Reference Structure of Limousin Lymphomas, Clinical Hematology Department, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Dominique Bordessoule
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France.,Regional Reference Structure of Limousin Lymphomas, Clinical Hematology Department, CHU of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | | | - Véronique Baud
- Université de Paris, NF-κappaB, Differentiation and Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Jean Feuillard
- CNRS UMR-7276, INSERM U1262, CRIBL, University of Limoges, and Hematology Laboratory of Dupuytren Hospital University Center (CHU) of Limoges, Limoges, France
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Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of PRAME Overexpression in Human Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:8828579. [PMID: 33381588 PMCID: PMC7748905 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8828579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) is abnormally expressed in various solid tumours. However, the clinicopathological features and prognostic value of the PRAME expression in patients with cancer remain unclear. Accordingly, we performed a meta-analysis to accurately assess the association of the expression level of PRAME with clinicopathological features and cancer prognosis. Relevant study collection was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase until 28 February 2020. A total of 14 original studies involving 2,421 patients were included. Our data indicated that the PRAME expression was significantly associated with tumour stage (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.48–2.67, P < 0.001) and positive lymph node metastasis (OR = 3.14, 95% CI: 1.99–4.97, P < 0.001). Pooled results showed that overexpression of PRAME is positively correlated with poor disease-free survival (HR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.36–1.88, P < 0.001), progression-free survival (HR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.02–3.46, P = 0.042), metastasis-free survival (HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.05–3.31, P = 0.034), and overall survival (HR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.53–1.99, P < 0.001). In summary, these data are suggesting that PRAME is tumorigenic and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for cancer.
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Taniguchi Y, Ishida M, Saito T, Ryota H, Utsumi T, Maru N, Matsui H, Hino H, Tsuta K, Murakawa T. Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma as a novel diagnostic marker differentiating thymic squamous cell carcinoma from thymoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12286. [PMID: 32704057 PMCID: PMC7378236 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Thymic squamous cell carcinoma (TSQCC), accounting for 70-80% of thymic carcinoma cases, is distinct from thymoma. However, differential diagnosis for type B3 thymoma is sometimes challenging, even with established markers for TSQCC, including KIT and CD5, which are expressed in ~ 80% of TSQCCs and ~ 3% of thymomas. Novel TSQCC-specific markers would facilitate precise diagnosis and optimal treatment. Herein, we found that preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) may be a novel TSQCC-specific diagnostic marker. We comprehensively profiled 770 immune-related mRNAs in 10 patients with TSQCC and two healthy controls, showing that PRAME and KIT were significantly upregulated in TSQCC (adjusted p values = 0.045 and 0.0011, respectively). We then examined PRAME expression in 17 TSQCCs and 116 thymomas via immunohistochemistry. All 17 (100%) TSQCCs displayed diffuse and strong PRAME expression, whereas eight of 116 (6.8%) thymomas displayed focal and weak expression (p < 0.0001). KIT and CD5 were positive in 17 (100%) and 16 (94.1%) TSQCCs, respectively, whereas one (0.9%) type B3 thymoma showed double positivity for KIT and CD5. The KIT-/CD5-positive type B3 thymoma was negative for PRAME. Thus, combinatorial evaluation of PRAME with KIT and CD5 may facilitate a more precise diagnosis of TSQCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Taniguchi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Ishida
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tomohito Saito
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hironori Ryota
- Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Takahiro Utsumi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Natsumi Maru
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Matsui
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Haruaki Hino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Koji Tsuta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Murakawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.
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Xu Y, Zou R, Wang J, Wang ZW, Zhu X. The role of the cancer testis antigen PRAME in tumorigenesis and immunotherapy in human cancer. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12770. [PMID: 32022332 PMCID: PMC7106952 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), which belongs to the cancer/testis antigen (CTA) gene family, plays a pivotal role in multiple cellular processes and immunotherapy response in human cancers. PRAME is highly expressed in different types of cancers and is involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and metastasis as well as the outcomes of patients with cancer. In this review article, we discuss the potential roles and physiological functions of PRAME in various types of cancers. Moreover, this review highlights immunotherapeutic strategies that target PRAME in human malignancies. Therefore, the modulation of PRAME might be useful for the treatment of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Xu
- Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruanmin Zou
- Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Departmant of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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12
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Zhao S, Fang S, Liu Y, Li X, Liao S, Chen J, Liu J, Zhao L, Li H, Zhou W, Shen W, Dong X, Xiang R, Wang L, Zhao Y. The long non-coding RNA NONHSAG026900 predicts prognosis as a favorable biomarker in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:34374-34386. [PMID: 28423735 PMCID: PMC5470975 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs are known to be involved in cancer progression, but their biological functions and prognostic values are still largely unexplored in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In this study, long non-coding RNAs expression was characterized in 1,403 samples including normal and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma by repurposing 7 microarray datasets. Compared with any stage of normal B cells, NONHSAG026900 expression was significantly decreased in tumor samples. And in germinal center B-cell subtype, the significantly higher expression of NONHSAG026900 indicated it was a favorable prognosis biomarker. Then the prognostic power of NONHSAG026900 was validated with another independent dataset and NONHSAG026900 improved the predictive power of International Prognostic Index as an independent factor. Moreover, functional prediction and validation demonstrated that NONHSAG026900 could inhibit cell cycle activity to restrain tumor proliferation. These findings identified NONHSAG026900 as a novel prognostic biomarker and offered a new therapeutic target for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangtao Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangsang Fang
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Tianjin, China
| | - Xixi Li
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Pathology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengyou Liao
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinwen Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjia Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianhe Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhi Shen
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoli Dong
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- The School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,The Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Tianjin, China
| | - Luhua Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing, Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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13
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Schmidt-Hansen M, Berendse S, Marafioti T, McNamara C. Does cell-of-origin or MYC, BCL2 or BCL6 translocation status provide prognostic information beyond the International Prognostic Index score in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab and chemotherapy? A systematic review. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:2403-2418. [DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1287364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Schmidt-Hansen
- National Guideline Alliance, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, London, UK
| | - Sabine Berendse
- National Guideline Alliance, Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, London, UK
| | - Teresa Marafioti
- Department of Histopathology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
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14
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Coiffier B, Sarkozy C. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: R-CHOP failure-what to do? HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2016; 2016:366-378. [PMID: 27913503 PMCID: PMC6142522 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2016.1.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Although rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), ∼30% to 50% of patients are not cured by this treatment, depending on disease stage or prognostic index. Among patients for whom R-CHOP therapy fails, 20% suffer from primary refractory disease (progress during or right after treatment) whereas 30% relapse after achieving complete remission (CR). Currently, there is no good definition enabling us to identify these 2 groups upon diagnosis. Most of the refractory patients exhibit double-hit lymphoma (MYC-BCL2 rearrangement) or double-protein-expression lymphoma (MYC-BCL2 hyperexpression) which have a more aggressive clinical picture. New strategies are currently being explored to obtain better CR rates and fewer relapses. Although young relapsing patients are treated with high-dose therapy followed by autologous transplant, there is an unmet need for better salvage regimens in this setting. To prevent relapse, maintenance therapy with immunomodulatory agents such as lenalidomide is currently undergoing investigation. New drugs will most likely be introduced over the next few years and will probably be different for relapsing and refractory patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Coiffier
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Clémentine Sarkozy
- Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, France
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15
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Sun Z, Wu Z, Zhang F, Guo Q, li L, li K, Chen H, Zhao J, Song D, Huang Q, Li L, Xiao J. PRAME is critical for breast cancer growth and metastasis. Gene 2016; 594:160-164. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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16
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Oyama K, Kanki K, Shimizu H, Kono Y, Azumi J, Toriguchi K, Hatano E, Shiota G. Impact of Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma on the Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gastrointest Tumors 2016; 3:128-135. [PMID: 28611979 DOI: 10.1159/000448137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinoids, vitamin A and its derivatives, have an antitumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The function of retinoids is exerted by the complex of retinoic acid (RA) with the heterodimer of retinoid X receptor and the RA receptor. The preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) acts as a dominant repressor of RA signaling by binding to the complex. The significance of PRAME on the prognosis of HCC remains to be clarified. METHODS PRAME mRNA expression was examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in both tumor and non-tumor tissues of 100 HCC patients who received surgical resection. The effect of PRAME knockdown on DR5-mediated RA transcriptional activity was examined. RESULTS In tumor tissues, there were significant associations among PRAME expression, clinical stage, tumor markers, and tumor numbers. In non-tumor tissues, there were significant associations among PRAME expression, overall survival, and disease-free survival. The knockdown of PRAME caused no reduction in DR5-mediated transcriptional activity of RA, suggesting that PRAME acts via other mechanisms than the DR5 RA-responsive elements. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that PRAME expression is a novel prognostic marker in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Oyama
- Tottori University Hospital Cancer Center, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.,Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Keita Kanki
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Okayama University of Science, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Yohei Kono
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Junya Azumi
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | - Kan Toriguchi
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hatano
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Goshi Shiota
- Division of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Department of Genetic Medicine and Regenerative Therapeutics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
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17
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Minimal residual disease monitoring and preemptive immunotherapy in myelodysplastic syndrome after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Ann Hematol 2016; 95:1233-40. [PMID: 27302479 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-016-2706-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the efficacy of minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring and MRD-directed preemptive immunotherapy in high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). MRD assessment consisted of Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1) detection with PCR and leukemia-associated immunophenotypic pattern examination with multiparameter flow cytometry (FCM). Post-HSCT, 31 patients were positive for WT1, and 8, for FCM; positivity for WT1 (18.6 vs. 6.1 %, P = 0.040) or FCM (62.5 vs. 3.6 %, P < 0.001) indicated a higher 2-year relapse rate. Twenty-one patients met our combined criteria for MRD, and the presence of MRD was associated with a higher 2-year relapse rate (27.3 vs. 4.5 %, P = 0.003). Preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma (PRAME) expression alone was not an appropriate MRD marker; however, it suggested that the MRD-positive patients may fail to respond to preemptive immunotherapy. In patients positive for both PRAME and MRD, the relapse rate was 60 % despite preemptive immunotherapy. Multivariate analysis confirmed the association between the increased relapse rate and positivity for both PRAME and MRD (hazard ratio = 42.8, P = 0.001). MRD monitoring predicted relapse in high-risk MDS post-HSCT patients, and PRAME- and MRD-positive patients did not benefit from preemptive immunotherapy.
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