1
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Lu E, Tang Y, Chen J, Al Mamun A, Feng Z, Cao L, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Mo T, Chun C, Zhang H, Du J, Jiang C, Xiao J. Stub1 ameliorates ER stress-induced neural cell apoptosis and promotes locomotor recovery through restoring autophagy flux after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol 2023; 368:114495. [PMID: 37495008 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced apoptosis and autophagy flux blockade significantly contribute to neuronal pathology of spinal cord injury (SCI). Yet, the molecular interplay between these two distinctive pathways in mediating the pathology of SCI remains largely unexplored. Currently, we aimed at exploring the crucial role of Stub1 in maintaining ER homeostasis and regulating autophagic flux after SCI. Our results demonstrate that Stub1 reduces ER stress induced neuronal apoptosis, promotes axonal regeneration, inhibits glial scar formation and fosters functional recovery by restoring autophagic flux following SCI. Stub1 enhances autophagic flux following SCI by alleviating the permeabilization of lysosomal membrane through activating TFEB. Importantly, we showed that Stub1 promotes the activation of TFEB by targeting HDAC2 for ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, the neuroprotective effect of Stub1 on SCI was abrogated by chloroquine administration, underscoring the essential role of Stub1-mediated enhancement of autophagic flux in its protective effects against SCI. Collectively, our data highlights the vital role of Stub1 in regulating ER stress and autophagy flux after SCI, and propose its potential as a promising target for neuroprotective interventions in SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ermei Lu
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China; Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Yingdan Tang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Abdullah Al Mamun
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Zhiyi Feng
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Lin Cao
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo Medical Treatment Center Li Huili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315040, China
| | - Yunsen Zhu
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China
| | - Tingting Mo
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China
| | - ChangJu Chun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China
| | - Jiqing Du
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China.
| | - Jian Xiao
- Department of Arthroplasty, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, Zhejiang 317500, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, China.
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2
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Chakraborty S, Karmakar S, Basu M, Kal S, Ghosh MK. The E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP drives monoubiquitylation-mediated nuclear import of the tumor suppressor PTEN. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs260950. [PMID: 37676120 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoubiquitylation is a principal mechanism driving nuclear translocation of the protein PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten). In this study, we describe a novel mechanism wherein the protein CHIP (C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein) mediates PTEN monoubiquitylation, leading to its nuclear import. Western blot analysis revealed a rise in both nuclear and total cellular PTEN levels under monoubiquitylation-promoting conditions, an effect that was abrogated by silencing CHIP expression. We established time-point kinetics of CHIP-mediated nuclear translocation of PTEN using immunocytochemistry and identified a role of karyopherin α1 (KPNA1) in facilitating nuclear transport of monoubiquitylated PTEN. We further established a direct interaction between CHIP and PTEN inside the nucleus, with CHIP participating in either polyubiquitylation or monoubiquitylation of nuclear PTEN. Finally, we showed that oxidative stress enhanced CHIP-mediated nuclear import of PTEN, which resulted in increased apoptosis, and decreased cell viability and proliferation, whereas CHIP knockdown counteracted these effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report elucidating non-canonical roles for CHIP on PTEN, which we establish here as a nuclear interacting partner of CHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shrabastee Chakraborty
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091 and 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Subhajit Karmakar
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091 and 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, Dakshin Barasat, South 24 Parganas 743372, India
| | - Satadeepa Kal
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091 and 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091 and 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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3
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Tedesco B, Vendredy L, Timmerman V, Poletti A. The chaperone-assisted selective autophagy complex dynamics and dysfunctions. Autophagy 2023:1-23. [PMID: 36594740 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2160564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Each protein must be synthesized with the correct amino acid sequence, folded into its native structure, and transported to a relevant subcellular location and protein complex. If any of these steps fail, the cell has the capacity to break down aberrant proteins to maintain protein homeostasis (also called proteostasis). All cells possess a set of well-characterized protein quality control systems to minimize protein misfolding and the damage it might cause. Autophagy, a conserved pathway for the degradation of long-lived proteins, aggregates, and damaged organelles, was initially characterized as a bulk degradation pathway. However, it is now clear that autophagy also contributes to intracellular homeostasis by selectively degrading cargo material. One of the pathways involved in the selective removal of damaged and misfolded proteins is chaperone-assisted selective autophagy (CASA). The CASA complex is composed of three main proteins (HSPA, HSPB8 and BAG3), essential to maintain protein homeostasis in muscle and neuronal cells. A failure in the CASA complex, caused by mutations in the respective coding genes, can lead to (cardio)myopathies and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we summarize our current understanding of the CASA complex and its dynamics. We also briefly discuss how CASA complex proteins are involved in disease and may represent an interesting therapeutic target.Abbreviation ALP: autophagy lysosomal pathway; ALS: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; AMOTL1: angiomotin like 1; ARP2/3: actin related protein 2/3; BAG: BAG cochaperone; BAG3: BAG cochaperone 3; CASA: chaperone-assisted selective autophagy; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; DNAJ/HSP40: DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40); DRiPs: defective ribosomal products; EIF2A/eIF2α: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A; EIF2AK1/HRI: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 1; GABARAP: GABA type A receptor-associated protein; HDAC6: histone deacetylase 6; HSP: heat shock protein; HSPA/HSP70: heat shock protein family A (Hsp70); HSP90: heat shock protein 90; HSPB8: heat shock protein family B (small) member 8; IPV: isoleucine-proline-valine; ISR: integrated stress response; KEAP1: kelch like ECH associated protein 1; LAMP2A: lysosomal associated membrane protein 2A; LATS1: large tumor suppressor kinase 1; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MTOC: microtubule organizing center; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NFKB/NF-κB: nuclear factor kappa B; NFE2L2: NFE2 like bZIP transcription factor 2; PLCG/PLCγ: phospholipase C gamma; polyQ: polyglutamine; PQC: protein quality control; PxxP: proline-rich; RAN translation: repeat-associated non-AUG translation; SG: stress granule; SOD1: superoxide dismutase 1; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; STUB1/CHIP: STIP1 homology and U-box containing protein 1; STK: serine/threonine kinase; SYNPO: synaptopodin; TBP: TATA-box binding protein; TARDBP/TDP-43: TAR DNA binding protein; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TPR: tetratricopeptide repeats; TSC1: TSC complex subunit 1; UBA: ubiquitin associated; UPS: ubiquitin-proteasome system; WW: tryptophan-tryptophan; WWTR1: WW domain containing transcription regulator 1; YAP1: Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Tedesco
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Leen Vendredy
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Vincent Timmerman
- Peripheral Neuropathy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute Born Bunge, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Angelo Poletti
- Laboratory of Experimental Biology, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2018-2027, Università degli studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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4
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Potemkin N, Clarkson AN. Non-coding RNAs in stroke pathology, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105467. [PMID: 36572063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Methods to alleviate functional deficits after ischemic stroke focus on restoration of cerebral blood flow to the affected area. However, pharmacological or surgical methods such as thrombolysis and thrombectomy have a narrow effective window. Harnessing and manipulating neurochemical processes of recovery may provide an alternative to these methods. Recently, non-coding RNA (ncRNA) have been increasingly investigated for their contributions to the pathology of diseases and potential for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Here we will review several ncRNA - H19, MALAT1, ANRIL, NEAT1, pseudogenes, small nucleolar RNA, piwi-interacting RNA and circular RNA - and their involvement in stroke pathology. We also examine these ncRNA as potential diagnostic biomarkers, particularly in circulating blood, and as targets for therapeutic interventions. An important aspect of this is a discussion of potential methods of treatment delivery to allow for targeting of interventions past the blood-brain barrier, including lipid nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, and viral and non-viral vectors. Overall, several long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) discussed here have strong implications for the development of pathology and functional recovery after ischemic stroke. LncRNAs H19 and ANRIL show potential as diagnostic biomarkers, while H19 and MALAT1 may prove to be effective therapeutics for both minimising damage as well as promoting recovery. Other ncRNA have also been implicated in ischemic stroke but are currently too poorly understood to make inferences for diagnosis or treatment. Whilst the field of ncRNAs is relatively new, significant work has already highlighted that ncRNAs represent a promising novel investigative tool for understanding stroke pathology, could be used as diagnostic biomarkers, and as targets for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Potemkin
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Andrew N Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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5
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Hahn KR, Kwon HJ, Yoon YS, Kim DW, Hwang IK. CHIP ameliorates neuronal damage in H 2O 2-induced oxidative stress in HT22 cells and gerbil ischemia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:20659. [PMID: 36450819 PMCID: PMC9712579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) is highly conserved and is linked to the connection between molecular chaperones and proteasomes to degrade chaperone-bound proteins. In this study, we synthesized the transactivator of transcription (Tat)-CHIP fusion protein for effective delivery into the brain and examined the effects of CHIP against oxidative stress in HT22 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment and ischemic damage in gerbils by 5 min of occlusion of both common carotid arteries, to elucidate the possibility of using Tat-CHIP as a therapeutic agent against ischemic damage. Tat-CHIP was effectively delivered to HT22 hippocampal cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and protein degradation was confirmed in HT22 cells. In addition, Tat-CHIP significantly ameliorated the oxidative damage induced by 200 μM H2O2 and decreased DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species formation. In addition, Tat-CHIP showed neuroprotective effects against ischemic damage in a dose-dependent manner and significant ameliorative effects against ischemia-induced glial activation, oxidative stress (hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde), pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) release, and glutathione and its redox enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) in the hippocampus. These results suggest that Tat-CHIP could be a therapeutic agent that can protect neurons from ischemic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Ri Hahn
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- grid.411733.30000 0004 0532 811XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457 South Korea ,grid.256753.00000 0004 0470 5964Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 South Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- grid.411733.30000 0004 0532 811XDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, 25457 South Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- grid.31501.360000 0004 0470 5905Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826 South Korea
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6
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Pakdaman Y, Denker E, Austad E, Norton WHJ, Rolfsnes HO, Bindoff LA, Tzoulis C, Aukrust I, Knappskog PM, Johansson S, Ellingsen S. Chip Protein U-Box Domain Truncation Affects Purkinje Neuron Morphology and Leads to Behavioral Changes in Zebrafish. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 14:723912. [PMID: 34630034 PMCID: PMC8497888 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.723912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin ligase CHIP (C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein) is encoded by STUB1 and promotes ubiquitination of misfolded and damaged proteins. CHIP deficiency has been linked to several diseases, and mutations in the human STUB1 gene are associated with recessive and dominant forms of spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAR16/SCA48). Here, we examine the effects of impaired CHIP ubiquitin ligase activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio). We characterized the zebrafish stub1 gene and Chip protein, and generated and characterized a zebrafish mutant causing truncation of the Chip functional U-box domain. Zebrafish stub1 has a high degree of conservation with mammalian orthologs and was detected in a wide range of tissues in adult stages, with highest expression in brain, eggs, and testes. In the brain, stub1 mRNA was predominantly detected in the cerebellum, including the Purkinje cell layer and granular layer. Recombinant wild-type zebrafish Chip showed ubiquitin ligase activity highly comparable to human CHIP, while the mutant Chip protein showed impaired ubiquitination of the Hsc70 substrate and Chip itself. In contrast to SCAR16/SCA48 patients, no gross cerebellar atrophy was evident in mutant fish, however, these fish displayed reduced numbers and sizes of Purkinje cell bodies and abnormal organization of Purkinje cell dendrites. Mutant fish also had decreased total 26S proteasome activity in the brain and showed behavioral changes. In conclusion, truncation of the Chip U-box domain leads to impaired ubiquitin ligase activity and behavioral and anatomical changes in zebrafish, illustrating the potential of zebrafish to study STUB1-mediated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Pakdaman
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Elsa Denker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eirik Austad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - William H J Norton
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavior, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Hans O Rolfsnes
- Department of Biomedicine, Molecular Imaging Center, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laurence A Bindoff
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Neuro-SysMed Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Charalampos Tzoulis
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Neurology, Neuro-SysMed Center of Excellence for Clinical Research in Neurological Diseases, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ingvild Aukrust
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per M Knappskog
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stefan Johansson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Medical Genetics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ståle Ellingsen
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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7
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Schuster S, Heuten E, Velic A, Admard J, Synofzik M, Ossowski S, Macek B, Hauser S, Schöls L. CHIP mutations affect the heat shock response differently in human fibroblasts and iPSC-derived neurons. Dis Model Mech 2020; 13:13/10/dmm045096. [PMID: 33097556 PMCID: PMC7578354 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.045096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
C-terminus of HSC70-interacting protein (CHIP) encoded by the gene STUB1 is a co-chaperone and E3 ligase that acts as a key regulator of cellular protein homeostasis. Mutations in STUB1 cause autosomal recessive spinocerebellar ataxia type 16 (SCAR16) with widespread neurodegeneration manifesting as spastic-ataxic gait disorder, dementia and epilepsy. CHIP-/- mice display severe cerebellar atrophy, show high perinatal lethality and impaired heat stress tolerance. To decipher the pathomechanism underlying SCAR16, we investigated the heat shock response (HSR) in primary fibroblasts of three SCAR16 patients. We found impaired HSR induction and recovery compared to healthy controls. HSPA1A/B transcript levels (coding for HSP70) were reduced upon heat shock but HSP70 remained higher upon recovery in patient- compared to control-fibroblasts. As SCAR16 primarily affects the central nervous system we next investigated the HSR in cortical neurons (CNs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells of SCAR16 patients. We found CNs of patients and controls to be surprisingly resistant to heat stress with high basal levels of HSP70 compared to fibroblasts. Although heat stress resulted in strong transcript level increases of many HSPs, this did not translate into higher HSP70 protein levels upon heat shock, independent of STUB1 mutations. Furthermore, STUB1(-/-) neurons generated by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing from an isogenic healthy control line showed a similar HSR to patients. Proteomic analysis of CNs showed dysfunctional protein (re)folding and higher basal oxidative stress levels in patients. Our results question the role of impaired HSR in SCAR16 neuropathology and highlight the need for careful selection of proper cell types for modeling human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schuster
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany.,Graduate School of Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Heuten
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - A Velic
- Proteome Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - J Admard
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M Synofzik
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Ossowski
- Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Macek
- Proteome Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - S Hauser
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany .,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Schöls
- Department of Neurology and Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany .,Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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8
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CHIP as a therapeutic target for neurological diseases. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:727. [PMID: 32908122 PMCID: PMC7481199 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02953-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Carboxy-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) functions both as a molecular co-chaperone and ubiquitin E3 ligase playing a critical role in modulating the degradation of numerous chaperone-bound proteins. To date, it has been implicated in the regulation of numerous biological functions, including misfolded-protein refolding, autophagy, immunity, and necroptosis. Moreover, the ubiquitous expression of CHIP in the central nervous system suggests that it may be implicated in a wide range of functions in neurological diseases. Several recent studies of our laboratory and other groups have highlighted the beneficial role of CHIP in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases. The objective of this review is to discuss the possible molecular mechanisms that contribute to the pathogenesis of neurological diseases in which CHIP has a pivotal role, such as stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and polyglutamine diseases; furthermore, CHIP mutations could also cause neurodegenerative diseases. Based on the available literature, CHIP overexpression could serve as a promising therapeutic target for several neurological diseases.
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9
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Yoo L, Yoon AR, Yun CO, Chung KC. Covalent ISG15 conjugation to CHIP promotes its ubiquitin E3 ligase activity and inhibits lung cancer cell growth in response to type I interferon. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:97. [PMID: 29367604 PMCID: PMC5833375 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0138-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The carboxyl terminus of Hsp70-interacting protein (CHIP) acts as a ubiquitin E3 ligase and a link between the chaperones Hsp70/90 and the proteasome system, playing a vital role in maintaining protein homeostasis. CHIP regulates a number of proteins involved in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes, but the underlying mechanism of action via posttranslational modification has not been extensively explored. In this study, we investigated a novel modulatory mode of CHIP and its effect on CHIP enzymatic activity. ISG15, an ubiquitin-like modifier, is induced by type I interferon (IFN) stimulation and can be conjugated to target proteins (ISGylation). Here we demonstrated that CHIP may be a novel target of ISGylation in HEK293 cells stimulated with type I IFN. We also found that Lys143/144/145 and Lys287 residues in CHIP are important for and target residues of ISGylation. Moreover, ISGylation promotes the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of CHIP, subsequently causing a decrease in levels of oncogenic c-Myc, one of its many ubiquitination targets, in A549 lung cancer cells and inhibiting A549 cell and tumor growth. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that covalent ISG15 conjugation produces a novel CHIP regulatory mode that enhances the tumor-suppressive activity of CHIP, thereby contributing to the antitumor effect of type I IFN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Yoo
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Korea
| | - Kwang Chul Chung
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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Palubinsky AM, Stankowski JN, Kale AC, Codreanu SG, Singer RJ, Liebler DC, Stanwood GD, McLaughlin B. CHIP Is an Essential Determinant of Neuronal Mitochondrial Stress Signaling. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:535-49. [PMID: 25602369 PMCID: PMC4544748 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Determine the mechanism by which C-terminus of HSC70-interacting protein (CHIP) induction alters neuronal survival under conditions of mitochondrial stress induced by oxygen glucose deprivation. RESULTS We report that animals deficient in the E3 ubiquitin ligase, CHIP, have high baseline levels of central nervous system protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation, reduced antioxidant defenses, and decreased energetic status. Stress-associated molecules typically linked to Parkinson's disease such as the mitochondrial kinase, PTEN-inducible putative kinase 1 (PINK1), and another E3 ligase, Parkin, are upregulated in brains from CHIP knockout (KO) animals. Utilizing a novel biotin-avidin capture technique, we found that the oxidation status of Parkin and the mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), are altered in a CHIP-dependent manner. We also found that following oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), the expression of CHIP, PINK1, and the autophagic marker, LC3, increase and there is activation of the redox-sensitive kinase p66(shc). Under conditions of OGD, CHIP relocalizes from the cytosol to mitochondria. Mitochondria from CHIP KO mice have profound impairments in stress response induced by calcium overload, resulting in accelerated permeability transition activity. While CHIP-deficient neurons are morphologically intact, they are more susceptible to OGD consistent with a previously unknown neuroprotective role for CHIP in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. INNOVATION CHIP relocalization to the mitochondria is essential for the regulation of mitochondrial integrity and neuronal survival following OGD. CONCLUSIONS CHIP is an essential regulator of neuronal bioenergetics and redox tone. Altering the expression of this protein has profound effects on neuronal survival when cells are exposed to OGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy M Palubinsky
- 1 Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,2 Clinical Neuroscience Scholars Program, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,3 J.B. Marshall Laboratory for Neurovascular Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,4 Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Jeannette N Stankowski
- 1 Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,4 Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,5 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Alixandra C Kale
- 3 J.B. Marshall Laboratory for Neurovascular Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,4 Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,6 Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Simona G Codreanu
- 7 Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,8 Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Robert J Singer
- 3 J.B. Marshall Laboratory for Neurovascular Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,9 Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,10 Department of Neurosurgery, Dartmouth Hitchcock Hospital , Lebanon , New Hampshire
| | - Daniel C Liebler
- 7 Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,8 Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Gregg D Stanwood
- 4 Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,11 Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
| | - BethAnn McLaughlin
- 3 J.B. Marshall Laboratory for Neurovascular Therapeutics, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,4 Kennedy Center for Research on Human Development, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,6 Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,9 Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee.,11 Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University , Nashville, Tennessee
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11
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The E3 ligase CHIP: insights into its structure and regulation. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:918183. [PMID: 24868554 PMCID: PMC4017836 DOI: 10.1155/2014/918183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The carboxy-terminus of Hsc70 interacting protein (CHIP) is a cochaperone E3 ligase containing three tandem repeats of tetratricopeptide (TPR) motifs and a C-terminal U-box domain separated by a charged coiled-coil region. CHIP is known to function as a central quality control E3 ligase and regulates several proteins involved in a myriad of physiological and pathological processes. Recent studies have highlighted varied regulatory mechanisms operating on the activity of CHIP which is crucial for cellular homeostasis. In this review article, we give a concise account of our current knowledge on the biochemistry and regulation of CHIP.
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Shi CH, Schisler JC, Rubel CE, Tan S, Song B, McDonough H, Xu L, Portbury AL, Mao CY, True C, Wang RH, Wang QZ, Sun SL, Seminara SB, Patterson C, Xu YM. Ataxia and hypogonadism caused by the loss of ubiquitin ligase activity of the U box protein CHIP. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:1013-24. [PMID: 24113144 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gordon Holmes syndrome (GHS) is a rare Mendelian neurodegenerative disorder characterized by ataxia and hypogonadism. Recently, it was suggested that disordered ubiquitination underlies GHS though the discovery of exome mutations in the E3 ligase RNF216 and deubiquitinase OTUD4. We performed exome sequencing in a family with two of three siblings afflicted with ataxia and hypogonadism and identified a homozygous mutation in STUB1 (NM_005861) c.737C→T, p.Thr246Met, a gene that encodes the protein CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-interacting protein). CHIP plays a central role in regulating protein quality control, in part through its ability to function as an E3 ligase. Loss of CHIP function has long been associated with protein misfolding and aggregation in several genetic mouse models of neurodegenerative disorders; however, a role for CHIP in human neurological disease has yet to be identified. Introduction of the Thr246Met mutation into CHIP results in a loss of ubiquitin ligase activity measured directly using recombinant proteins as well as in cell culture models. Loss of CHIP function in mice resulted in behavioral and reproductive impairments that mimic human ataxia and hypogonadism. We conclude that GHS can be caused by a loss-of-function mutation in CHIP. Our findings further highlight the role of disordered ubiquitination and protein quality control in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease and demonstrate the utility of combining whole-exome sequencing with molecular analyses and animal models to define causal disease polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-He Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, China
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Rapid inactivation and proteasome-mediated degradation of OGG1 contribute to the synergistic effect of hyperthermia on genotoxic treatments. DNA Repair (Amst) 2013; 12:227-37. [PMID: 23332971 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of DNA repair has been proposed as a mechanism underlying heat-induced sensitization of tumour cells to some anticancer treatments. Base excision repair (BER) constitutes the main pathway for the repair of DNA lesions induced by oxidizing or alkylating agents. Here, we report that mild hyperthermia, without toxic consequences per se, affects cellular DNA glycosylase activities, thus impairing BER. Exposure of cells to mild hyperthermia leads to a rapid and selective inactivation of OGG1 (8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase) associated with the relocalisation of the protein into a detergent-resistant cellular fraction. Following its inactivation, OGG1 is ubiquitinated and directed to proteasome-mediated degradation, through a CHIP (C-terminus of HSC70-interacting protein) E3 ligase-mediated process. Moreover, the residual OGG1 accumulates in the perinuclear region leading to further depletion from the nucleus. As a consequence, HeLa cells subjected to hyperthermia and exposed to a genotoxic treatment have a reduced capacity to repair OGG1 cognate base lesions and an enhanced cell growth defect. The partial alleviation of this response by OGG1 overexpression indicates that heat-induced glycosylase inactivation contributes to the synergistic effect of hyperthermia on genotoxic treatments. Taken together, our results suggest that OGG1 inhibition contributes to heat-induced chemosensitisation of cells and could lay the basis for new anticancer therapeutic protocols that include hyperthermia.
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Current world literature. Curr Opin Neurol 2011; 24:511-6. [PMID: 21900773 DOI: 10.1097/wco.0b013e32834be5c1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Stankowski JN, Zeiger SLH, Cohen EL, DeFranco DB, Cai J, McLaughlin B. C-terminus of heat shock cognate 70 interacting protein increases following stroke and impairs survival against acute oxidative stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2011; 14:1787-801. [PMID: 20677910 PMCID: PMC3078511 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2010.3300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The decision to remove or refold oxidized, denatured, or misfolded proteins by heat shock protein 70 and its binding partners is critical to determine cell fate under pathophysiological conditions. Overexpression of the ubiquitin ligase C-terminus of HSC70 interacting protein (CHIP) can compensate for failure of other ubiquitin ligases and enhance protein turnover and survival under chronic neurological stress. The ability of CHIP to alter cell fate after acute neurological injury has not been assessed. Using postmortem human tissue samples, we provide the first evidence that cortical CHIP expression is increased after ischemic stroke. Oxygen glucose deprivation in vitro led to rapid protein oxidation, antioxidant depletion, proteasome dysfunction, and a significant increase in CHIP expression. To determine if CHIP upregulation enhances neural survival, we overexpressed CHIP in vitro and evaluated cell fate 24 h after acute oxidative stress. Surprisingly, CHIP overexpressing cells fared worse against oxidative injury, accumulated more ubiquitinated and oxidized proteins, and experienced decreased proteasome activity. Conversely, using small interfering RNA to decrease CHIP expression in primary neuronal cultures improved survival after oxidative stress, suggesting that increases in CHIP observed after stroke like injuries are likely correlated with diminished survival and may negatively impact the neuroprotective potential of heat shock protein 70.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannette N Stankowski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-8548, USA
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