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Wang J, Li J, Liu J, Lin M, Mao S, Wang Y, Luo Y. Adsorption Force of Fibronectin: A Balance Regulator to Transmission of Cell Traction Force and Fluid Shear Stress. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:3264-3273. [PMID: 34225453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteoblasts actively generate cell traction force (CTF) to sense chemical and mechanical microenvironments. Fluid shear stress (FSS) is a principle mechanical stimulus for bone modeling/remodeling. FSS and CTF share common interconnected elements for force transmission, among which the role of the protein-material interfacial force (Fad) remains unclear. Here, we found that, on the low Fad surface (5.47 ± 1.31 pN/FN), CTF overwhelmed Fad to partially desorb FN, and FSS exacerbated the desorption, resulting in disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesions (FAs) to reduce CTF and establishment of a new mechanical balance at the FN-material interface. Contrarily, on the high Fad surface (27.68 ± 5.24 pN/FN), pure CTF or the combination of CTF and FSS induced no FN desorption, and FSS promoted assembly of actin cytoskeletons and disassembly of FAs, regaining new mechanical balance at the cell-FN interface. These results indicate that Fad is a mechanical regulator for transmission of CTF and FSS, which has never been reported before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, and Lab for Smart & Bioinspired Materials, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Junyao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, and Lab for Smart & Bioinspired Materials, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, and Lab for Smart & Bioinspired Materials, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Manping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China
| | - Shilong Mao
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, and Lab for Smart & Bioinspired Materials, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yuanliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, and Lab for Smart & Bioinspired Materials, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yanfeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, and Lab for Smart & Bioinspired Materials, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
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Yang X, Liu CJ, Wang ZZ, Ding D, Shi JW, Wu XT, Sun LW, Fan YB. Effects of advanced glycation end products on osteocytes mechanosensitivity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 568:151-157. [PMID: 34217013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteocytes are extremely sensitive to mechanical loading and govern bone remodeling process. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have the capacity to induce osteocyte apoptosis. In order to investigate the effects of AGEs on the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes, the osteocytic-like cells (MLO-Y4) were treated with low (50 μg/ml) and high (400 μg/ml) concentrations of AGEs for 1day and exposed to 15 dyne/cm2 of fluid shear stress. Then the F-actin cytoskeleton, prostaglandin E2(PGE2), Nitric oxide (NO), the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity mRNA expressions were detected for osteocytes mechanical response changes; osteocalcin (OCN) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) were detected for the regulation on bone remodeling function of osteocytes. The results showed that AGEs accumulation inhibited the sense of osteocytes to external mechincal loading, promoted shear-induced NO and PGE2 release, suppressed the mechanosensitivity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and furthermore promoted OCN and RANKL/OPG mRNA expressions. These indicated AGEs had an adverse impact on the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes, and led to a negative effect on their regulation of bone remodeling process under mechanical stimulation. This work provides a new perspective to interpret the alteration mechanism of osteocytes mechanosensitivity and provides a novel clue for exploring the mechanism of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083.
| | - Cong-Jin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083
| | - Zhen-Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083
| | - Dong Ding
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083
| | - Jing-Wen Shi
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083
| | - Xin-Tong Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083
| | - Lian-Wen Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083.
| | - Yu-Bo Fan
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China, 100083.
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3
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Sinha R, Verdonschot N, Koopman B, Rouwkema J. Tuning Cell and Tissue Development by Combining Multiple Mechanical Signals. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2017; 23:494-504. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2016.0500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Sinha
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Verdonschot
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
- Orthopaedic Research Lab, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart Koopman
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Rouwkema
- Department of Biomechanical Engineering, MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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Li Y, Wang J, Xing J, Wang Y, Luo Y. Surface chemistry regulates the sensitivity and tolerability of osteoblasts to various magnitudes of fluid shear stress. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:2978-2991. [PMID: 27466082 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds provide a physical support for osteoblasts and act as the medium to transfer mechanical stimuli to cells. To verify our hypothesis that the surface chemistry of scaffolds regulates the perception of cells to mechanical stimuli, the sensitivity and tolerability of osteoblasts to fluid shear stress (FSS) of various magnitudes (5, 12, 20 dynes/cm2 ) were investigated on various surface chemistries (-OH, -CH3 , -NH2 ), and their follow-up effects on cell proliferation and differentiation were examined as well. The sensitivity was characterized by the release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) while the tolerability was by cellular membrane integrity. The cell proliferation was characterized by S-phase cell fraction and the differentiation by ALP activity and ECM expression (fibronectin and type I collagen). As revealed, osteoblasts demonstrated higher sensitivity and lower tolerability on OH and CH3 surfaces, yet lower sensitivity and higher tolerability on NH2 surfaces. Observations on the focal adhesion formation, F-actin organization and cellular orientation before and after FSS exposure suggest that the potential mechanism lies in the differential control of F-actin organization and focal adhesion formation by surface chemistry, which further divergently mediates the sensitivity and tolerability of ROBs to FSS and the follow-up cell proliferation and differentiation. These findings are essentially valuable for design/selection of desirable surface chemistry to orchestrate with FSS stimuli, inducing appropriate cell responses and promoting bone formation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2978-2991, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Research Center of Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.,School of Pharmacy, Taizhou Polytechnic College, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Research Center of Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Juan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Research Center of Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yuanliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400030, China.,Research Center of Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yanfeng Luo
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400030, China. .,Research Center of Bioinspired Materials Science and Engineering, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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Xing J, Li Y, Lin M, Wang J, Wu J, Ma Y, Wang Y, Yang L, Luo Y. Surface chemistry modulates osteoblasts sensitivity to low fluid shear stress. J Biomed Mater Res A 2014; 102:4151-60. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Xing
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yan Li
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Manping Lin
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Jinchuan Wu
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yufei Ma
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yuanliang Wang
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology; Ministry of Education, Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
| | - Yanfeng Luo
- Research Center of Bioinspired Material Science and Engineering College of Bioengineering; Chongqing University; Chongqing 400030 China
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6
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York SL, Arida AR, Shah KS, Sethu P, Saunders MM. Osteocyte Characterization on Polydimethylsiloxane Substrates for Microsystems Applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMIMETICS, BIOMATERIALS, AND TISSUE ENGINEERING 2012; 16:27-42. [PMID: 30245613 PMCID: PMC6150457 DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbte.16.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the body, osteocytes reside in lacunae, lenticular shaped cavities within mineralized bone. These cells are linked to each other and surface-residing osteoblasts via physical channels known as gap junctions. It has been suggested that osteocytes sense mechanical load applied to bone and relay that signal to osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Current in vitro and in vivo models of mechanotransduction face temporal and spatial barriers. Recent advances in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based microfabrication techniques may be able to overcome some of these hurdles. However, before the bone research field can effectively utilize microsystems techniques, fundamental groundwork must be completed. This study characterized the behaviour of osteocytes on PDMS coated with collagen type I (CTI) and provides the framework for bone cell mechanotransduction studies using microsystems. The goal was to determine whether osteocytes were adversely affected by the substrate material by comparing their behaviour to a standard glass substrate. In addition, optimal culture conditions and time points for growing osteocytes on PDMS substrates were determined. Results of this study suggested that use of PDMS does not adversely affect osteocyte behaviour. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that osteocytes should be cultured for no less than 72 hours prior to experimentation to allow the establishment and maintenance of phenotypic characteristics. These results completed essential groundwork necessary for further studies regarding osteocytes in microsystems modelling utilizing PDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spencer L York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, 260 S Forge St, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Ahmad R Arida
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, 260 S Forge St, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Karan S Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, 260 S Forge St, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Palaniappan Sethu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville, 2100 S Brook St, SRB 357, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Marnie M Saunders
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, 260 S Forge St, Akron, OH 44325, USA
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7
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Fluid dynamics analysis of a novel micropatterned cell bioreactor. Ann Biomed Eng 2011; 39:1592-605. [PMID: 21249451 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-011-0250-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Although flow-based bioreactor has been widely used to provide sufficient mass transportation and nutrient supply for cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, the underlying mechanism of cell responses to applied flow at single cell level remains unclear. This study has developed a novel bioreactor that combines flow bioreactor with microfabrication technique to isolate individual cells onto micropatterned substrate. A mechanical model has also been developed to quantify the flow field or the microenvironment around the single cell; flow dynamics has been analyzed on five geometrically different patterns of circle-, cube-, 1:2 ellipse-, 1:3 ellipse-, and rectangle-shaped "virtual cells." The results of this study have demonstrated that the flow field is highly pattern dependent, and all the hydrodynamic development length, cell spacing, and orientation of inlet velocity vector are crucial for maintaining a fully developed flow. This study has provided a theoretical basis for optimizing the design of micropatterned flow bioreactor and a novel approach to understand the cell mechanotransduction and cell-surface interaction at single cell level.
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Delaine-Smith RM, Reilly GC. The effects of mechanical loading on mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and matrix production. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2011; 87:417-80. [PMID: 22127254 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386015-6.00039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells or stromal cells (MSCs) have the potential to be used therapeutically in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to replace or restore the function of damaged tissues. Therefore, considerable effort has been ongoing in the research community to optimize culture conditions for predifferentiation of MSCs. All mesenchymal tissues are subjected to mechanical forces in vivo and all fully differentiated mesenchymal lineage cells respond to mechanical stimulation in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, it is not surprising that MSCs are highly mechanosensitive. We present a summary of current methods of mechanical stimulation of MSCs and an overview of the outcomes of the different mechanical culture techniques tested. Tissue engineers and stem cell researchers should be able to harness this mechanosensitivity to modulate MSC differentiation and matrix production; however, more research needs to be undertaken to understand the complex interactions between the mechanosensitive and biochemically stimulated differentiation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Delaine-Smith
- The Kroto Research Institute, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
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10
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Park JY, Takayama S, Lee SH. Regulating microenvironmental stimuli for stem cells and cancer cells using microsystems. Integr Biol (Camb) 2010; 2:229-40. [PMID: 20535416 DOI: 10.1039/c000442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cells express hundreds of different types of receptors, which they use to continuously monitor their chemical and mechanical microenvironments. Stem cells and cancer cells are particularly sensitive to microenvironmental cues because their interactions have profound effects on stem cell potency and tumorigenesis, respectively. Unlike conventional tissue culture in wells and dishes, microtechnology with dimensions on the cellular scale can be combined with materials, chemicals, physiological flows, and other effectors to provide high levels of control in a format more flexible than macroscale in vitro or in vivo systems, revealing stimulation-specific responses of stem cells and cancer cells. Microtechnology-integrated biology enable the simultaneous control of multiple numbers of biological microenvironmental factors in a high-throughput manner. In this review we present representative examples of the use of microtechnology systems to regulate the mechanical, chemical, topological, adhesive, and other environments of individual stem cells and cancer cells. We then explore the possibilities for simultaneous multimodal control of combinations of these environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joong Yull Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Chen JH, Liu C, You L, Simmons CA. Boning up on Wolff's Law: mechanical regulation of the cells that make and maintain bone. J Biomech 2009; 43:108-18. [PMID: 19818443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue forms and is remodeled in response to the mechanical forces that it experiences, a phenomenon described by Wolff's Law. Mechanically induced formation and adaptation of bone tissue is mediated by bone cells that sense and respond to local mechanical cues. In this review, the forces experienced by bone cells, the mechanotransduction pathways involved, and the responses elicited are considered. Particular attention is given to two cell types that have emerged as key players in bone mechanobiology: osteocytes, the putative primary mechanosensors in intact bone; and osteoprogenitors, the cells responsible for bone formation and recently implicated in ectopic calcification of cardiovascular tissues. Mechanoregulation of bone involves a complex interplay between these cells, their microenvironments, and other cell types. Thus, dissection of the role of mechanics in regulating bone cell fate and function, and translation of that knowledge to improved therapies, requires identification of relevant cues, multifactorial experimental approaches, and advanced model systems that mimic the mechanobiological environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hung Chen
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3G8
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