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Akinkugbe AA, Midya V, Duffy J, Landero J, Wright RO, Wright RJ. Metal mixtures and oral health among children and adolescents in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2017-2020. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 257:114335. [PMID: 38330728 PMCID: PMC10939733 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental caries is the most common non-communicable human disease, yet little is known about the role of environmental metals, despite teeth consisting of a hard matrix of trace elements. We conducted a cross-sectional study of associations between environmental metals and objective assessment of dental caries and subjective assessments of oral health among a representative sample of U.S. children and adolescents. METHODS Data were from the 2017-March 2020 pre-pandemic data file of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). To account for metal mixtures, we used weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to estimate the joint impact of multiple trace elements assessed in blood and urine with oral disease outcomes. RESULTS The blood metal mixture index was associated with a 32% (95% CI: 1.11, 1.56) increased risk of decayed surfaces while the urine metal mixture index was associated with a 106%, RR (95% CI = 2.06 (1.58, 2.70) increased caries risk. For both blood and urine, Mercury (Hg) had the largest contribution to the mixture index followed by Lead (Pb). The WQS blood metal mixture index was also significantly associated with poorer self-rated oral health, although the magnitude of the association was not as strong as for the objective oral disease measures, RR (95% CI) = 1.04 (1.02, 1.07). DISCUSSION Increased exposure to a metal mixture was significantly related to poorer objective and subjective oral health outcomes among U.S. children and adolescents. These are among the first findings showing that metal mixtures are a significant contributor to poor oral health.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Akinkugbe
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - V Midya
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - J Duffy
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Landero
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - R O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - R J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Anne Marie U, Murererehe J, Rehman M, Chittilla M, Uwambaye P, Razzaque MS. Oral manifestations of iron imbalance. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1272902. [PMID: 37899821 PMCID: PMC10611504 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Uwitonze Anne Marie
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Julienne Murererehe
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Mahum Rehman
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
| | - Mythri Chittilla
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
| | - Peace Uwambaye
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Mohammed S. Razzaque
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
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Physical Activity, Body Mass Index (BMI) and Abdominal Obesity of Pre-Adolescent Children in the Region of Thrace, NE Greece, in Relation to Socio-Demographic Characteristics. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9030340. [PMID: 35327711 PMCID: PMC8947038 DOI: 10.3390/children9030340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity, and define predictive factors of their occurrence among pre-adolescents in the region of Thrace, NE Greece. A secondary aim was to record physical activity at different times (schooldays, weekends, holidays) and explore associations with characteristics such as gender, overweight and obesity, and socio-demographic conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving children aged 11–12 years. Participating children were measured for height, weight, and waist circumference, and their parents answered a questionnaire. In total, 1929 children were included. Prevalence of overweight was 31.5%, prevalence of obesity 17%, and only 1% of children were underweight. Abdominal obesity was detected in 20.3% of the sample. Overweight and obesity were more frequent in males, who also had higher mean values of Body Mass Index-for-age z-scores (BMIaz) and Waist-to-Height ratio (WtHR). Obesity rates were higher among those not participating in physical activities; however, no significant difference was observed between normal-weight, overweight and obese children in the time spent for organized athletic activities or free play. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability for overweight/obesity was higher in boys (OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.16–1.66) and lower in children whose fathers had a higher educational level (OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.60–0.93). The probability for abdominal obesity was also higher in boys (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.10–1.72) and lower in children participating at least one hour/day in an organized physical activity (compared to those with no physical activity (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.51–0.85), and whose father was exercising at least 1–2 times/week (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.591–0.98). In conclusion, the prevalence of overweight and obesity among pre-adolescents in NE Greece was estimated at 48.5%. This is associated with the male gender and not participating in physical activities. The educational level and exercise habits of the father (but not of the mother) affect the probability of obesity and abdominal obesity, respectively.
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Kajfasz JK, Katrak C, Ganguly T, Vargas J, Wright L, Peters ZT, Spatafora GA, Abranches J, Lemos JA. Manganese Uptake, Mediated by SloABC and MntH, Is Essential for the Fitness of Streptococcus mutans. mSphere 2020; 5:e00764-19. [PMID: 31915219 PMCID: PMC6952196 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00764-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Early epidemiological studies implicated manganese (Mn) as a possible caries-promoting agent, while laboratory studies have indicated that manganese stimulates the expression of virulence-related factors in the dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans To better understand the importance of manganese homeostasis to S. mutans pathophysiology, we first used RNA sequencing to obtain the global transcriptional profile of S. mutans UA159 grown under Mn-restricted conditions. Among the most highly expressed genes were those of the entire sloABC operon, encoding a dual iron/manganese transporter, and an uncharacterized gene, here mntH, that codes for a protein bearing strong similarity to Nramp-type transporters. While inactivation of sloC, which encodes the lipoprotein receptor of the SloABC system, or of mntH alone had no major consequence for the overall fitness of S. mutans, simultaneous inactivation of sloC and mntH (ΔsloC ΔmntH) impaired growth and survival under Mn-restricted conditions, including in human saliva or in the presence of calprotectin. Further, disruption of Mn transport resulted in diminished stress tolerance and reduced biofilm formation in the presence of sucrose. These phenotypes were markedly improved when cells were provided with excess Mn. Metal quantifications revealed that the single mutant strains contained intracellular levels of Mn similar to those seen with the parent strain, whereas Mn was nearly undetectable in the ΔsloC ΔmntH strain. Collectively, these results reveal that SloABC and MntH work independently and cooperatively to promote cell growth under Mn-restricted conditions and that maintenance of Mn homeostasis is essential for the expression of major virulence attributes in S. mutansIMPORTANCE As transition biometals such as manganese (Mn) are essential for all forms of life, the ability to scavenge biometals in the metal-restricted host environment is an important trait of successful cariogenic pathobionts. Here, we showed that the caries pathogen Streptococcus mutans utilizes two Mn transport systems, namely, SloABC and MntH, to acquire Mn from the environment and that the ability to maintain the cellular levels of Mn is important for the manifestation of characteristics that associate S. mutans with dental caries. Our results indicate that the development of strategies to deprive S. mutans of Mn hold promise in the combat against this important bacterial pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Kajfasz
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Callahan Katrak
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Tridib Ganguly
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Jonathan Vargas
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Logan Wright
- Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | - Zachary T Peters
- Department of Biology, Middlebury College, Middlebury, Vermont, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline Abranches
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - José A Lemos
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Chen KJ, Gao SS, Duangthip D, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Prevalence of early childhood caries among 5-year-old children: A systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 10:e12376. [DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kitty J. Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Sherry S. Gao
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Edward C. M. Lo
- Department of Public Health; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Department of Operative Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
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Saheer A, Kousalya PS, Raju R, Gubbihal R. Dental pain among 10-15 year old children attending oral health promoting schools: A cross-sectional study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 5:S101-6. [PMID: 26942112 PMCID: PMC4756562 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.172948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dental pain is a major public health problem and one of the consequences of oral diseases which requires significant adjustments in life management leading to decreased quality of life. Objective: To assess prevalence of dental pain and its impact on daily life and to explore its relationship with oral health behavior and clinical oral status among 10-15 year old school children attending oral health promoting schools. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in 6 schools serving low -middle socio economic strata in Bangalore, India. A total of 1237 children were surveyed for history of dental pain during past 3 month. Participants who reported dental pain completed self-reported oral health behaviour and Child dental pain questionnaire. Clinical oral examination included assessment of dental caries, periodontal status. Data was analyzed using t - test, Chi-square test, ANOVA and Regression Analysis. Results: Prevalence of dental pain was 15.6% (n = 194). Among children with pain, 17%, 43% and 40% reported mild, moderate and severe pain. Impact on daily activities was reported by 66%. Mean DMFT and DMFS was 1.80 and 2.11 Mean deft and defs was 2.47 and 3.41. Multiple logistic regression revealed that severity and impact of dental pain was associated with gender, frequency of tooth brushing, consumption of sweets and deciduous dental caries experience. Conclusion: Prevalence of Dental pain is associated with brushing behavior, consumption of sweets and deciduous dental caries experience, showing need for further attention to these conditions and a need to strengthen preventive and therapeutic dental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Saheer
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pallavi Swami Kousalya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha Raju
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Radha Gubbihal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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