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Ding L, Gu Z, Chen H, Wang P, Song Y, Zhang X, Li M, Chen J, Han H, Cheng J, Tong Z. Phototherapy for age-related brain diseases: Challenges, successes and future. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 94:102183. [PMID: 38218465 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Brain diseases present a significant obstacle to both global health and economic progress, owing to their elusive pathogenesis and the limited effectiveness of pharmaceutical interventions. Phototherapy has emerged as a promising non-invasive therapeutic modality for addressing age-related brain disorders, including stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD), among others. This review examines the recent progressions in phototherapeutic interventions. Firstly, the article elucidates the various wavelengths of visible light that possess the capability to penetrate the skin and skull, as well as the pathways of light stimulation, encompassing the eyes, skin, veins, and skull. Secondly, it deliberates on the molecular mechanisms of visible light on photosensitive proteins, within the context of brain disorders and other molecular pathways of light modulation. Lastly, the practical application of phototherapy in diverse clinical neurological disorders is indicated. Additionally, this review presents novel approaches that combine phototherapy and pharmacological interventions. Moreover, it outlines the limitations of phototherapeutics and proposes innovative strategies to improve the treatment of cerebral disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Ding
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Ziqi Gu
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Haishu Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Panpan Wang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Yilan Song
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Xincheng Zhang
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Mengyu Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Jinhan Chen
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China
| | - Hongbin Han
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Equipment and Technique, NMPA key Laboratory for Evaluation of Medical Imaging Equipment and Technique, Institute of Medical Technology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Jianhua Cheng
- Department of neurology, the first affiliated hospital of Wenzhou medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Zhiqian Tong
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Institute of Aging, Key Laboratory of Alzheimer's Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, PR China.
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Shirokov A, Blokhina I, Fedosov I, Ilyukov E, Terskov A, Myagkov D, Tuktarov D, Tzoy M, Adushkina V, Zlatogosrkaya D, Evsyukova A, Telnova V, Dubrovsky A, Dmitrenko A, Manzhaeva M, Krupnova V, Tuzhilkin M, Elezarova I, Navolokin N, Saranceva E, Iskra T, Lykova E, Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O. Different Effects of Phototherapy for Rat Glioma during Sleep and Wakefulness. Biomedicines 2024; 12:262. [PMID: 38397864 PMCID: PMC10886766 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
There is an association between sleep quality and glioma-specific outcomes, including survival. The critical role of sleep in survival among subjects with glioma may be due to sleep-induced activation of brain drainage (BD), that is dramatically suppressed in subjects with glioma. Emerging evidence demonstrates that photobiomodulation (PBM) is an effective technology for both the stimulation of BD and as an add-on therapy for glioma. Emerging evidence suggests that PBM during sleep stimulates BD more strongly than when awake. In this study on male Wistar rats, we clearly demonstrate that the PBM course during sleep vs. when awake more effectively suppresses glioma growth and increases survival compared with the control. The study of the mechanisms of this phenomenon revealed stronger effects of the PBM course in sleeping vs. awake rats on the stimulation of BD and an immune response against glioma, including an increase in the number of CD8+ in glioma cells, activation of apoptosis, and blockage of the proliferation of glioma cells. Our new technology for sleep-phototherapy opens a new strategy to improve the quality of medical care for patients with brain cancer, using promising smart-sleep and non-invasive approaches of glioma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Shirokov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, 410049 Saratov, Russia
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Inna Blokhina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Ivan Fedosov
- Physics Department, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.F.); (E.I.); (D.M.); (D.T.); (M.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Egor Ilyukov
- Physics Department, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.F.); (E.I.); (D.M.); (D.T.); (M.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Andrey Terskov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Dmitry Myagkov
- Physics Department, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.F.); (E.I.); (D.M.); (D.T.); (M.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Dmitry Tuktarov
- Physics Department, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.F.); (E.I.); (D.M.); (D.T.); (M.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Maria Tzoy
- Physics Department, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.F.); (E.I.); (D.M.); (D.T.); (M.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Viktoria Adushkina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Daria Zlatogosrkaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Arina Evsyukova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Valeria Telnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Alexander Dubrovsky
- Physics Department, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.F.); (E.I.); (D.M.); (D.T.); (M.T.); (A.D.)
| | - Alexander Dmitrenko
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Maria Manzhaeva
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Valeria Krupnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Matvey Tuzhilkin
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Inna Elezarova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Nikita Navolokin
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Saratov Medical State University, Bolshaya Kazachaya Str. 112, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Elena Saranceva
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Tatyana Iskra
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Ekaterina Lykova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
| | - Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (I.B.); (A.T.); (V.A.); (D.Z.); (A.E.); (V.T.); (A.D.); (M.M.); (V.K.); (M.T.); (I.E.); (N.N.); (E.S.); (T.I.); (E.L.)
- Physics Department, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
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Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O, Fedosov I, Zaikin A, Ageev V, Ilyukov E, Myagkov D, Tuktarov D, Blokhina I, Shirokov A, Terskov A, Zlatogorskaya D, Adushkina V, Evsukova A, Dubrovsky A, Tsoy M, Telnova V, Manzhaeva M, Dmitrenko A, Krupnova V, Kurths J. Technology of the photobiostimulation of the brain's drainage system during sleep for improvement of learning and memory in male mice. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:44-58. [PMID: 38223185 PMCID: PMC10783921 DOI: 10.1364/boe.505618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
In this study on healthy male mice using confocal imaging of dye spreading in the brain and its further accumulation in the peripheral lymphatics, we demonstrate stronger effects of photobiomodulation (PBM) on the brain's drainage system in sleeping vs. awake animals. Using the Pavlovian instrumental transfer probe and the 2-objects-location test, we found that the 10-day course of PBM during sleep vs. wakefulness promotes improved learning and spatial memory in mice. For the first time, we present the technology for PBM under electroencephalographic (EEG) control that incorporates modern state of the art facilities of optoelectronics and biopotential detection and that can be built of relatively cheap and commercially available components. These findings open a new niche in the development of smart technologies for phototherapy of brain diseases during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Physics Department, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivan Fedosov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexey Zaikin
- Department of Mathematics and Institute for Women's Health, University College London, 25 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AY, UK
- Centre for Analysis of Complex Systems, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 2, building 4, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Vasily Ageev
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Egor Ilyukov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Dmitry Myagkov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Dmitry Tuktarov
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Inna Blokhina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexander Shirokov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Entuziastov 13, Saratov 410049, Russia
| | - Andrey Terskov
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Daria Zlatogorskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Viktoria Adushkina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Arina Evsukova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexander Dubrovsky
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Maria Tsoy
- Institute of Physics, Saratov State University Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Valeria Telnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Maria Manzhaeva
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Alexander Dmitrenko
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Valeria Krupnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
| | - Jürgen Kurths
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya Str. 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia
- Physics Department, Humboldt University, Newtonstrasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Centre for Analysis of Complex Systems, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya 2, building 4, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegrafenberg A31, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
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Xu H, Luo Z, Zhang R, Golovynska I, Huang Y, Samanta S, Zhou T, Li S, Guo B, Liu L, Weng X, He J, Liao C, Wang Y, Ohulchanskyy TY, Qu J. Exploring the effect of photobiomodulation and gamma visual stimulation induced by 808 nm and visible LED in Alzheimer's disease mouse model. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 250:112816. [PMID: 38029664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Although photobiomodulation (PBM) and gamma visual stimulatqion (GVS) have been overwhelmingly explored in the recent time as a possible light stimulation (LS) means of Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy, their effects have not been assessed at once. In our research, the AD mouse model was stimulated using light with various parameters [continuous wave (PBM) or 40 Hz pulsed visible LED (GVS) or 40 Hz pulsed 808 nm LED (PBM and GVS treatment)]]. The brain slices collected from the LS treated AD model mice were evaluated using (i) fluorescence microscopy to image thioflavine-S labeled amy-loid-β (Aβ) plaques (the main hallmark of AD), or (ii) two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) imaging of unlabeled Aβ plaques, showing that the amount of Aβ plaques was reduced after LS treatment. The imaging results correlated well with the results of Morris water maze (MWM) test, which demonstrated that the spatial learning and memory abilities of LS treated mice were noticeably higher than those of untreated mice. The LS effect was also assessed by in vivo nonlinear optical imaging, revealing that the cerebral amyloid angiopathy decreased spe-cifically as a result of 40 Hz pulsed 808 nm irradiation, on the contrary, the angiopathy reversed after visible 40 Hz pulsed light treatment. The obtained results provide useful reference for further optimization of the LS (PBM or GVS) parameters to achieve efficient phototherapy of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Renlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Iuliia Golovynska
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yanxia Huang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Soham Samanta
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Shaowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Bingang Guo
- HOLOKOOK Co. LtD, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Weng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Changrui Liao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China
| | - Tymish Y Ohulchanskyy
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China.
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangdong Province, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and System, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System, School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, P.R. China.
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