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Swain H, Gantait S, Mandal N. Developments in biotechnological tools and techniques for production of reserpine. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s00253-023-12570-9. [PMID: 37212883 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12570-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the quest for novel medications, researchers have kept on studying nature to unearth beneficial plant species with medicinal qualities that may cure various diseases and disorders. These medicinal plants produce different bioactive secondary metabolites with immense therapeutic importance. One such valuable secondary metabolite, reserpine (C33H40N2O9), has been used for centuries to cure various ailments like hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, breast cancer, and human promyelocytic leukaemia. Rauvolfia spp. (family Apocynaceae) is an essential reservoir of this reserpine. The current review thoroughly covers different non-conventional or in vitro-mediated biotechnological methods adopted for pilot-scale as well as large-scale production of reserpine from Rauvolfia spp., including techniques like multiple shoot culture, callus culture, cell suspension culture, precursor feeding, elicitation, synthetic seed production, scale-up via bioreactor, and hairy root culture. This review further analyses the unexplored and cutting-edge biotechnological tools and techniques to alleviate reserpine production. KEY POINTS: • Reserpine, a vital indole alkaloid from Rauvolfia spp., has been used for centuries to cure several ailments. • Overview of biosynthetic pathways and biotechnological applications for enhanced production of reserpine. • Probes the research gaps and proposes novel alternative techniques to meet the pharmaceutical industry's need for reserpine while reducing the over-exploitation of natural resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshi Swain
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
| | - Saikat Gantait
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.
| | - Nirmal Mandal
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
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Dey A, Roy D, Mohture VM, Ghorai M, Rahman MH, Anand U, Dewanjee S, Radha, Kumar M, Prasanth DA, Jha NK, Jha SK, Shekhawat MS, Pandey DK. Biotechnological interventions and indole alkaloid production in Rauvolfia serpentina. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 106:4867-4883. [PMID: 35819514 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Rauvolfia serpentina (L). Benth. ex Kurz. (Apocynaceae), commonly known as Sarpagandha or Indian snakeroot, has long been used in the traditional treatment of snakebites, hypertension, and mental illness. The plant is known to produce an array of indole alkaloids such as reserpine, ajmaline, amalicine, etc. which show immense pharmacological and biomedical significance. However, owing to its poor seed viability, lesser germination rate and overexploitation for several decades for its commercially important bioactive constituents, the plant has become endangered in its natural habitat. The present review comprehensively encompasses the various biotechnological tools employed in this endangered Ayurvedic plant for its in vitro propagation, role of plant growth regulators and additives in direct and indirect regeneration, somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed production, secondary metabolite production in vitro, and assessment of clonal fidelity using molecular markers and genetic transformation. In addition, elicitation and other methods of optimization of its indole-alkaloids are also described herewith. KEY POINTS: • Latest literature on in vitro propagation of Rauvolfia serpentina • Biotechnological production and optimization of indole alkaloids • Clonal fidelity and transgenic studies in R. serpentina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debleena Roy
- PG Department of Botany, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vikas Moreshwar Mohture
- Department of Botany, Rashtrapita Mahatma Gandhi Arts and Science College, Nagbhid, Maharashtra, India, 441205
| | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Gangwon-do, Wonju, 26426, Korea
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, 84105, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700 032, West Bengal, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research On Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
| | - Dorairaj Arvind Prasanth
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636011, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Mahipal S Shekhawat
- Plant Biotechnology Unit, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Puducherry, 605 008, India
| | - Devendra Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
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Mukherjee E, Sarkar S, Bhattacharyya S, Gantait S. Ameliorated reserpine production via in vitro direct and indirect regeneration system in Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:294. [PMID: 32547899 PMCID: PMC7280406 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rauvolfia serpentina (L.) Benth. ex Kurz., popularly known as Indian Snakeroot plant, belonging to Apocynaceae family, holds immense medicinal importance, owing to its rich source of multiple secondary metabolites such as ajmaline, ajmalicine, reserpine, and serpentine. To meet the constant demands for the key secondary metabolite (reserpine) by majority of the pharmaceutical industries, the present study assessed the effects of direct and indirect regeneration system on amelioration of reserpine accumulation in shoots of R. serpentina. In vitro multiple shoot cultures were established using shoot tip explants. Best results for shoot initiation, multiplication, and biomass production were obtained in case of Murashige and Skoog medium, supplemented with 1 mg/l N6-benzyladenine. The multiple shoots were then sub-cultured on cytokinin–auxin combination media for further proliferation. Highest shoot and leaf multiplication rates and the most enhanced biomass were obtained in case of 1–1.5 mg/l Kinetin + 0.2 mg/l α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Callus induction and its subsequent proliferation was obtained using 1.5 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The best indirect shoot regeneration with highest shoot and leaf proliferation from calli was observed in case of 1 mg/l thidiazuron + 0.2 mg/l NAA. Reserpine content estimation via HPTLC from in vitro shoots (direct regeneration) and calli (indirect regeneration) were recorded to undergo an almost three-fold and two-fold increment (respectively) in comparison to that of the mother plant. Thus, in vitro direct regeneration system proved to be more effective and efficient in ameliorating the reserpine content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eashan Mukherjee
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741252 India
| | - Sutanu Sarkar
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741252 India
| | - Somnath Bhattacharyya
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741252 India
| | - Saikat Gantait
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal 741252 India
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Mukherjee E, Gantait S, Kundu S, Sarkar S, Bhattacharyya S. Biotechnological interventions on the genus Rauvolfia: recent trends and imminent prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7325-7354. [PMID: 31363825 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rauvolfia spp., also known as devil peppers, are a group of evergreen shrubs and trees. Among the ~ 76 various species, Rauvolfia serpentina is the most important one as it finds its use as an important medicinal plant. It is commonly known as the Indian snakeroot plant or Sarpagandha. The plant is rich in multiple secondary metabolites. Some of the well-known secondary metabolites are reserpine, ajmaline, ajmalicine, serpentine, yohimbine, etc. Alkaloids are also found in all parts of the plant but the richest sources are the roots. Since ancient times, roots (mainly due to reserpine) have been utilized in various Ayurvedic and Unani medicinal preparations for the treatment of diseases like hypertension, anxiety, insomnia and schizophrenia. Apart from this, there are many other pharmacological and ethnobotanical uses of this plant. There are a number of published reports regarding tissue culture techniques on Rauvolfia spp. The current review mainly illustrates and discusses the various in vitro biotechnological aspects such as direct regeneration, indirect regeneration via callus formation, somatic embryogenesis, synthetic seed production, hairy root culture, polyploidy induction and secondary metabolite estimation, which provides significant ideas regarding the ongoing research activities and future prospects related to the genetic improvement of this genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eashan Mukherjee
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
| | - Saikat Gantait
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India.
| | - Suprabuddha Kundu
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
| | - Sutanu Sarkar
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
| | - Somnath Bhattacharyya
- Crop Research Unit (Genetics and Plant Breeding), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal, 741252, India
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