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Amissah NA, Chlebowicz MA, Ablordey A, Tetteh CS, Prah I, van der Werf TS, Friedrich AW, van Dijl JM, Stienstra Y, Rossen JW. Virulence potential of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Buruli ulcer patients. Int J Med Microbiol 2017; 307:223-232. [PMID: 28442219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Buruli ulcer (BU) is a necrotizing infection of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans. BU wounds may also be colonized with other microorganisms including Staphylococcus aureus. This study aimed to characterize the virulence factors of S. aureus isolated from BU patients. Previously sequenced genomes of 21 S. aureus isolates from BU patients were screened for the presence of virulence genes. The results show that all S. aureus isolates harbored on their core genomes genes for known virulence factors like α-hemolysin, and the α- and β-phenol soluble modulins. Besides the core genome virulence genes, mobile genetic elements (MGEs), i.e. prophages, genomic islands, pathogenicity islands and a Staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCC) were found to carry different combinations of virulence factors, among them genes that are known to encode factors that promote immune evasion, superantigens and Panton-Valentine Leucocidin. The present observations imply that the S. aureus isolates from BU patients harbor a diverse repertoire of virulence genes that may enhance bacterial survival and persistence in the wound environment and potentially contribute to delayed wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Ama Amissah
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.
| | - Monika A Chlebowicz
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony Ablordey
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Caitlin S Tetteh
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Isaac Prah
- Department of Bacteriology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Tjip S van der Werf
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alex W Friedrich
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ymkje Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine/Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - John W Rossen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Löffler B, Niemann S, Ehrhardt C, Horn D, Lanckohr C, Lina G, Ludwig S, Peters G. Pathogenesis of Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing pneumonia: the role of PVL and an influenza coinfection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2013; 11:1041-51. [PMID: 24073746 DOI: 10.1586/14787210.2013.827891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Only recently necrotizing pneumonia was defined as a specific disease entity that is caused by a Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-producing Staphylococcus aureus strain and is frequently preceded by an influenza infection. Necrotizing pneumonia is characterized by a sudden onset and rapid worsening of symptoms, leukopenia, airway hemorrhages, severe respiratory failure and a high mortality rate. Despite clear epidemiological data, the function of PVL in necrotizing pneumonia has been controversially discussed due to conflicting results from different disease models. Furthermore, there are many proposed mechanisms how a viral infection could facilitate and interact with a bacterial superinfection. In this review, we summarize current data from 43 clinical cases and results from various infection models on necrotizing pneumonia. We discuss the contribution of S. aureus PVL and a preceding influenza infection and present a concept of the pathogenesis of necrotizing pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Löffler
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital of Münster, Domagkstraße 10, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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