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Sengupta S, Basak P, Ghosh P, Pramanik A, Chakraborty A, Mukhopadhyay M, Sen A, Bhattacharyya M. Study of nano-hydroxyapatite tagged alkaline protease isolated from Himalayan sub-alpine Forest soil bacteria and role in recalcitrant feather waste degradation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127317. [PMID: 37820911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Purified calcium serine metalloprotease from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain SMPB12 exhibits highest enzyme activity at pH 9 and temperature range between 15 °C-25 °C. Enzyme supplemented with 40 μM Ca-Hap-NP (NP-protease) showed maximum elevated activity of 17.29 μmole/min/ml (1.9-fold of original protease activity). The thermostability of the enzyme was maintained for 1 h at 60 °C over an alkaline pH range 7.5-10, as compared to the NP untreated enzyme whose activity was of 8.97 μmole/min/ml. A significant loss of activity with EDTA (1.05 μmole/min/ml, 11.75 %), PMSF (0.93 μmole/min/ml, 10.46 %) and Hg2+ (3.81 μmole/min/ml, 42.49 %) was also observed. Kinetics study of NP-protease showed maximum decreases in Km (28.11 %) from 0.28 mM (NP untreated enzyme) to 0.22 mM (NP-protease) along with maximum increase in Vmax (42.88 %) from 1.25 μmole/min/ml to 1.79 μmole/min/ml at varying temperatures. The enhanced activity of NP-protease was able to efficiently degrade recalcitrant solid wastes like feather to produce value-added products like amino acids and helps in declogging recalcitrant solid wastes. The nano-enabled protease may be utilized in a smaller amount for degrading in bulk recalcitrant solid proteinaceous waste at 15 °C temperature as declogging agents providing an eco-friendly efficient process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shritoma Sengupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Pijush Basak
- Jagadis Bose National Science Talent Search, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Piya Ghosh
- Department of Microbiology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Arnab Pramanik
- Jagadis Bose National Science Talent Search, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | | | - Aparna Sen
- Department of Microbiology, Lady Brabourne College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Ariaeenejad S, Kavousi K, Mamaghani ASA, Ghasemitabesh R, Hosseini Salekdeh G. Simultaneous hydrolysis of various protein-rich industrial wastes by a naturally evolved protease from tannery wastewater microbiota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 815:152796. [PMID: 34986419 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elimination of protein-rich waste materials is one of the vital environmental protection requirements. Using of non-naturally occurring chemicals for their remediation properties can potentially induce new pollutants. Therefore, enzymes encoded in the genomes of microorganisms evolved in the same environment can be considered suitable alternatives to chemicals. Identification of efficient proteases that can hydrolyze recalcitrant, protein-rich wastes produced by various industrial processes has been widely welcomed as an eco-friendly waste management strategy. In this direction, we attempted to screen a thermo-halo-alkali-stable metagenome-derived protease (PersiProtease1) from tannery wastewater. The PersiProtease1 exhibited high pH stability over a wide range and at 1 h in pH 11.0 maintained 87.59% activity. The enzyme possessed high thermal stability while retaining 76.64% activity after 1 h at 90 °C. Moreover, 65.34% of the initial activity of the enzyme remained in the presence of 6 M NaCl, showing tolerance against high salinity. The presence of various metal ions, inhibitors, and organic solvents did not remarkably inhibit the activity of the discovered protease. The PersiProtease1 was extracted from the tannery wastewater microbiota and efficiently applied for biodegradation of real sample tannery wastewater protein, chicken feathers, whey protein, dehairing sheepskins, and waste X-ray films. PersiProtease1 proved its enormous potential in simultaneous biodegradation of solid and liquid protein-rich industrial wastes based on the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Ariaeenejad
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Sheykh Abdollahzadeh Mamaghani
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Rezvaneh Ghasemitabesh
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran; Department of Molecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, NSW, Australia.
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Sar T, Harirchi S, Ramezani M, Bulkan G, Akbas MY, Pandey A, Taherzadeh MJ. Potential utilization of dairy industries by-products and wastes through microbial processes: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152253. [PMID: 34902412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The dairy industry generates excessive amounts of waste and by-products while it gives a wide range of dairy products. Alternative biotechnological uses of these wastes need to be determined to aerobic and anaerobic treatment systems due to their high chemical oxygen demand (COD) levels and rich nutrient (lactose, protein and fat) contents. This work presents a critical review on the fermentation-engineering aspects based on defining the effective use of dairy effluents in the production of various microbial products such as biofuel, enzyme, organic acid, polymer, biomass production, etc. In addition to microbial processes, techno-economic analyses to the integration of some microbial products into the biorefinery and feasibility of the related processes have been presented. Overall, the inclusion of dairy wastes into the designed microbial processes seems also promising for commercial approaches. Especially the digestion of dairy wastes with cow manure and/or different substrates will provide a positive net present value (NPV) and a payback period (PBP) less than 10 years to the plant in terms of biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taner Sar
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Sharareh Harirchi
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohaddaseh Ramezani
- Microorganisms Bank, Iranian Biological Resource Centre (IBRC), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gülru Bulkan
- Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden
| | - Meltem Yesilcimen Akbas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gebze Technical University, Gebze-Kocaeli 41400, Turkey
| | - Ashok Pandey
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
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Isolation and biochemical characterization of a novel serine protease identified from solid tannery waste metagenome. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00832-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Two-step functional screen on multiple proteinaceous substrates reveals temperature-robust proteases with a broad-substrate range. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:3195-3209. [PMID: 33770243 PMCID: PMC8053189 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abstract To support the bio-based industry in development of environment-friendly processes and products, an optimal toolbox of biocatalysts is key. Although functional screen of (meta)genomic libraries may potentially contribute to identifying new enzymes, the discovery of new enzymes meeting industry compliance demands is still challenging. This is particularly noticeable in the case of proteases, for which the reports of metagenome-derived proteases with industrial applicability are surprisingly limited. Indeed, proteolytic clones have been typically assessed by its sole activity on casein or skim milk and limited to mild screening conditions. Here, we demonstrate the use of six industry-relevant animal and plant by-products, namely bone, feather, blood meals, gelatin, gluten, and zein, as complementary substrates in functional screens and show the utility of temperature as a screening parameter to potentially discover new broad-substrate range and robust proteases for the biorefinery industry. By targeting 340,000 clones from two libraries of pooled isolates of mesophilic and thermophilic marine bacteria and two libraries of microbial communities inhabiting marine environments, we identified proteases in four of eleven selected clones that showed activity against all substrates herein tested after prolonged incubation at 55 °C. Following sequencing, in silico analysis and recombinant expression in Escherichia coli, one functional protease, 58% identical at sequence level to previously reported homologs, was found to readily hydrolyze highly insoluble zein at temperatures up to 50 °C and pH 9–11. It is derived from a bacterial group whose ability to degrade zein was unknown. This study reports a two-step screen resulting in identification of a new marine metagenome-derived protease with zein-hydrolytic properties at common biomass processing temperatures that could be useful for the modern biorefinery industry. Key points • A two-step multi-substrate strategy for discovery of robust proteases. • Feasible approach for shortening enzyme optimization to industrial demands. • A new temperature-tolerant protease efficiently hydrolyzes insoluble zein. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00253-021-11235-9.
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Sun J, Li P, Liu Z, Huang W, Mao X. A novel thermostable serine protease from a metagenomic library derived from marine sediments in the East China Sea. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9229-9238. [PMID: 32965562 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Thermal activity and stability are important characteristics for proteases applied in the detergent, pharmaceutical, food, and other green industries. With the intent to discover thermostable novel proteases, we constructed a fosmid metagenomic library from marine sediments in the East China Sea and isolated a clone endowed with high proteolytic activity from this library. Sequence analysis of the positive subclones allowed the identification of a coding region of 1254 bp related to protease activity. The unrooted phylogenetic tree and alignment results revealed that the sequence might be derived from Anaerolineaceae bacterium and encodes a new member of the peptidase S8A subfamily with the typical catalytic triad Asp119/His150/Ser325. The fusion protein, named pF1AL2, was expressed in Escherichia coli and showed a molecular weight of 35 kDa. pF1AL2 was active in the pH range of 5.0-11.0 with an optimal pH at 10.0 and had high stability under alkaline conditions, retaining more than 95% of its activity after 24 h at pH 11.0. The optimal temperature of pF1AL2 was 80 °C, and it retained nearly 80% of its activity after 6 h at 70 °C, showing great thermal activity and stability. In addition, the enzyme had great salt tolerance (the residual activity when kept in 3 M NaCl was 40%). Its thermal activity and stability, along with its halotolerance and pH-tolerance, indicate the high potential value of pF1AL2 in industrial applications. The exploitation of pF1AL2 could lay the foundation for the development and utilization of proteases with special features from marine resources by a metagenomic strategy. KEY POINTS: • A novel protease, pF1AL2, from marine sediments, was screened out by a metagenomic strategy. • The protease pF1AL2 analyzed in silico, cloned, and characterized. • pF1AL2 had an optimal temperature of 80 °C and retained nearly 80% of activity after 6 h at 70 °C. • pF1AL2 had great tolerance for high-temperature and acid, alkaline, and high salt environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wencan Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiangzhao Mao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China. .,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Rational design to improve activity of the Est3563 esterase from Acinetobacter sp. LMB-5. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 131:109331. [PMID: 31615665 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acinetobacter sp. strain LMB-5 can produce a kind of esterase degrading phthalate esters. However, low activity of Est3563 esterase limited its large-scale application. In this study, computer-aided simulation mutagenesis was used to improve the esterase activity with a tightened screening library and enlarged success rate. Two positive mutants, P218R and A242R, were obtained with 2.5 and 2.1 folds higher than the WT Est3563 esterase, with 11.96 ± 0.45 U·mg-1 and 9.90 ± 0.52 U·mg-1, respectively. With the help of bioinformatics analysis and three-dimensional printing technology, it was found that the mutations could increase the 240-280 residues swing distance and make them deviate from the catalytic pocket. The instability and deviation of these residues on the lid-like structure of the esterase could deteriorate the seal of the binding pocket and expose the active site. Thus, the catalytic efficiency of the mutants became higher. This result demonstrates that the instability and deviation of the lid-like structure could expand the binding pocket of the esterase and enhance the esterase activity.
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Shamim K, Sharma J, Mutnale M, Dubey SK, Mujawar S. Characterization of a metagenomic serine metalloprotease and molecular docking studies. Process Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Deng J, Wu Q, Gao H, Ou Q, Wu B, Yan B, Jiang C. Molecular Characterization and Directed Evolution of a Metagenome-Derived l-Cysteine Sulfinate Decarboxylase. Food Technol Biotechnol 2018; 56:117-123. [PMID: 29796005 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.56.01.18.5415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
l-Cysteine sulfinate decarboxylase (CSD, EC 4.1.1.29), the rate-limiting enzyme in taurine synthesis pathway, catalyzes l-cysteine sulfinic acid to form hypotaurine. Identification of the novel CSD that could improve the biosynthetic efficiency of taurine is important. An unexplored decarboxylase gene named undec1A was identified in a previous work through sequence-based screening of uncultured soil microorganisms. Random mutagenesis through sequential error-prone polymerase chain reaction was used in Undec1A. A mutant Undec1A-1180, which was obtained from mutagenesis library, had 5.62-fold higher specific activity than Undec1A at 35 °C and pH=7.0. Molecular docking results indicated that amino acid residues Ala235, Val237, Asp239, Ile267, Ala268, and Lys298 in the Undec1A-1180 protein helped recognize and catalyze the substrate molecules of l-cysteine sulfinic acid. These results could serve as a basis for elucidating the characteristics of the Undec1A-1180. Directed evolution technology is a convenient way to improve the biotechnological applications of metagenome-derived genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Deng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 92 Changqing Rd., Beihai, Guangxi, PR China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Qiaofen Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Hua Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Qian Ou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Bing Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 92 Changqing Rd., Beihai, Guangxi, PR China
| | - Chengjian Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi Mangrove Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, 92 Changqing Rd., Beihai, Guangxi, PR China.,State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Rd., Nanning, Guangxi, PR China
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