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Sharifi S, Maleki Dizaj S, Ahmadian E, Karimpour A, Maleki A, Memar MY, Ghavimi MA, Dalir Abdolahinia E, Goh KW. A Biodegradable Flexible Micro/Nano-Structured Porous Hemostatic Dental Sponge. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3436. [PMID: 36234564 PMCID: PMC9565827 DOI: 10.3390/nano12193436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A biodegradable micro/nano-structured porous hemostatic gelatin-based sponge as a dentistry surgery foam was prepared using a freeze-drying method. In vitro function evaluation tests were performed to ensure its hemostatic effect. Biocompatibility tests were also performed to show the compatibility of the sponge on human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2) cells and red blood cells (RBCs). Then, 10 patients who required the extraction of two teeth were selected, and after teeth extraction, for dressing, the produced sponge was placed in one of the extracavities while a commercial sponge was placed in the cavity in the other tooth as a control. The total weight of the absorbed blood in each group was compared. The results showed a porous structure with micrometric and nanometric pores, flexibility, a two-week range for degradation, and an ability to absorb blood 35 times its weight in vitro. The prepared sponge showed lower blood clotting times (BCTs) (243.33 ± 2.35 s) and a lower blood clotting index (BCI) (10.67 ± 0.004%) compared to two commercial sponges that displayed its ability for faster coagulation and good hemostatic function. It also had no toxic effects on the HFFF2 cells and RBCs. The clinical assessment showed a better ability of blood absorption for the produced sponge (p-value = 0.0015). The sponge is recommended for use in dental surgeries because of its outstanding abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sharifi
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Solmaz Maleki Dizaj
- Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Elham Ahmadian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Alireza Karimpour
- Kimia Pajuhesh Nanofarnam Compony, Tabriz Medical Equipment Technology Incubator Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Abdollah Maleki
- Non-Destructive Testing Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424 Hafez Ave, Tehran 15914, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ghavimi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Elaheh Dalir Abdolahinia
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Sciences and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 78100, Malaysia
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