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Tan S, Zhang J, Peng Y, Du W, Yan J, Fang Q. Integrative transcriptome analysis reveals alternative polyadenylation potentially contributes to GCRV early infection. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1269164. [PMID: 38029205 PMCID: PMC10656684 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1269164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Grass carp reovirus (GCRV), a member of the Aquareovirus genus in the Reoviridae family, is considered to be the most pathogenic aquareovirus. Productive viral infection requires extensive interactions between viruses and host cells. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying GCRV early infection remains elusive. Methods In this study we performed transcriptome and DNA methylome analyses with Ctenopharyngodon idellus kidney (CIK) cells infected with GCRV at 0, 4, and 8 h post infection (hpi), respectively. Results We found that at early infection stage the differentially expressed genes related to defense response and immune response in CIK cells are activated. Although DNA methylation pattern of CIK cells 8 hpi is similar to mock-infected cells, we identified a considerable number of genes that selectively utilize alternative polyadenylation sites. Particularly, we found that biological processes of cytoskeleton organization and regulation of microtubule polymerization are statistically enriched in the genes with altered 3'UTRs. Discussion Our results suggest that alternative polyadenylation potentially contributes to GCRV early infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Tan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yonglin Peng
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfei Du
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai, Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingxuan Yan
- Bio-ID Center, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Lu JF, Luo S, Tang H, Liang JH, Zhao YF, Hu Y, Yang GJ, Chen J. Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus enters cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway in a pH-, dynamin-, microtubule-, rab5-, and rab7-dependent manner. J Virol 2023; 97:e0071423. [PMID: 37735152 PMCID: PMC10617426 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00714-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although Micropterus salmoides rhabdovirus (MSRV) causes serious fish epidemics worldwide, the detailed mechanism of MSRV entry into host cells remains unknown. Here, we comprehensively investigated the mechanism of MSRV entry into epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells. This study demonstrated that MSRV enters EPC cells via a low pH, dynamin-dependent, microtubule-dependent, and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Subsequently, MSRV transports from early endosomes to late endosomes and further into lysosomes in a microtubule-dependent manner. The characterization of MSRV entry will further advance the understanding of rhabdovirus cellular entry pathways and provide novel targets for antiviral drug against MSRV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Fei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Sheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Hao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jia-Hui Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Guan-Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Hsp90 Regulates GCRV-II Proliferation by Interacting with VP35 as Its Receptor and Chaperone. J Virol 2022; 96:e0117522. [PMID: 36102647 PMCID: PMC9555151 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01175-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequent outbreak of grass carp hemorrhagic disease caused by grass carp reovirus (GCRV), especially the mainly prevalent type II GCRV (GCRV-II), has seriously affected the grass carp culture in China. However, its pathogenic mechanism is still far from clear. In this study, the GCRV-II outer capsid protein VP35 was used as bait to capture interacting partners from Ctenopharyngon idellus kidney (CIK) cells, and heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) was selected and confirmed interacting with VP35 through the C-terminal domain of Hsp90. Knockdown of Hsp90 or inhibition of Hsp90 activity suppressed GCRV-II proliferation, demonstrating that Hsp90 is an essential factor for GCRV-II proliferation. The confocal microscopy and flow cytometry showed that Hsp90 localized at both membrane and cytoplasm of CIK cells. The entry of GCRV-II into CIK cells was efficiently blocked by incubating the cells with Hsp90 antibody or by pretreating the virus with recombinant Hsp90 protein. Whereas overexpression of Hsp90 in CIK cells, grass carp ovary (GCO) cells, or 293T cells promoted GCRV-II entry, indicating that the membrane Hsp90 functions as a receptor of GCRV-II. Furthermore, Hsp90 interacted with clathrin and mediated GCRV-II entry into CIK cells through clathrin endocytosis pathway. In addition, we found that the cytoplasmic Hsp90 acted as a chaperone of VP35 because inhibition of Hsp90 activity enhanced VP35 polyubiquitination and degraded VP35 through the proteasome pathway. Collectively, our data suggest that Hsp90 functions both as a receptor for GCRV-II entry and a chaperone for the maturation of GCRV-II VP35, thus ensuring efficient proliferation of GCRV-II. IMPORTANCE Identification of viral receptors has always been the research hot spot in virus research field as receptor functions at the first stage of viral infection, which can be designed as efficient antiviral drug targets. GCRV-II, the causative agent of the grass carp epidemic hemorrhagic disease, has caused tremendous losses in grass carp culture in China. To date, the receptor of GCRV-II remains unknown. This study focused on identifying cellular receptor interacting with the GCRV-II outer capsid protein VP35, studying the effects of their interaction on GCRV-II proliferation, and revealing the underlying mechanisms. We demonstrated that Hsp90 acts both as a receptor of GCRV-II by interacting with VP35 and as a chaperone for the maturation of VP35, thus ensuring efficient proliferation of GCRV-II. Our data provide important insights into the role of Hsp90 in GCRV-II life cycle, which will help understand the mechanism of reovirus infection.
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Guan Y, Sun B, Zhang S, Zhuang Y, Huang Y, Lin M, Zheng R, Chen D, Shi Y, Wang Y. Hepatitis B Virus Induces Microtubule Stabilization to Promote Productive Infection through Upregulating Microtubule-associated Protein 1S. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:467-473. [PMID: 35836766 PMCID: PMC9240238 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Continuous release and transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the main factors leading to chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. However, the mechanism of HBV-host interaction for optimal viral transport is unclear. Hence, we aimed to explore how HBV manipulates microtubule-associated protein 1S (MAP1S) and microtubule (MT) to facilitate its transport and release. METHODS The expression of MAP1S or acetylated MT was investigated by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and plasmid transfection. MAP1S overexpression or knockdown was performed by lentiviral infection or sh-RNA transfection, respectively. HBV DNA was quantified using q-PCR. RESULTS Significantly higher level of MAP1S in HepG2215 cells compared with HepG2 cells was detected using RT-PCR (p<0.01) and immunoblotting (p<0.001). Notably, stronger MAP1S expression was observed in the liver tissues of patients with CHB than in healthy controls. MAP1S overexpression or knockdown demonstrated that MAP1S promoted MT acetylation and reduced the ratio of HBV DNA copies inside to outside cells. Further, transfection with the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-expressing plasmids induced significantly higher level of MAP1S than that in controls (p<0.0001), whereas HBVX- mutant-encoding HBV proteins (surface antigen, core protein, and viral DNA polymerase) hardly affected its expression. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that HBx induces the formation of stable MTs to promote the release of HBV particles through upregulating MAP1S. Thus, our studies delineate a unique molecular pathway through which HBV manipulates the cytoskeleton to facilitate its own transportation, and indicate the possibility of targeting MAP1S pathway for treatment of patients with CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyue Guan
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Sun
- Department of Intervention Therapy Center of Tumor and Liver Diseases, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanxiang Huang
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Minghua Lin
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongling Zheng
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dexi Chen
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Shi
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence to: Yanjun Wang and Ying Shi, Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-6816 (YW), https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-0817 (YS). Tel: +86-10-8399-7407, E-mail: (YW), (YS)
| | - Yanjun Wang
- Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Correspondence to: Yanjun Wang and Ying Shi, Department of Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Department of Beijing Engineering Research Center for Precision Medicine and Transformation of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9602-6816 (YW), https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5838-0817 (YS). Tel: +86-10-8399-7407, E-mail: (YW), (YS)
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Chan Y, Ng SW, Singh SK, Gulati M, Gupta G, Chaudhary SK, Hing GB, Collet T, MacLoughlin R, Löbenberg R, Oliver BG, Chellappan DK, Dua K. Revolutionizing polymer-based nanoparticle-linked vaccines for targeting respiratory viruses: A perspective. Life Sci 2021; 280:119744. [PMID: 34174324 PMCID: PMC8223024 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Viral respiratory tract infections have significantly impacted global health as well as socio-economic growth. Respiratory viruses such as the influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and the recent SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) typically infect the upper respiratory tract by entry through the respiratory mucosa before reaching the lower respiratory tract, resulting in respiratory disease. Generally, vaccination is the primary method in preventing virus pathogenicity and it has been shown to remarkably reduce the burden of various infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the efficacy of conventional vaccines may be hindered by certain limitations, prompting the need to develop novel vaccine delivery vehicles to immunize against various strains of respiratory viruses and to mitigate the risk of a pandemic. In this review, we provide an insight into how polymer-based nanoparticles can be integrated with the development of vaccines to effectively enhance immune responses for combating viral respiratory tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sin Wi Ng
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India
| | - Sushil Kumar Chaudhary
- Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Mussoorie-Diversion Road, Makkawala, Dehradun 248 009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Goh Bey Hing
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Trudi Collet
- Innovative Medicines Group, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ronan MacLoughlin
- Aerogen, IDA Business Park, Dangan, H91 HE94 Galway, Ireland; School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, D02 YN77 Dublin, Ireland; School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College, D02 PN40 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Raimar Löbenberg
- University of Alberta, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada
| | - Brian G Oliver
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kamal Dua
- University of Alberta, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Edmonton, AB T6G 2N8, Canada; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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