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Lechien JR, Vaira LA, Chiesa-Estomba CM. Laryngeal verrucous cell carcinoma. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2024; 32:118-124. [PMID: 37820109 DOI: 10.1097/moo.0000000000000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize the recent literature on epidemiology, clinical findings, treatment, and survival of laryngeal verrucous cell carcinoma (LVC). RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiological studies report that LVC accounts for 1-3% of all laryngeal cancers. The incidence is decreasing, while most patients are male individuals and smokers. LVC are commonly detected in early stages because they are more frequently located in the glottic region. Tobacco, alcohol overuse, and, possibly, human papilloma virus are the main contributing factors. Recent studies confirm that surgery is the primary therapeutic approach with better prognosis when compared with other treatment modalities. Surgery alone is associated with 86.8% disease-free and 80.3% overall survival rates, while metastases are anecdotal. SUMMARY LVC presents different clinical, pathological, and survival outcomes when compared with the classic laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Biopsies need often to be repeated before getting the most appropriate diagnosis; this supports the need of large-sample biopsy during the tumor diagnosis and staging. The glottic location of most LVC leads to detection of this lesion in its early stages, with ensuing better survival and outcomes after surgery compared with the classic form of squamous cell carcinoma. Future studies are needed to understand the biology of LVC and its related better prognostic outcomes when compared to other laryngeal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome R Lechien
- Laryngology Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, Mons School of Medicine, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons (UMons), Mons
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHU Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, Paris Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Luigi A Vaira
- Maxillofacial Surgery Operative Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Biomedical Sciences Department, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carlos M Chiesa-Estomba
- Laryngology Study Group of Young-Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto-rhino-laryngological Societies (YO-IFOS), Paris, France
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, San Sebastian University Hospital, San Sebastian, Spain
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Wu CL, Huang CC, Wu SY, Jiang SS, Tsai FY, Hsiao JR. A new scoring system facilitating diagnosis of oral squamous malignancy on biopsy specimens. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:165. [PMID: 35524231 PMCID: PMC9074340 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphological evaluation of oral mucosal biopsy is sometimes inconclusive, which may delay the diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous malignancy. Immunohistochemical biomarkers denoting oral squamous malignancy would be clinically helpful in such scenario. METHODS We first studied the expression patterns of four potential biomarkers (cytokeratin 13, cytokeratin 17, Ki-67 and laminin 5 gamma 2 chain) in an exploratory cohort containing 54 surgical specimens from confirmed oral squamous malignancies. A pattern score was assigned to each specific expression pattern of these four biomarkers. A total score from each specimen was then calculated by summing up the four pattern scores. A cut-off value of total score denoting oral squamous malignancy was then determined. Another 34 oral squamous malignancies that were misdiagnosed as non-malignant lesions on their pre-treatment biopsies were used as a validation cohort to test the clinical utility of this scoring system. RESULTS In the exploratory cohort, fifty-two (96%) of the 54 confirmed oral squamous malignancies had a total score of 9 and above. In the validation cohort, thirty-one (91%) of the 34 pre-treatment oral biopsy specimens also had a total score of 9 or above, supporting the feasibility of using this scoring system to predict immediate risk of oral squamous malignancy. CONCLUSIONS Our four-biomarker "oral squamous malignancy scoring system" provides reliable prediction for immediate risk of oral squamous malignancy on pre-treatment oral biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Lin Wu
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chih Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Yin Wu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Jiang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Tsai
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Jenn-Ren Hsiao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Otolaryngology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng Li Road, Tainan, 70456, Taiwan.
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Naik AN, Silverman DA, Rygalski CJ, Zhao S, Brock G, Lin C, Puram SV, Rocco JW, Baliga S, VanKoevering KK, Old MO, Seim NB, Kang SY. Postoperative Radiation Therapy in Oral Cavity Verrucous Carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2022; 132:1953-1961. [PMID: 34989407 DOI: 10.1002/lary.30009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS We investigate the clinicopathologic and treatment factors associated with the use of postoperative radiation therapy (PORT) and its effect on overall survival (OS) for patients with oral cavity verrucous carcinoma (VC). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) from 2006 to 2015 was performed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify independent predictive factors associated with the use of PORT. Cox Regression survival and propensity score analyses were used to evaluate the effect of PORT on mortality. RESULTS A total of 356 adult patients with primary oral cavity VC who underwent definitive surgical resection were identified. A total of 10.7% of patients underwent definitive surgical resection followed by PORT. Variables associated with PORT included distance to the hospital per 10 miles (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.81 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.70-0.95]) and stage III-IV disease (aOR, 12.13 and 23.92, respectively). Multivariable Cox regression survival analysis indicated no evidence of survival benefit in patients undergoing PORT compared to surgery alone (adjusted hazard ratio 1.50 [0.74-3.05], P = .23). Propensity score analysis also showed no OS benefit with the use of PORT (P = .41). CONCLUSIONS Variables associated with the use of PORT on multivariable analysis included closer distance to hospital and stage III-IV disease. No clear survival benefit with PORT was identified on either multivariable survival analysis or propensity score analysis. These results suggest that surgery alone with negative margins may be the optimal treatment for patients with oral cavity VC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 4 Laryngoscope, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash N Naik
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Dustin A Silverman
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis Health System, Sacramento, California, U.S.A
| | | | - Songzhu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Guy Brock
- Department of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A
| | - Sidharth V Puram
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.A
| | - James W Rocco
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Sujith Baliga
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Kyle K VanKoevering
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Matthew O Old
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Nolan B Seim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
| | - Stephen Y Kang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A
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Menaka TR, Ravikumar SS, Dhivya K, Thilagavathi N, Dinakaran J, Kalaichelvan V. Immunohistochemical expression and evaluation of cyclin D1 and minichromosome maintenance 2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and verrucous carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022; 26:44-51. [PMID: 35571317 PMCID: PMC9106226 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_446_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study of cell proliferation is important for assessing the tumor behavior, prognosis and patient survival of oral carcinomas. As literature search did not reveal sufficient studies of immunohistochemical expression of cyclin D1 and minichromosome maintenance 2 (MCM2) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and verrucous carcinoma (VC), the present study was undertaken. Materials and Methods The study group included 20 cases of histopathologically diagnosed OSCC, 10 cases of VC and 10 cases of normal mucosa (NM). All samples were evaluated for the expression of cyclin D1 and MCM2 using standard Immunohistochemistry (IHC) procedure.The present study involved both qualitative and quantitative analyses. Qualitative analysis was done by evaluation of intensity and area of staining. Quantitative analysis was done by calculating the percentage of positively stained cells and assessing the labeling index (LI). Data obtained were subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS statistical package (version 23.0). Results On evaluating and comparing the intensity of staining and area of staining of cyclin D1 and MCM2 between the study groups, statistically significant values (P < 0.05) were obtained using Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA. Comparison of LI of cyclin D1 and MCM2 in NM, OSCC and VC statistically significant results (P < 0.05) was obtained using Mann-Whitney U-test. Mean LI of MCM2 was found to be significantly higher than mean LI of cyclin D1 in all the study groups. Conclusion From the present study, we conclude that MCM2 has the potential to serve as a novel cell proliferation biomarker in OSCC and VC when compared to cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- T R Menaka
- Consultant Oral Pathologist and Private Dental Practitioner, R.J.Dental Clinic, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Shamala Ravikumar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Dhivya
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Thilagavathi
- Oral Medicine, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Dinakaran
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Adhiparasakthi Dental College and Hospital, Melmaruvathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vinoth Kalaichelvan
- Consultant Oral Pathologist and Private Dental Practitioner, R.J.Dental Clinic, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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Mahdavi N, Aminishakib P, Nabiyi P, Ghanadan A, Ghorbanpour M, Soluk-Tekkesin M. Evaluation of the presence of myofibroblasts and matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression in the stroma of oral verrucous hyperplasia and verrucous carcinoma. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2021; 63:369-375. [PMID: 32769324 DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_548_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral verrucous carcinoma is a low-grade subtype of oral squamous cell carcinoma that should be differentiated from oral verrucous hyperplasia, a premalignant lesion. Stromal activated myofibroblasts known as cancer-associated fibroblasts have an active role in the initiation and progression of the cancers via secretion of different molecules including matrix metalloproteinases. Aims This study is designed to understand the differences in the presence of myofibroblasts and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in the adjacent stroma of verrucous carcinoma and oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH). Settings and Design Cross-sectional study. Material and Methods Twenty-seven OVH, 19 oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC), and 8 cutaneous verrucous carcinoma (CVC) specimens were analyzed for immunohistochemical (IHC) expression of α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and MMP-1. Results IHC studies for αSMA expression in nonvascular stromal cells of the adjacent stroma revealed mild or no expression in 81.4%, 73.7%, and 62.5% of the cases of OVH, OVC, and CVC groups, respectively. No significant difference was seen in αSMA expression index between OVH and OVC groups (Adj. Sig. = 0.220) and between OVC and CVC groups (Adj. Sig. = 1.00). Pairwise analysis revealed a significant difference in MMP-1 expression index between the groups. No significant correlation was observed between MMP-1 expression index and αSMA expression index in OVH (pv = 0.358) and OVC (pv = 0.388) groups. Conclusion The differences in MMP-1 expression between OVH and OVC can be used as an adjunctive aid in challenging cases including disoriented or inadequate samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Mahdavi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pouyan Aminishakib
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Nabiyi
- Graduated Student, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghanadan
- Department of Dermatopathology, Razi Skin Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Ghorbanpour
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Merva Soluk-Tekkesin
- Institute of Oncology, Department of Tumor Pathology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Saprochaete clavata Infection in Immunosuppressed Patients: Systematic Review of Cases and Report of the First Oral Manifestation, Focusing on Differential Diagnosis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052385. [PMID: 33804487 PMCID: PMC7957747 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: Saprochaete clavata infection is an emerging issue in immunosuppressed patients, causing fulminant fungaemia. The purpose of this systematic review of cases is to retrieve all cases of S. clavata infection and describe oral lesions as the first manifestation of S. clavata infection. Methods: We report the first case of intraoral S. clavata infection in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) affected subject, presenting as multiple grayish rapidly growing ulcerated swellings, and provide a review of all published cases of infection caused by S. clavata, according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, conducted by searching SCOPUS, Medline, and CENTRAL databases. Only articles in English were considered. Individual patient data were analyzed to identify risk factors for S. clavata infection. Results: Seventeen of 68 retrieved articles were included in the review reporting data on 96 patients (mean age 51.8 years, 57 males and 38 females). Most cases were disseminated (86) with a 60.2% mortality rate. Ninety-five were hematological patients, with AML being the most common (57 cases). Conclusions:S. clavata infection in immunosuppressed patients has a poor prognosis: middle-age patients, male gender and Acute Myeloid Leukemia should be considered risk factors. In immunosuppressed patients, the clinical presentation can be particularly unusual, imposing difficult differential diagnosis, as in the reported case.
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Small Heat Shock Proteins in Cancers: Functions and Therapeutic Potential for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186611. [PMID: 32927696 PMCID: PMC7555140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Small heat shock proteins (sHSPs) are ubiquitous ATP-independent chaperones that play essential roles in response to cellular stresses and protein homeostasis. Investigations of sHSPs reveal that sHSPs are ubiquitously expressed in numerous types of tumors, and their expression is closely associated with cancer progression. sHSPs have been suggested to control a diverse range of cancer functions, including tumorigenesis, cell growth, apoptosis, metastasis, and chemoresistance, as well as regulation of cancer stem cell properties. Recent advances in the field indicate that some sHSPs have been validated as a powerful target in cancer therapy. In this review, we present and highlight current understanding, recent progress, and future challenges of sHSPs in cancer development and therapy.
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Differential Expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in Oral Verrucous Carcinoma and Oral Verrucous Hyperplasia. Head Neck Pathol 2020; 15:408-415. [PMID: 32720035 PMCID: PMC8134610 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01209-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a component of the polycomb repressive complex 2 that catalyzes trimethylation of H3K27 (H3K27me3), has been shown to promote tumor development and progression. Expression of EZH2 is associated with cell cycle regulation and cell proliferation in various neoplasms. Oral verrucous hyperplasia (OVH) and Oral verrucous carcinoma (OVC) are rare entities and share several clinical and histopathologic features. Problems distinguishing these lesions are added by a lack of adjacent normal tissue of the biopsy samples and poorly oriented tissue sections. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of EZH2 and H3K27me3 in OVH and OVC and comparing the expression with normal oral mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Seventy-eight samples, including 25 cases of OVC, 8 cases of OVH, 35 cases of OSCC and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa, were retrieved and submitted for immunohistochemical staining. The results demonstrated that the mean labeling indices (LIs) of EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression were highest in OSCC, followed by the OVC, OVH, and normal mucosa. Statistical differences in EZH2 LI were observed among these lesions whereas H3K27me3 LI was significantly different among OSCC, OVH and normal mucosa. EZH2 LI was found to have a sensitivity of 72.00% and specificity of 87.50% in distinguishing OVH from OVC, and a sensitivity of 57.14% and specificity of 84.00% in distinguishing OVC from OSCC. A positive correlation between EZH2 and H3K27me3 expression was significantly found in OVC but not in OVH and OSCC. These findings highlight the involvement of epigenetic regulation by EZH2-mediated H3K27me3 in the pathogenesis of OVH and OVC, and EZH2 expression indicates disease progression of these verrucous lesions. Diagnostic test analysis further suggests that EZH2 may be used as an additional test for differentiating OVH from OVC in questionable cases.
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Wang N, Huang M, Lv H. Head and neck verrucous carcinoma: A population-based analysis of incidence, treatment, and prognosis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18660. [PMID: 31914052 PMCID: PMC6959962 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Verrucous carcinoma is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma. The oral cavity, genitals, larynx, esophagus, and skin are usually affected, and the head and neck regions are the most affected areas. Few studies reported about head and neck verrucous carcinoma (VC) in the literature. Therefore, we conducted an extensive population-based study about the VCs to use population-based data to further investigate the incidence, treatment, and survival of head and neck verrucous carcinoma.Patients from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER) between 1973 and 2015 were brought into our study. The data of VCs and other head and neck malignancies (OHNMs) patients were extracted for analysis. We compared characteristics of patients with VC with those of patients with OHNMs.Results were obtained for 2039 cases of VC and 394,739 cases of OHNM. Compared to patients with OHNM, patients with VC were more often female (36.6% vs 31.1%; P < .001), younger (median age 62 vs 67 years; P < .001), and had a smaller tumor size (P < .001). VC cases were of lower histological grade and SEER stage (P < .001). The incidence of VC was 0.075 per 100,000 and decreased over time (annual change -1.855%, P < .001), whereas the incidence of OHNM showed no change. The primary treatment method for VC was surgery, with other treatments showing no significant therapeutic effect.VC is rare, with a decreasing incident trend. The outcome is better compared with OHNM patients. Surgery could significantly improve VC patients' prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of otolaryngology, Medical School of Facial Sciences, Hubei University of Science and technology
| | - Ming Huang
- Department of Thyroid and breast surgery, Xianning Central Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology
| | - Hong Lv
- School of Nursing, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
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Maymone MB, Greer RO, Kesecker J, Sahitya PC, Burdine LK, Cheng AD, Maymone AC, Vashi NA. Premalignant and malignant oral mucosal lesions: Clinical and pathological findings. J Am Acad Dermatol 2019; 81:59-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2018.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Allon I, Vered M, Kaplan I. Tongue Lumps and Bumps: Histopathological Dilemmas and Clues for Diagnosis. Head Neck Pathol 2019; 13:114-124. [PMID: 30693454 PMCID: PMC6405789 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-019-01005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Exophytic lesions of the tongue encompass a diverse spectrum of entities. These are most commonly reactive, arising in response to local trauma but can also be neoplastic of epithelial, mesenchymal or miscellaneous origin. In most cases, the microscopic examination is likely to provide a straightforward diagnosis. However, some cases can still raise microscopic diagnostic dilemmas, such as conditions that mimic malignancies, benign tumors with overlapping features and anecdotal lesions. A series of "lumps and bumps" of the tongue are presented together with suggested clues that can assist in reaching a correct diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of the clinico-pathological correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irit Allon
- Institute of Pathology, Barzilai University Medical Center, 2 Hahistadrut St, Ashkelon, Israel.
- School of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheba, Israel.
| | - Marilena Vered
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Pathology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ilana Kaplan
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Pathology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel
- Institute of Pathology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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