XPC Polymorphism and Risk for Lung Cancer in North Indian Patients Treated with Platinum Based Chemotherapy and Its Association with Clinical Outcomes

Genetic polymorphisms as potential pharmacogenetic biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer

Platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC) is a widely used treatment for various solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its efficacy is often compromised by the emergence of drug resistance in patients. There is growing evidence that genetic variations may influence the susceptibility of NSCLC patients to develop resistance to PBC. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms underlying platinum drug resistance and highlight the important role that genetic polymorphisms play in this process. This paper discussed the genetic variants that regulate DNA repair, cellular movement, drug transport, metabolic processing, and immune response, with a focus on their effects on response to PBC. The potential applications of these genetic polymorphisms as predictive indicators in clinical practice are explored, as are the challenges associated with their implementation.

Effects of Xeroderma pigmentosum group C polymorphism on the likelihood of prostate cancer

Background

Numerous studies have assessed the association between xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) polymorphisms and susceptibility of prostate cancer (PCa); however, the findings remain inconsistent.

Methods

We performed an updated analysis utilizing data from electronic databases to obtain a more accurate estimation of the relationship between XPC rs2228001 A/C polymorphism and PCa risk. We further used in silico tools to investigate this correlation.

Results

Totally, 5,305 PCa cases and 6,499 control subjects were evaluated. When all studies pooled together, we detected no positive result (recessive genetic model: OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 0.93‐1.40, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.001, P = .212); nevertheless, the XPC rs2228001 A/C variant was associated with PCa risk in Asian descendants in the subgroup analysis (OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.01‐1.43, P_{heterogeneity} = 0.008, P = .034). In silico tools showed that more than 20 proteins can participate in the protein crosstalk with XPC. The expression of XPC was down‐regulated in all Gleason scores of prostate cancer.

Conclusions

The present study indicated that the XPC rs2228001 A/C variant may be associated with elevated PCa risk in Asian patients.

Effect of XPC polymorphisms on the response to platinum-based chemotherapy: a meta-analysis

Objective: As an important DNA repair gene, the xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) gene and its functional genetic variants' relationship with chemotherapy response has been extensively studied. To quantitatively elucidate the genetic impact of the XPC rs2228000 and rs2228001 polymorphisms on the response to platinum-based chemotherapy, the present meta-analysis was conducted. Materials and methods: A systematic literature search was performed in seven cyber databases until February 20, 2019, for all relevant studies that assessed the relationship between XPC polymorphisms and the response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were measured to assess the strength of the association. R programs were developed to perform the statistical analyses, including calculations of pooled estimates, publication bias and sensitivity analyses, and heterogeneity interpretations. Results: A total of 1,615 patients from 10 studies for the rs2228001 polymorphism were winnowed for further statistical analysis. For the rs2228000 polymorphism, 858 samples from six datasets were included. However, this meta-analysis indicated no significant effect of these two XPC polymorphisms on the response to platinum-based chemotherapy. When stratified according to sample size, country or cancer type, no statistical significance for association was identified in all subgroups. Further sensitivity analysis and publication bias assessment ensured the reliability of the meta-analysis. Conclusions: The pooled estimates suggest that neither the rs2228000 polymorphism nor the rs2228001 polymorphism contributes to the genetic predisposition for an altered response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Considering the limitations of our present meta-analysis, more studies with large-scale cohorts and rigorous methods are needed to validate our results.