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Manini P, Bietti M, Galeotti M, Salamone M, Lanzalunga O, Cecchini MM, Reale S, Crescenzi O, Napolitano A, De Angelis F, Barone V, d’Ischia M. Characterization and Fate of Hydrogen-Bonded Free-Radical Intermediates and Their Coupling Products from the Hydrogen Atom Transfer Agent 1,8-Naphthalenediol. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:3918-3927. [PMID: 31458630 PMCID: PMC6641764 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
1,8-Naphthalenediol (dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,8-DHN) has been shown to be a potent hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) antioxidant compound because of the strong stabilization of the resulting free radical by intramolecular hydrogen bonding. However, the properties, reactivity, and fate of the 1,8-DHN phenoxyl radical have remained so far uncharted. Herein, we report an integrated experimental and computational characterization of the early intermediates and dimer products that arise by the oxidation of 1,8-DHN. Laser flash photolysis (LFP) studies of HAT from 1,8-DHN to the cumyloxyl and aminoxyl radicals showed the generation of a transient species absorbing at 350, 400, and >600 nm attributable to the 1,8-DHN phenoxyl radical. Peroxidase/H2O2 oxidation of 1,8-DHN was found to proceed via an intense blue intermediate (λmax 654 nm) preceding precipitation of a black melanin-like polymer. By halting the reaction in the early stages, three main dimers featuring 2,2'-, 2,4'-, and 4,4'-bondings could be isolated and characterized in pure form. Density functional theory calculations supported the generation of the 1,8-DHN phenoxyl radical and its subsequent coupling via the 2- and 4-positions giving extended quinone dimers with intense transitions in the visible range, consistent with UV-vis and LFP data. Overall, these results allowed to elucidate the mechanism of oxidative polymerization of 1,8-DHN of possible relevance to melanogenesis in fungi and other processes of environmental and astrochemical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Manini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Via
Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Massimo Bietti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università
“Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Galeotti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università
“Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Salamone
- Dipartimento
di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università
“Tor Vergata”, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Osvaldo Lanzalunga
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Istituto CNR di Metodologie Chimiche (IMC-CNR), Sezione
Meccanismi di Reazione, Università
di Roma “La Sapienza”, P.le A. Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Martina M. Cecchini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università
dell’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, L’Aquila I-67100, Coppito, Italy
| | - Samantha Reale
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università
dell’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, L’Aquila I-67100, Coppito, Italy
| | - Orlando Crescenzi
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Via
Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Alessandra Napolitano
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Via
Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Fisiche e Chimiche, Università
dell’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, L’Aquila I-67100, Coppito, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barone
- Scuola
Normale Superiore, Piazza
dei Cavalieri 7, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco d’Ischia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Università di
Napoli Federico II, Via
Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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Torres JA, Batista Chagas PM, Silva MC, dos Santos CD, Duarte Corrêa A. Enzymatic oxidation of phenolic compounds in coffee processing wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2016; 73:39-50. [PMID: 26744933 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Peroxidases can be used in the treatment of wastewater containing phenolic compounds. The effluent from the wet processing of coffee fruits contains high content of these pollutants and although some studies propose treatments for this wastewater, none targets specifically the removal of these recalcitrant compounds. This study evaluates the potential use of different peroxidase sources in the oxidation of caffeic acid and of total phenolic compounds in coffee processing wastewater (CPW). The identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in CPW was performed and caffeic acid was found to be the major phenolic compound. Some factors, such as reaction time, pH, amount of H2O2 and enzyme were evaluated, in order to determine the optimum conditions for the enzyme performance for maximum oxidation of caffeic acid. The turnip peroxidase (TPE) proved efficient in the removal of caffeic acid, reaching an oxidation of 51.05% in just 15 minutes of reaction. However, in the bioremediation of the CPW, the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was more efficient with 32.70%±0.16 of oxidation, followed by TPE with 18.25%±0.11. The treatment proposed in this work has potential as a complementary technology, since the efficiency of the existing process is intimately conditioned to the presence of these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Arriel Torres
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CEP 37200 000 Lavras, MG, Brazil E-mail:
| | | | - Maria Cristina Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, CEP 31270 901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Angelita Duarte Corrêa
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Lavras, CEP 37200 000 Lavras, MG, Brazil E-mail:
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5
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Torres JA, Chagas PMB, Silva MC, Dos Santos CD, Corrêa AD. Evaluation of the protective effect of chemical additives in the oxidation of phenolic compounds catalysed by peroxidase. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 37:1288-95. [PMID: 26502790 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2015.1112433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of oxidoredutive enzymes in removing organic pollutants has been the subject of much research. The oxidation of phenolic compounds in the presence of chemical additives has been the focus of this study. In this investigation, the influence of the additives polyethylene glycol and Triton X-100 was evaluated in the phenol oxidation, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid and total phenolic compounds present in coffee processing wastewater (CPW) at different pH values, performed by turnip peroxidase and peroxidase extracted from soybean seed hulls. The influence of these additives was observed only in the oxidation of phenol and caffeic acid. In the oxidation of other studied phenolic compounds, the percentage of oxidation remained unchanged in the presence of these chemical additives. In the oxidation of CPW in the presence of additives, no change in the oxidation of phenolic compounds was observed. Although several studies show the importance of evaluating the influence of additives on the behaviour of enzymes, this study found a positive response from the economic point of view for the treatment of real wastewater, since the addition of these substances showed no influence on the oxidation of phenolic compounds, which makes the process less costly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Cristina Silva
- b Departamento de Química , Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Brazil
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6
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Sharma S, Mukhopadhyay M, Murthy ZVP. Investigation of photo-assisted and crude peroxidase mediated transformations of chlorinated phenols (CPs) from spiked and industrial wastewaters: identification of reaction products. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 72:746-753. [PMID: 26287833 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This work focused on photo-assisted crude peroxidase mediated transformations of chlorinated phenols (CPs) from spiked and industrial wastewaters and the identification of reaction products formed. Garden radish Raphanus sativus was the source of crude peroxidase. No chlorine bearing compounds were detected by gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry analysis. Under identical test conditions, the concentrations of 4-chlorophenol and 2,4-dichlorophenol were demoted to zero from 514 mg/L, 652 mg/L and that of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol and pentachlorophenol were reduced to 18 mg/L and 37 mg/L from 790 mg/L and 1066 mg/L, respectively (high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis). Chloride ion release profiles also showed a progressively increasing trend. A neat chemical oxygen demand removal to the extent of 63-79% was achieved in the case of spiked wastewater sample and to the extent of 77% for industrial wastewaters. A hypothesis reaction scheme was also suggested to comprehend the mechanism of degradation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India E-mail: ; ; Department of Chemical Engineering, Sarvajanik College of Engineering and Technology, Surat 395001, Gujarat, India
| | - Mausumi Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India E-mail: ;
| | - Z V P Murthy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, Surat 395007, Gujarat, India E-mail: ;
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7
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Kimura Y, Gotoh A, Shinozaki F, Kashiwada A, Yamada K. Removal of naphthols and analogues by the combined use of an oxidoreductase polyphenol oxidase and a biopolymer chitosan from aqueous solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2014; 35:2910-2919. [PMID: 25189838 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.925511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the combined use of an amino group-containing polymer chitosan and an oxidoreductase polyphenol oxidase (PPO) was applied to the removal of naphthols and dihydroxynaphthalenes (DHNs) from aqueous solutions. The process parameters, such as the pH value, temperature and enzyme dose, were discussed for PPO-catalysed oxidation of 1-naphthol. The optimum conditions of enzymatic oxidation of 1-naphthol were determined to be pH 8.0 and 40 °C. Under the optimum conditions, PPO-catalysed oxidation of 1-naphthol increased with an increase in the enzyme dose. Quinone derivatives enzymatically generated were chemisorbed on chitosan beads and the initial velocity of PPO-catalysed oxidation increased with an increase in the amount of added chitosan beads. A specific initial velocity of 0.0675 μmol/U·min was obtained in the PPO concentration range below 200 U/cm³ and 1-naphthol was completely removed within 24 h by quinone adsorption on chitosan beads (0.20 cm³/cm³) at a PPO concentration of 100 U/cm³. The removal time was shortened by increasing the enzyme dose or the amount of added chitosan beads. 2-Naphthol was also completely removed at an initial concentration of 0.05 mM or less by prolonging the reaction time, since PPO-catalysed oxidation of 2-naphthol was much slower than that of 1-naphthol. In addition, this procedure was also applied to the removal of DHNs. These results revealed that the procedure constructed in this study was an effective technique to remove naphthols and DHNs from the aqueous medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kimura
- a Department of Applied Molecular Chemistry , College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University , 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino , Chiba 275-8575 , Japan
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