1
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Tian Y, Tan C, Tan J, Yang L, Tang Y. Top-down modulation of DLPFC in visual search: a study based on fMRI and TMS. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad540. [PMID: 38212289 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Effective visual search is essential for daily life, and attention orientation as well as inhibition of return play a significant role in visual search. Researches have established the involvement of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in cognitive control during selective attention. However, neural evidence regarding dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates inhibition of return in visual search is still insufficient. In this study, we employed event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging and dynamic causal modeling to develop modulation models for two types of visual search tasks. In the region of interest analyses, we found that the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and temporoparietal junction were selectively activated in the main effect of search type. Dynamic causal modeling results indicated that temporoparietal junction received sensory inputs and only dorsolateral prefrontal cortex →temporoparietal junction connection was modulated in serial search. Such neural modulation presents a significant positive correlation with behavioral reaction time. Furthermore, theta burst stimulation via transcranial magnetic stimulation was utilized to modulate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex region, resulting in the disappearance of the inhibition of return effect during serial search after receiving continuous theta burst stimulation. Our findings provide a new line of causal evidence that the top-down modulation by dorsolateral prefrontal cortex influences the inhibition of return effect during serial search possibly through the retention of inhibitory tagging via working memory storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Tian
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China
| | - Congming Tan
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Jianling Tan
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Li Yang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
- Department of Medical Engineering, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, ChongQing 400065, China
| | - Yi Tang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
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2
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Qiao R, Zhang H, Tian Y. EEG cortical network reveals the temporo-spatial mechanism of visual search. Brain Res Bull 2023; 203:110758. [PMID: 37704055 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore a method based on brain networks for implicit attention by using wavelet coherence as feature to identify individual targets in the visual field, find the optimal classification rhythm and time window, and investigate the relationship between the optimal rhythm and N2pc event-related potential. The study uses a weighted minimum norm estimate to locate the sources of the scalp EEG and reconstructs the source time series. The functional connectivity between brain areas during the visual search process is evaluated using wavelet coherence analysis, and a lateral difference network is constructed based on the difference in coherence values between the left and right visual fields. A support vector machine classifier is trained based on the wavelet coherence network features to identify the target in the left or right visual field. We also extract N2pc from the source activity data of the parieto-occipital brain region and record the time period in which N2pc occurred. The study finds that the best classification performance is achieved in the theta rhythm from 200 to 400 ms and achieved an average classification accuracy of 87% (chance level: 51.07%) in a serial search task. And this time window corresponds to the time period when N2pc appeared. The results show that the use of wavelet coherence analysis to evaluate the functional connectivity between brain areas during the visual search process provides a new approach for analyzing brain activity. The study's findings regarding the relationship between the N2pc and theta rhythm and the effectiveness of using wavelet coherence network features based on the theta rhythm for visual search classification contribute to the understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying visual search.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiao
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Haiyong Zhang
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
| | - Yin Tian
- School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China; School of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China; Institute for Advanced Sciences,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing 400064, China.
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3
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Jiang Y, Qiao R, Shi Y, Tang Y, Hou Z, Tian Y. The effects of attention in auditory-visual integration revealed by time-varying networks. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1235480. [PMID: 37600005 PMCID: PMC10434229 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1235480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Attention and audiovisual integration are crucial subjects in the field of brain information processing. A large number of previous studies have sought to determine the relationship between them through specific experiments, but failed to reach a unified conclusion. The reported studies explored the relationship through the frameworks of early, late, and parallel integration, though network analysis has been employed sparingly. In this study, we employed time-varying network analysis, which offers a comprehensive and dynamic insight into cognitive processing, to explore the relationship between attention and auditory-visual integration. The combination of high spatial resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and high temporal resolution electroencephalography (EEG) was used. Firstly, a generalized linear model (GLM) was employed to find the task-related fMRI activations, which was selected as regions of interesting (ROIs) for nodes of time-varying network. Then the electrical activity of the auditory-visual cortex was estimated via the normalized minimum norm estimation (MNE) source localization method. Finally, the time-varying network was constructed using the adaptive directed transfer function (ADTF) technology. Notably, Task-related fMRI activations were mainly observed in the bilateral temporoparietal junction (TPJ), superior temporal gyrus (STG), primary visual and auditory areas. And the time-varying network analysis revealed that V1/A1↔STG occurred before TPJ↔STG. Therefore, the results supported the theory that auditory-visual integration occurred before attention, aligning with the early integration framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Jiang
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China
- Central Nervous System Drug Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Qiao
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China
| | - Yupan Shi
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengjun Hou
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China
| | - Yin Tian
- Institute for Advanced Sciences, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China
- Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Chongqing, China
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4
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Irrelevant positive emotional information facilitates response inhibition only under a high perceptual load. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14591. [PMID: 36028535 PMCID: PMC9418248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17736-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Response inhibition involves suppressing those responses that are no longer needed. Previous research has separately studied the role of attentional resources and emotional information in response inhibition. Here, we simultaneously manipulate attentional resources and emotional information to investigate the interactive role of emotional information and attentional resources. Attentional resources were manipulated by changing the levels of perceptual load (low and high) of go signals. Emotional information was manipulated by changing the emotional content (irrelevant positive and negative emotional information) of the stop signals. Participants made a go response based on searching for a target letter in conditions of either low perceptual load or high perceptual load. They withheld their response on the presentation of a stop signal. The stop-signal stimulus was selected from two classes: arousal matched positive and negative IAPS images (Experiment 1) and happy, angry, and neutral faces (Experiment 2). The result showed a consistent interaction pattern of perceptual load and emotional information across the two experiments, such that irrelevant positive emotional information consistently improved inhibitory control, albeit only under high load. These results have theoretical implications for understanding the nature of emotional information and their interaction with attentional resources in cognitive control functions.
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5
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Du J, Zhu Y, Zhao C, Yang D, Yu T, Zhang X, Ren L, Wang Y. Distinct Patterns of Automatic and Controlled Incongruent Information Processing in the Human Brain. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:836374. [PMID: 35601902 PMCID: PMC9121373 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.836374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a fundamental ability to discriminate incongruent information in daily activity. However, the underlying neural dynamics are still unclear. Using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG), in this study, we investigated the fine-grained and different states of incongruent information processing in patients with refractory epilepsy who underwent intracranial electrode implantation. All patients performed a delayed match-to-sample paradigm in the sequential pairs of visual stimuli (S1 followed by S2). Participants were asked to discriminate whether the relevant feature of S2 was identical to S1 while ignoring the irrelevant feature. The spatiotemporal cortical responses evoked by different conditions were calculated and compared, respectively, in the context of brain intrinsic functional networks. In total, we obtained SEEG recordings from 241 contacts in gray matter. In the processing of irrelevant incongruent information, the activated brain areas included the superior parietal lobule, supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, and fusiform gyrus. By comparing the relevant incongruent condition with the congruent condition, the activated brain areas included the middle frontal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, posterior superior temporal sulcus, and posterior cingulate cortex. We demonstrated the dynamics of incongruent information processing with high spatiotemporal resolution and suggested that the process of automatic detection of irrelevant incongruent information requires the involvement of local regions and relatively few networks. Meanwhile, controlled discrimination of relevant incongruent information requires the participation of extensive regions and a wide range of nodes in the network. Furthermore, both the frontoparietal control network and default mode network were engaged in the incongruent information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Du
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengtian Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongju Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, Beijing Institute of Functional Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liankun Ren
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Liankun Ren
| | - Yuping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Sleep and Consciousness Disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuromodulation, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuping Wang
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6
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Decoding Selective Auditory Attention with EEG using A Transformer Model. Methods 2022; 204:410-417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2022.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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7
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Only irrelevant angry, but not happy, expressions facilitate the response inhibition. Atten Percept Psychophys 2020; 83:114-121. [PMID: 33146816 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-020-02186-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
It has been debated that arousal rather than valence modulates the response-inhibition process. The processing of irrelevant information of happy and angry faces interacts with attention differently. In the present study, arousal-matched irrelevant happy and angry faces were used as stop-signals in the stop-signal paradigm. Participants were required to respond to go-signals (discriminate between X or O). Occasionally, a stop-signal was presented where participants were required to withhold their motor response. Results indicate a significant effect of emotion on response inhibition, which suggests that valence of a stop-signal modulates inhibitory control. More specifically, we found that only irrelevant angry, but not happy, expressions facilitate the response inhibition process. These results have theoretical implications for understanding the nature of emotions and its interaction with cognitive control functions.
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8
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Tian Y, Ma L. Auditory attention tracking states in a cocktail party environment can be decoded by deep convolutional neural networks. J Neural Eng 2020; 17:036013. [DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab92b2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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9
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Her S, Cha KS, Choi JW, Kim H, Byun JI, Sunwoo JS, Kim TJ, Lim JA, Jung KY, Kim KH. Impaired visuospatial attention revealed by theta- and beta-band cortical activities in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder patients. Clin Neurophysiol 2019; 130:1962-1970. [PMID: 31476702 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) patients are susceptible to cognitive deficits, especially attention dysfunction. The objective of this study is to elucidate the neural mechanism of the dysfunction in attention known as 'inhibition of return' (IOR) in iRBD patients based on an analysis of oscillatory cortical activity during a selective attention task. METHODS Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded from iRBD patients and normal control subjects while performing a Posner task. The differences in N1 ERP and theta- and beta-bands event-related spectral perturbations (ERSPs) between valid and invalid stimuli were compared between groups. RESULTS The N1 amplitude was significantly higher for the invalid stimuli in controls, while the valid-invalid difference was not significant in iRBD patients. The valid-invalid differences in ERSPs were prominent in controls at ∼100-400 ms for the theta-band and ∼200-400 ms for the beta-band, and the valid-invalid differences in ERSPs were not significant in the iRBD patients. CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that valid-invalid differences in neural activity were absent in iRBD patients, and these neural findings were in accord with the behavioral results. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings imply impairment in sensory-perceptual processing mediated by attentional control and response inhibition in early-stage iRBD before clinical neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjin Her
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Kwang Su Cha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea; Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hyun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ick Byun
- Department of Neurology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Sunwoo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae-Joon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Lim
- Department of Neurology, Chamjoeun Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Ki-Young Jung
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Neuroscience Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju, South Korea.
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10
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McHugh Power JE, Hannigan C, Carney S, Feeney J, Kenny RA, Kee F, Lawlor BA. Lonely SARTs: loneliness and sustained attention in the Irish longitudinal study of aging. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2019; 27:197-206. [DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2019.1602705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna E. McHugh Power
- UK CRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- School of Business, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland
| | - Caoimhe Hannigan
- School of Business, National College of Ireland, Dublin 1, Ireland
- School of Nursing, School of Medicine, and School of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Sile Carney
- School of Nursing, School of Medicine, and School of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joanne Feeney
- School of Nursing, School of Medicine, and School of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Rose Ann Kenny
- School of Nursing, School of Medicine, and School of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Frank Kee
- UK CRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Brian A. Lawlor
- School of Nursing, School of Medicine, and School of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland
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11
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Cortical Classification with Rhythm Entropy for Error Processing in Cocktail Party Environment Based on Scalp EEG Recording. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6070. [PMID: 29666460 PMCID: PMC5904132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Using single-trial cortical signals calculated by weighted minimum norm solution estimation (WMNE), the present study explored a feature extraction method based on rhythm entropy to classify the scalp electroencephalography (EEG) signals of error response from that of correct response during performing auditory-track tasks in cocktail party environment. The classification rate achieved 89.7% with single-trial (≈700 ms) when using support vector machine(SVM) with the leave-one-out-cross-validation (LOOCV). And high discriminative regions mainly distributed at the medial frontal cortex (MFC), the left supplementary motor area (lSMA) and the right supplementary motor area (rSMA). The mean entropy value for error trials was significantly lower than that for correct trials in the discriminative cortices. By time-varying network analysis, different information flows changed among these discriminative regions with time, i.e. error processing showed a left-bias information flow, and correct processing presented a right-bias information flow. These findings revealed that the rhythm information based on single cortical signals could be well used to describe characteristics of error-related EEG signals and further provided a novel application about auditory attention for brain computer interfaces (BCIs).
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12
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The effect of feature-based attention on flanker interference processing: An fMRI-constrained source analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1580. [PMID: 29371681 PMCID: PMC5785471 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examined whether feature-based cueing affects early or late stages of flanker conflict processing using EEG and fMRI. Feature cues either directed participants' attention to the upcoming colour of the target or were neutral. Validity-specific modulations during interference processing were investigated using the N200 event-related potential (ERP) component and BOLD signal differences. Additionally, both data sets were integrated using an fMRI-constrained source analysis. Finally, the results were compared with a previous study in which spatial instead of feature-based cueing was applied to an otherwise identical flanker task. Feature-based and spatial attention recruited a common fronto-parietal network during conflict processing. Irrespective of attention type (feature-based; spatial), this network responded to focussed attention (valid cueing) as well as context updating (invalid cueing), hinting at domain-general mechanisms. However, spatially and non-spatially directed attention also demonstrated domain-specific activation patterns for conflict processing that were observable in distinct EEG and fMRI data patterns as well as in the respective source analyses. Conflict-specific activity in visual brain regions was comparable between both attention types. We assume that the distinction between spatially and non-spatially directed attention types primarily applies to temporal differences (domain-specific dynamics) between signals originating in the same brain regions (domain-general localization).
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13
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Causal interactions in resting-state networks predict perceived loneliness. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177443. [PMID: 28545125 PMCID: PMC5436685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Loneliness is broadly described as a negative emotional response resulting from the differences between the actual and desired social relations of an individual, which is related to the neural responses in connection with social and emotional stimuli. Prior research has discovered that some neural regions play a role in loneliness. However, little is known about the differences among individuals in loneliness and the relationship of those differences to differences in neural networks. The current study aimed to investigate individual differences in perceived loneliness related to the causal interactions between resting-state networks (RSNs), including the dorsal attentional network (DAN), the ventral attentional network (VAN), the affective network (AfN) and the visual network (VN). Using conditional granger causal analysis of resting-state fMRI data, we revealed that the weaker causal flow from DAN to VAN is related to higher loneliness scores, and the decreased causal flow from AfN to VN is also related to higher loneliness scores. Our results clearly support the hypothesis that there is a connection between loneliness and neural networks. It is envisaged that neural network features could play a key role in characterizing the loneliness of an individual.
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14
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Knežević M, Marinković K. Neurodynamic correlates of response inhibition from emerging to mid adulthood. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2017; 43:106-118. [PMID: 29081593 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Response inhibition, a key executive function, continues to develop in early adulthood in parallel with maturational processes of the underlying prefrontal regions known to support it. The current study examined behavioral and neurophysiological correlates of response inhibition during a visual Go/No-Go task in a large sample (N = 120) comprised of participants in their Early 20s (ages 19-21), Mid 20s (ages 23-27), and Early 30s (ages 28-42). The two younger groups had lower accuracy, shorter reaction times, and made more premature responses compared to Early 30s. These impulsive behavioral tendencies were reflected in a delayed N2 latency and reduced P2 and P3 amplitudes for Early 20s compared to Early 30s and were associated with personality traits such as impulsivity in an age-dependent manner. The results suggest that response inhibition may not develop fully before the approximate age of 25, as the refinement of the primarily prefrontal cognitive control network follows a protracted developmental trajectory throughout young adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Knežević
- Psychology Department, Croatian Studies, University of Zagreb, Croatia.,Psychology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, USA
| | - Ksenija Marinković
- Psychology Department, San Diego State University, San Diego, USA.,Radiology Department, University of California, San Diego, USA
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15
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Li F, Liu T, Wang F, Li H, Gong D, Zhang R, Jiang Y, Tian Y, Guo D, Yao D, Xu P. Relationships between the resting-state network and the P3: Evidence from a scalp EEG study. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15129. [PMID: 26456594 PMCID: PMC4601035 DOI: 10.1038/srep15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The P3 is an important event-related potential that can be used to identify neural activity related to the cognitive processes of the human brain. However, the relationships, especially the functional correlations, between resting-state brain activity and the P3 have not been well established. In this study, we investigated the relationships between P3 properties (i.e., amplitude and latency) and resting-state brain networks. The results indicated that P3 amplitude was significantly correlated with resting-state network topology, and in general, larger P3 amplitudes could be evoked when the resting-state brain network was more efficient. However, no significant relationships were found for the corresponding P3 latency. Additionally, the long-range connections between the prefrontal/frontal and parietal/occipital brain regions, which represent the synchronous activity of these areas, were functionally related to the P3 parameters, especially P3 amplitude. The findings of the current study may help us better understand inter-subject variation in the P3, which may be instructive for clinical diagnosis, cognitive neuroscience studies, and potential subject selection for brain-computer interface applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fali Li
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - He Li
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Diankun Gong
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yin Tian
- College of Bio-information, ChongQing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Daqing Guo
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Dezhong Yao
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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Xu T, Yan HM, Song XM, Li M. Orientation selectivity in cat primary visual cortex: local and global measurement. Neurosci Bull 2015; 31:561-71. [PMID: 26089234 PMCID: PMC5563673 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-014-1535-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated orientation selectivity in cat primary visual cortex (V1) and its relationship with various parameters. We found a strong correlation between circular variance (CV) and orthogonal-topreferred response ratio (O/P ratio), and a moderate correlation between tuning width and O/P ratio. Moreover, the suppression far from the peak that accounted for the lower CV in cat V1 cells also contributed to the narrowing of the tuning width of cells. We also studied the dependence of orientation selectivity on the modulation ratio for each cell, which is consistent with robust entrainment of the neuronal response to the phase of the drifting grating stimulus. In conclusion, the CV (global measure) and tuning width (local measure) are signifi cantly correlated with the modulation ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hong-Mei Yan
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xue-Mei Song
- Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Ming Li
- The Department of Automatic Control, College of Mechatronics and Automation, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China
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Abstract
A pilot study was carried out to determine individual differences in perceived loneliness using diffusion tensor imaging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first preliminary diffusion tensor imaging evidence that the ventral attention network, generally activated by attentional reorienting, was also related to loneliness. Image reconstruction results indicated significantly decreased fractional anisotropy of white matter fibers and that associated nodes of the ventral attention network are highly correlated with increased loneliness ratings. By providing evidence on the structural level, our findings suggested that attention-reorienting capabilities play an important role in shaping an individual's loneliness.
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