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Yang X, Liu L, Yang P, Ding Y, Wang C, Li L. The Effects of Attention on the Syllable-Induced Prepulse Inhibition of the Startle Reflex and Cortical EEG Responses against Energetic or Informational Masking in Humans. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050660. [PMID: 35625046 PMCID: PMC9139428 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prepulse inhibition (PPI) is the reduction in the acoustic startle reflex (ASR) when the startling stimulus (pulse) is preceded by a weaker, non-starting stimulus. This can be enhanced by facilitating selective attention to the prepulse against a noise-masking background. On the other hand, the facilitation of selective attention to a target speech can release the target speech from masking, particularly from speech informational masking. It is not clear whether attentional regulation also affects PPI in this kind of auditory masking. This study used a speech syllable as the prepulse to examine whether the masker type and perceptual spatial attention can affect the PPI or the scalp EEG responses to the prepulse in healthy younger-adult humans, and whether the ERPs evoked by the prepulse can predict the PPI intensity of the ASR. The results showed that the speech masker produced a larger masking effect than the noise masker, and the perceptual spatial separation facilitated selective attention to the prepulse, enhancing both the N1 component of the prepulse syllable and the PPI of the ASR, particularly when the masker was speech. In addition, there was no significant correlation between the PPI and ERPs under any of the conditions, but the perceptual separation-induced PPI enhancement and ERP N1P2 peak-to-peak amplitude enhancement were correlated under the speech-masking condition. Thus, the attention-mediated PPI is useful for differentiating noise energetic masking and speech informational masking, and the perceptual separation-induced release of the prepulse from informational masking is more associated with attention-mediated early cortical unmasking processing than with energetic masking. However, the processes for the PPI of the ASR and the cortical responses to the prepulse are mediated by different neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqin Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing 100069, China;
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China; (L.L.); (P.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Pengcheng Yang
- Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China; (L.L.); (P.Y.); (Y.D.)
| | - Yu Ding
- Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China; (L.L.); (P.Y.); (Y.D.)
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Changming Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China;
| | - Liang Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing 100069, China;
- Key Laboratory on Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100080, China; (L.L.); (P.Y.); (Y.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhai YY, Auksztulewicz R, Song PR, Sun ZH, Gong YM, Du XY, He J, Yu X. Synaptic Adaptation Contributes to Stimulus-Specific Adaptation in the Thalamic Reticular Nucleus. Neurosci Bull 2020; 36:1538-1541. [PMID: 32557078 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-020-00536-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ying Zhai
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.,Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Ryszard Auksztulewicz
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, 60322, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pei-Run Song
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.,Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Hai Sun
- School of Information and Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yu-Mei Gong
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China.,Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xin-Yu Du
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China
| | - Xiongjie Yu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, China. .,Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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