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Bramstedt KA. Human Whole-Eye Donation for Research-Optimizing Clinical Trial Informed Consent. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:476-479. [PMID: 38512234 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Importance Posthumous whole-eye (globe) donations for research lack a mechanism that reinvolves the existing ophthalmic research team of the donor unless there is a preplanned donor directive. Disconnection between the deceased and their research team equates to lost opportunities for the research team to have a longitudinal view of the eyes that have been involved in their research. Objectives To use the clinical trial informed consent process to create a posthumous research donation opportunity that directs the donation to the currently affiliated research team of the donors (preserving the longitudinal research experience). Evidence Reviewed Current globe donation pathways were reviewed. Additionally, published advice from the fields of ophthalmology, brain banking, and implantable medical devices were used as reference points. Findings Globe donation represents a small but valuable type of ocular donation. Globe donation for research purposes is useful for investigators performing total human eye allotransplantation clinical trials, as well as for ophthalmic drug or device researchers. Results suggest that those performing invasive eye research should include the option of posthumous globe donation in their study protocols and informed consent forms to facilitate more opportunities for the generation of scientific knowledge. Conclusions and Relevance The longitudinal perspective can be valuable especially for eyes that have received long-term treatment with an investigational drug or device. This article poses a research-informed consent framework for posthumous globe donation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina A Bramstedt
- Global Head of Bioethics, Bioethics Department, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Basel, Switzerland
- Bond University Medical Program, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Mazumder S, Kiernan MC, Halliday GM, Timmins HC, Mahoney CJ. The contribution of brain banks to knowledge discovery in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A systematic review. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2022; 48:e12845. [PMID: 35921237 PMCID: PMC9804699 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, considerable efforts have been made to accelerate pathophysiological understanding of fatal neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with brain banks at the forefront. In addition to exploratory disease mechanisms, brain banks have aided our understanding with regard to clinical diagnosis, genetics and cell biology. Across neurodegenerative disorders, the impact of brain tissue in ALS research has yet to be quantified. This review aims to outline (i) how postmortem tissues from brain banks have influenced our understanding of ALS over the last 15 years, (ii) correlate the location of dedicated brain banks with the geographical prevalence of ALS, (iii) identify the frequency of features reported from postmortem studies and (iv) propose common reporting standards for materials obtained from dedicated brain banks. A systematic review was conducted using PubMed and Web of Science databases using key words. From a total of 1439 articles, 73 articles were included in the final review, following PRISMA guidelines. Following a thematic analysis, articles were categorised into five themes; clinico-pathological (13), genetic (20), transactive response DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43) pathology (12), non-TDP-43 neuronal pathology (nine) and extraneuronal pathology (19). Research primarily focused on the genetics of ALS, followed by protein pathology. About 63% of the brain banks were in the United States of America and United Kingdom. The location of brain banks overall aligned with the incidence of ALS worldwide with 88% of brain banks situated in Europe and North America. An overwhelming lack of consistency in reporting and replicability was observed, strengthening the need for a standardised reporting system. Overall, postmortem material from brain banks generated substantial new knowledge in areas of genetics and proteomics and supports their ongoing role as an important research tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srestha Mazumder
- ForeFront Clinic, Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Matthew C. Kiernan
- ForeFront Clinic, Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Glenda M. Halliday
- Frontier, Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Hannah C. Timmins
- ForeFront Clinic, Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Colin J. Mahoney
- ForeFront Clinic, Brain and Mind CentreUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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Shao X, Vishweswaraiah S, Čuperlović-Culf M, Yilmaz A, Greenwood CMT, Surendra A, McGuinness B, Passmore P, Kehoe PG, Maddens ME, Bennett SAL, Green BD, Radhakrishna U, Graham SF. Dementia with Lewy bodies post-mortem brains reveal differentially methylated CpG sites with biomarker potential. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1279. [PMID: 36418427 PMCID: PMC9684551 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03965-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a common form of dementia with known genetic and environmental interactions. However, the underlying epigenetic mechanisms which reflect these gene-environment interactions are poorly studied. Herein, we measure genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of post-mortem brain tissue (Broadmann area 7) from 15 pathologically confirmed DLB brains and compare them with 16 cognitively normal controls using Illumina MethylationEPIC arrays. We identify 17 significantly differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) and 17 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) between the groups. The DMCs are mainly located at the CpG islands, promoter and first exon regions. Genes associated with the DMCs are linked to "Parkinson's disease" and "metabolic pathway", as well as the diseases of "severe intellectual disability" and "mood disorders". Overall, our study highlights previously unreported DMCs offering insights into DLB pathogenesis with the possibility that some of these could be used as biomarkers of DLB in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Shao
- National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
| | | | - Miroslava Čuperlović-Culf
- National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, sand Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ali Yilmaz
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
- Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Celia M T Greenwood
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montréal, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montréal, Canada
| | - Anuradha Surendra
- National Research Council of Canada, Digital Technologies Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Bernadette McGuinness
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Peter Passmore
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Patrick G Kehoe
- Dementia Research Group, Translational Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Michael E Maddens
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
- Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Steffany A L Bennett
- Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, sand Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian D Green
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Life Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Uppala Radhakrishna
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA
- Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA
| | - Stewart F Graham
- Oakland University-William Beaumont School of Medicine, Rochester, MI, 48309, USA.
- Beaumont Research Institute, Royal Oak, MI, 48073, USA.
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Sándor S, Urfer S, Kubinyi E. Toward establishing a worldwide net of canine biobanks. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:2436-2437. [PMID: 35302513 PMCID: PMC9004562 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sára Sándor
- Senior Family Dog Project, Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Lendület "Momentum" Companion Animal Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Silvan Urfer
- Dog Aging Project, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Enikő Kubinyi
- Senior Family Dog Project, Department of Ethology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-ELTE Lendület "Momentum" Companion Animal Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Chan RJW, Seah S, Foo JYJ, Yong ACW, Chia NSY, Agustin SJU, Neo SXM, Tay KY, Au WL, Tan LCS, Ng ASL. Patient attitudes towards brain donation across both neurodegenerative and non-neurodegenerative neurological disorders. Cell Tissue Bank 2020; 21:265-277. [PMID: 32140800 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-020-09819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Brain donations are imperative for research; understanding possible barriers to entry is required to improve brain donation rates. While a few surveys have studied attitudes towards brain banking in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, none have surveyed patients with chronic neurological disorders but without neurodegeneration. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 187 participants, with both neurodegenerative (n = 122) and non-neurodegenerative disorders (n = 65), to compare their attitudes and preferences towards brain donation. Encouragingly, patients with non-neurodegenerative disorders were just as likely to consider brain donation as those with neurodegenerative diseases. Approximately half of each group were willing to consider brain donation, and majority of participants across both groups would not be offended if asked to participate in brain donation (71%). Across both groups, altruistic reasons such as desire to advance medical knowledge and benefit to other patients were the main motivating factors for brain donation, while perceived stress for family members, fears of body disfigurement and religious reasons were the main reasons against brain donation. Of note, nearly two-thirds of all participants were agreeable to allow their family to decide on their behalf. Overall, participants with non-neurodegenerative disorders appeared equally likely to consider brain donation as participants with neurodegenerative disorders. This is an important finding as they represent a significant population seen in specialist neurology clinics who may be overlooked in brain donor recruitment and awareness efforts. Healthcare professionals involved in brain banking should consider actively approaching these potential donors and involving their family members in these discussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reudi J W Chan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Sherilyn Seah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Joel Y J Foo
- Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Alisa C W Yong
- Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Nicole S Y Chia
- Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Sherwin J U Agustin
- Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Shermyn X M Neo
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Kay-Yaw Tay
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Wing-Lok Au
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Louis C S Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Adeline S L Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
- Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.
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6
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Ma C, Bao AM, Yan XX, Swaab DF. Progress in Human Brain Banking in China. Neurosci Bull 2019; 35:179-182. [PMID: 30843142 PMCID: PMC6426891 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00350-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Neuroscience Center; Joint Laboratory of Anesthesia and Pain, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Ai-Min Bao
- Department of Neurobiology, and Department of Neurology of the Second Affiliated Hospital; Institute of Neuroscience, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical Science, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Dick F Swaab
- Department Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, an Institute of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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