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Gu J, Jiang L, Chen Z, Qi J. A simple nanoplatform of thermo-sensitive liposomes and gold nanorods to treat bone metastasis through improved chemotherapy combined with photothermal therapy. Int J Pharm X 2024; 8:100282. [PMID: 39286038 PMCID: PMC11403519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone metastasis remains a clinical challenge and is still considered incurable. While nanoparticles-based drug delivery and photothermal therapy (PTT) show promise in treating subcutaneous solid tumor, their therapeutic outcome in treating bone metastasis is limited, due to the inaccessibility of bone metastatic site and the complexity of bone metastasis. Herein, we reported a simple nanoplatform composed of thermo-sensitive liposomes (TSL) and gold nanorods (GNR) to treat bone metastasis through improved chemotherapy combined with GNR-assisted PTT. Lipid combination of TSL was firstly tailored to regulate its stability under physiological condition as well as its sensitivity in responding to PTT-caused mild hyperthermia. The obtained TSL with loaded drug was then combined with GNR to form the nanoplatform through unsophisticated incubation. Cell experiments revealed that upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, the nanoplatform effectively inhibited the viability and migration ability of tumor cells through PTT, PTT-triggered thermo-sensitive drug release, and PTT-augmented sensitivity of tumor cells to drug. In a murine model of bone metastasis, the nanoplatform enabled effective delivery of loaded drug and GNR to bone metastatic site for rapid drug release upon local NIR irradiation. Through killing tumor cells and rebalancing the turnover of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, the nanoplatform largely preserved bone structure for pain relief and survival extension. Inspired by the simplicity of nanoplatform acquirement and treatment operation, the strategy of liposomes-based thermo-sensitive drug delivery in combination with GNR-assisted PTT is considered greatly promising in treating bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifan Jiang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongping Chen
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, People's Republic of China
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Ni C, Chen L, Hua B, Han Z, Xu L, Zhou Q, Yao M, Ni H. Epigenetic mechanisms of bone cancer pain. Neuropharmacology 2024; 261:110164. [PMID: 39307393 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
The management and treatment of bone cancer pain (BCP) remain significant clinical challenges, imposing substantial economic burdens on patients and society. Extensive research has demonstrated that BCP induces changes in the gene expression of peripheral sensory nerves and neurons, which play crucial roles in the onset and maintenance of BCP. However, our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms of BCP underlying the transcriptional regulation of pro-nociceptive (such as inflammatory factors and the transient receptor potential family) and anti-nociceptive (such as potassium channels and opioid receptors) genes remains limited. This article reviews the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in BCP, analyzing the roles of histone modifications, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the expression of pro-nociceptive and anti-nociceptive genes. Finally, we provide a comprehensive view of the functional mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in BCP and explore the potential of these epigenetic molecules as therapeutic targets for BCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaobo Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bohan Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zixin Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Longsheng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qinghe Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Huadong Ni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Research Center, Jiaxing University Affiliated Hospital, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China.
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Wu Y, Sun B, Tang Y, Shen A, Lin Y, Zhao X, Li J, Monteiro MJ, Gu W. Bone targeted nano-drug and nano-delivery. Bone Res 2024; 12:51. [PMID: 39231955 PMCID: PMC11375042 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
There are currently no targeted delivery systems to satisfactorily treat bone-related disorders. Many clinical drugs consisting of small organic molecules have a short circulation half-life and do not effectively reach the diseased tissue site. This coupled with repeatedly high dose usage that leads to severe side effects. With the advance in nanotechnology, drugs contained within a nano-delivery device or drugs aggregated into nanoparticles (nano-drugs) have shown promises in targeted drug delivery. The ability to design nanoparticles to target bone has attracted many researchers to develop new systems for treating bone related diseases and even repurposing current drug therapies. In this review, we shall summarise the latest progress in this area and present a perspective for future development in the field. We will focus on calcium-based nanoparticle systems that modulate calcium metabolism and consequently, the bone microenvironment to inhibit disease progression (including cancer). We shall also review the bone affinity drug family, bisphosphonates, as both a nano-drug and nano-delivery system for bone targeted therapy. The ability to target and release the drug in a controlled manner at the disease site represents a promising safe therapy to treat bone diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilun Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing Sun
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Ying Tang
- Science and Technology Innovation Centre, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aining Shen
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanlin Lin
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingui Li
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Co-innovation Centre for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Michael J Monteiro
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Wenyi Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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Wang D, Jiang T, Zheng L, Liu C, Fan X, Li Y, Li J. Analgesic treatment for refractory cancer pain caused by gastric cancer bone metastasis: A case report and literature review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38851. [PMID: 38996101 PMCID: PMC11245194 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Patients with bone metastasis-associated cancer pain often experience a complex mix of pain types. Consequently, the use of multimodal combination therapy is essential. While monitoring for common adverse reactions in pain treatment, it is also crucial to be vigilant for the rare but serious serotonin syndrome. PATIENT CONCERNS A 53-year-old female with metastatic gastric cancer was hospitalized due to severe, uncontrolled thoracic and cervical pain. During the titration of her cancer pain medication, she developed serotonin syndrome. DIAGNOSES He was diagnosed with refractory cancer pain and serotonin syndrome. INTERVENTIONS The complete process of cancer pain medication in a patient with gastric cancer and bone metastasis was analyzed, with a primary focus on the selection of analgesic medications, adjustment of opioid dosages, and prevention and treatment of medication-associated adverse reactions. OUTCOMES The patient's cancer pain was well controlled, with the prompt management of adverse reactions. Furthermore, by adjusting the medication regimen, intolerable adverse reactions were prevented. LESSONS In clinical settings, personalized analgesic regimens must be developed for patients with cancer pain to enhance patient compliance with medication, prevent the occurrence of severe adverse reactions, and improve the overall quality of life of patients with cancer. Healthcare professionals should pay increased attention to ADRs associated with opioid medications, whereas pharmacists should assist them in promptly identifying ADRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Lingli Zheng
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chaomin Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaomei Fan
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yan Li
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jing Li
- Clinical Medical College, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, China
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Szallasi A. Targeting TRPV1 for Cancer Pain Relief: Can It Work? Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:648. [PMID: 38339399 PMCID: PMC11154559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic intractable pain affects a large proportion of cancer patients, especially those with metastatic bone disease. Blocking sensory afferents for cancer pain relief represents an attractive alternative to opioids and other drugs acting in the CNS in that sensory nerve blockers are not addictive and do not affect the mental state of the patient. A distinct subpopulation of sensory afferents expresses the capsaicin receptor TRPV1. Intrathecal resiniferatoxin, an ultrapotent capsaicin analog, ablates TRPV1-expressing nerve endings exposed to the cerebrospinal fluid, resulting in permanent analgesia in women with cervical cancer metastasis to the pelvic bone. High-dose capsaicin patches are effective pain killers in patients with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathic pain. However, large gaps remain in our knowledge since the mechanisms by which cancer activates TRPV1 are essentially unknown. Most important, it is not clear whether or not sensory denervation mediated by TRPV1 agonists affects cancer progression. In a murine model of breast cancer, capsaicin desensitization was reported to accelerate progression. By contrast, desensitization mediated by resiniferatoxin was found to block melanoma growth. These observations imply that TRPV1 blockade for pain relief may be indicated for some cancers and contraindicated for others. In this review, we explore the current state of this field and compare the analgesic potential of TRPV1 antagonism and sensory afferent desensitization in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpad Szallasi
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
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