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Wang M, Yang D, Hu Z, Shi Y, Ma Y, Cao X, Guo T, Cai H, Cai H. Extracorporeal Cardiac Shock Waves Therapy Improves the Function of Endothelial Progenitor Cells After Hypoxia Injury via Activating PI3K/Akt/eNOS Signal Pathway. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:747497. [PMID: 34708093 PMCID: PMC8542843 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.747497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Extracorporeal cardiac shock waves (ECSW) have great potential in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are a class of pluripotent progenitor cells derived from bone marrow or peripheral blood, which have the capacity to migrate to ischemic myocardium and differentiate into mature endothelial cells and play an important role in neovascularization and endothelial repair. In this study, we investigated whether ECSW therapy can improve EPCs dysfunction and apoptosis induced by hypoxia and explored the underlying mechanisms. Methods: EPCs were separated from ApoE gene knockout rat bone marrow and identified using flow cytometry and fluorescence staining. EPCs were used to produce in vitro hypoxia-injury models which were then divided into six groups: Control, Hypoxia, Hypoxia + ECSW, Hypoxia + LY294002 + ECSW, Hypoxia + MK-2206 + ECSW, and Hypoxia + L-NAME + ECSW. EPCs from the Control, Hypoxia, and Hypoxia + ECSW groups were used in mRNA sequencing reactions. mRNA and protein expression levels were analyzed using qRT-PCR and western blot analysis, respectively. Proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, migration, and angiogenesis were measured using CCK-8, flow cytometry, gelatin, transwell, and tube formation, respectively. Nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured using an NO assay kit. Results: Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed genes were enriched in cancer signaling, PI3K-Akt signaling, and Rap1 signaling pathways. We selected differentially expressed genes in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and verified them using a series of experiments. The results showed that ECSW therapy (500 shots at 0.09 mJ/mm2) significantly improved proliferation, adhesion, migration, and tube formation abilities of EPCs following hypoxic injury, accompanied by upregulation of p-PI3K, p-Akt, p-eNOS, Bcl-2 protein and NO, PI3K, and Akt mRNA expression, and downregulation of Bax and Caspase3 protein expression. All these effects of ECSW were eliminated using inhibitors specific to PI3K (LY294002), Akt (MK-2206), and eNOS (L-NAME). Conclusion: ECSW exerted a strong repaired effect on EPCs suffering inhibited hypoxia injury by inhibiting cell apoptosis and promoting angiogenesis, mainly through activating the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway, which provide new evidence for ECSW therapy in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yiming Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Yunnan Fuwai Cardiovascular Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Hongbo Cai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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Stojanović SD, Fiedler J, Bauersachs J, Thum T, Sedding DG. Senescence-induced inflammation: an important player and key therapeutic target in atherosclerosis. Eur Heart J 2021; 41:2983-2996. [PMID: 31898722 PMCID: PMC7453834 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a hallmark and potent driver of pathological vascular remodelling in atherosclerosis. However, current anti-inflammatory therapeutic strategies have shown mixed results. As an alternative perspective on the conundrum of chronic inflammation emerging evidence points towards a small subset of senescent cells as a critical player and central node driving atherosclerosis. Senescent cells belonging to various cell types are a dominant and chronic source of a large array of pro-inflammatory cytokines and various additional plaque destabilizing factors, being involved with various aspects of atherosclerosis pathogenesis. Antagonizing these key agitators of local chronic inflammation and plaque instability may provide a causative and multi-purpose therapeutic strategy to treat atherosclerosis. Anti-senescence treatment options with translational potential are currently in development. However, several questions and challenges remain to be addressed before these novel treatment approaches may enter the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stevan D Stojanović
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Daniel G Sedding
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Martin-Luther-University Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Liu D, Gu G, Gan L, Yan W, Zhang Z, Yao P, Zhu D, Lau WB, Xie D, Wu S, Meng Z, Tsukuda J, Christopher T, Lopez B, Zhao J, Gao E, Koch W, Ma XL, Wang Y. Identification of a CTRP9 C-Terminal polypeptide capable of enhancing bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell cardioprotection through promoting angiogenic exosome production. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101929. [PMID: 33714738 PMCID: PMC7966869 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell therapy improves ischemic heart failure via incompletely understood mechanisms. C1q-TNFα related protein-9 (CTRP9) is a novel anti-oxidative cardiokine capable of improving the local microenvironment and cell survival by its c-terminal active globular domain (gCTRP9). The current study attempted to: 1) identify active gCTRP9 c-terminal polypeptides with stem cell protective function; 2) determine whether a lead polypeptide may enable/enhance cortical bone-derived mesenchymal stem cell (CBSC) cardioprotection against post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) remodeling; and 3) define the responsible underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing I-TASSER structure prediction and 3-D active site modeling, we cloned and purified 3 gCTRP9 fragments (CTRP9-237, CTRP9-277, and CTRP9-281). Their activation of cell salvage kinase was compared against gCTRP9. Among the three fragments, CTRP9-281 (a 45 residue-containing polypeptide) exerted comparable or greater ERK1/2 activation compared to gCTRP9. Treatment with CTRP9-281 or gCTRP9 significantly increased CBSC proliferation and migration, and attenuated oxidative stress-induced CBSC apoptosis. CTRP9-281 and gCTRP9 comparably upregulated SOD2 and SOD3 expression. However, CTRP9-281, not gCTRP9, upregulated FGF2 and VEGFA expression/secretion in an ERK1/2 dependent manner. Administration of gCTRP9 or CTRP9-281 alone attenuated post-MI cardiac dysfunction and improved CBSC retention in the infarcted heart in similar fashion. However, CTRP9-281 exerted greater synergistic effect with CBSC than gCTRP9 related to pro-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic, and anti-remodeling effects. Mechanistically, CTRP9-281 significantly increased SOD2-rich and VEGFA-rich exosome production by CBSC. Exosomes from CTRP9-281 treated CBSC significantly attenuated oxidative stress-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro. An exosome generation inhibitor attenuated CTRP9-281 enhancement of CBSC cardioprotection in vivo. CONCLUSION We identified a CTRP9 polypeptide that upregulates SOD2/SOD3 expression and improves CBSC survival/retention, similar to gCTRP9. Moreover, CTRP9-281 stimulates VEGFA-rich exosome production by CBSC, exerting superior pro-angiogenic, anti-fibrotic, and cardioprotective actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demin Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Guoqiang Gu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Lu Gan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Wenjun Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Peng Yao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Wayne Bond Lau
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Dina Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Sisi Wu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Zhijun Meng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jumpei Tsukuda
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Theodore Christopher
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Bernard Lopez
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Jianli Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Erhe Gao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Walter Koch
- Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xin-Liang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Emergency Medicine and Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA,Corresponding author.
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Ma Y, Hu Z, Yang D, Li L, Wang L, Xiao J, Cao X, Shi Y, Cai H. Extracorporeal cardiac shock waves therapy promotes function of endothelial progenitor cells through PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:3895-3905. [PMID: 32774743 PMCID: PMC7407747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated extracorporeal cardiac shock waves (ECSW) could induce angiogenesis and improves myocardial function in patients with coronary heart diseases as a safe, effective, and non-invasive angiogenic approach. The endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can migrate to the ischemic myocardium and differentiate into vascular endothelial cells, thus promoting the angiogenesis. Whether ECSW can improve the angiogenic ability of EPCs is unclear. This topic studied the effects of ECSW Therapy on EPCs functions and related signal transduction pathways. The bone marrow-derived EPCs of SD rats were isolated by the density centrifugation method. After treatment with ECSW (500 shots at 0.09 mJ/mm2), the cell viability, anti-apoptosis, migration, and tube formation of EPCs were significantly improved. In addition, the expressions of phosphorylated AKT and ERK were increased after ECSW treatment, the expressions of downstream signaling molecules eNOS and Bcl-2 were also increased, but the expressions of Bax and Caspase3 were decreased. However, these beneficial effects can be inhibited by PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 and MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059. Together, ECSW can promote the cell viability, migration, and angiogenic ability of EPCs and inhibit the apoptosis of EPCs through the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. The mechanism may be related to promoting the expressions of downstream p-eNOS and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and inhibiting the expressions of pro-apoptotic protein Bax and Caspase3 through the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Zhao Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Luqiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Jianming Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Xingyu Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Yunke Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
| | - Hongyan Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University Kunming, China
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Adverse Cardiac Remodelling after Acute Myocardial Infarction: Old and New Biomarkers. DISEASE MARKERS 2020; 2020:1215802. [PMID: 32626540 PMCID: PMC7306098 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1215802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of heart failure (HF) due to cardiac remodelling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) does not decrease regardless of implementation of new technologies supporting opening culprit coronary artery and solving of ischemia-relating stenosis with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Numerous studies have examined the diagnostic and prognostic potencies of circulating cardiac biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome/AMI and heart failure after AMI, and even fewer have depicted the utility of biomarkers in AMI patients undergoing primary PCI. Although complete revascularization at early period of acute coronary syndrome/AMI is an established factor for improved short-term and long-term prognosis and lowered risk of cardiovascular (CV) complications, late adverse cardiac remodelling may be a major risk factor for one-year mortality and postponded heart failure manifestation after PCI with subsequent blood flow resolving in culprit coronary artery. The aim of the review was to focus an attention on circulating biomarker as a promising tool to stratify AMI patients at high risk of poor cardiac recovery and developing HF after successful PCI. The main consideration affects biomarkers of inflammation, biomechanical myocardial stress, cardiac injury and necrosis, fibrosis, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular reparation. Clinical utilities and predictive modalities of natriuretic peptides, cardiac troponins, galectin 3, soluble suppressor tumorogenicity-2, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, growth differential factor-15, midregional proadrenomedullin, noncoding RNAs, and other biomarkers for adverse cardiac remodelling are discussed in the review.
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Rethineswaran VK, Kim YJ, Jang WB, Ji ST, Kang S, Kim DY, Park JH, Van LTH, Giang LTT, Ha JS, Yun J, Lee DH, Yu SN, Park SG, Ahn SC, Kwon SM. Enzyme-Aided Extraction of Fucoidan by AMG Augments the Functionality of EPCs through Regulation of the AKT/Rheb Signaling Pathway. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17070392. [PMID: 31277207 PMCID: PMC6669526 DOI: 10.3390/md17070392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to improve the endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) activation, proliferation, and angiogenesis using enzyme-aided extraction of fucoidan by amyloglucosidase (EAEF-AMG). Enzyme-aided extraction of fucoidan by AMG (EAEF-AMG) significantly increased EPC proliferation by reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreasing apoptosis. Notably, EAEF-AMG treated EPCs repressed the colocalization of TSC2/LAMP1 and promoted perinuclear localization of mTOR/LAMP1 and mTOR/Rheb. Moreover, EAEF-AMG enhanced EPC functionalities, including tube formation, cell migration, and wound healing via regulation of AKT/Rheb signaling. Our data provided cell priming protocols to enhance therapeutic applications of EPCs using bioactive compounds for the treatment of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinoth Kumar Rethineswaran
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Yeon-Ju Kim
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Woong Bi Jang
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Seung Taek Ji
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Songhwa Kang
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Da Yeon Kim
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Park
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Le Thi Hong Van
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Ly Thanh Truong Giang
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jong Seong Ha
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Jisoo Yun
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Dong Hyung Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Sul-Gi Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
| | - Sang-Mo Kwon
- Convergence Stem Cell Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
- Laboratory for Vascular Medicine and Stem Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
- Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
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Accelerated cellular senescence as underlying mechanism for functionally impaired bone marrow-derived progenitor cells in ischemic heart disease. Atherosclerosis 2017; 260:138-146. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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