|
1
|
Kurten RC, Rawson R, Shoda T, Duong LD, Adejumobi D, Levy R, Newbury RO, Rothenberg ME, Akuthota P, Wright BL, Dohil R, Jones SM, Aceves SS. Development and Application of a Functional Human Esophageal Mucosa Explant Platform to Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6206. [PMID: 30996235 PMCID: PMC6470157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing prevalence of esophageal diseases but intact human tissue platforms to study esophageal function, disease mechanisms, and the interactions between cell types in situ are lacking. To address this, we utilized full thickness human donor esophagi to create and validate the ex vivo function of mucosa and smooth muscle (n = 25). Explanted tissue was tested for contractile responses to carbachol and histamine. We then treated ex vivo human esophageal mucosa with a cytokine cocktail to closely mimic the Th2 and inflammatory milieu of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and assessed alterations in smooth muscle and extracellular matrix function and stiffening. We found that full thickness human esophagus as well as the individual layers of circular and longitudinal muscularis propria developed tension in response to carbachol ex vivo and that mucosa demonstrated squamous cell differentiation. Treatment of mucosa with Th2 and fibrotic cytokines recapitulated the majority of the clinical Eosinophilic Esophagitis Diagnostic Profile (EDP) on fluidic transcriptional microarray. Transforming growth factor-beta-1 (TGFβ1) increased gene expression of fibronectin, smooth muscle actin, and phospholamban (p < 0.001). The EoE cocktail also increased stiffness and decreased mucosal compliance, akin to the functional alterations in EoE (p = 0.001). This work establishes a new, transcriptionally intact and physiologically functional human platform to model esophageal tissue responses in EoE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Kurten
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. .,Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. .,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
| | - Renee Rawson
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tetsuo Shoda
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Loan D Duong
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Dolapo Adejumobi
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Rebecca Levy
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Robert O Newbury
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Praveen Akuthota
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine University of California, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Medicine University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Benjamin L Wright
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdate, Arizona, Division of Pulmonology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Ranjan Dohil
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Stacie M Jones
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.,Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
| | - Seema S Aceves
- Division of Allergy & Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA. .,Division of Allergy, Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego and Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA. .,Department of Medicine University of California, San Diego, California, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Kato E, Yamane S, Nomura R, Matsumoto K, Tashima K, Horie S, Saito T, Fujino H, Murayama T. Dysfunction of neurogenic VIP-mediated relaxation in mouse distal colon with dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. Pharmacol Res 2011; 65:204-12. [PMID: 21939768 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 08/09/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) regulates various functions including motility and immune homeostasis in colon. The VIP system including its receptors has been established to control the development of ulcerative colitis, but the functional changes of the system-regulated motility in colon with ulcerative colitis are not well understood. In this study, we investigated VIP-related contractile responses in distal colon from mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis. Electrical stimulation (ES) under our conditions caused relaxation during ES and contraction after withdrawal of ES in a tetrodotoxin-sensitive manner. Pharmacological analyses showed two phases of ES-induced relaxation: a transient neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase-dependent phase (I), and a continued VIP receptor-mediated phase (II). Inhibition of VIP receptors and protein kinase A decreased both phases. In colon from DSS-treated mice, ES-induced phase II (also phase I) and VIP-induced, but not cyclic AMP analog-induced, relaxation were decreased. Stimulation with VIP significantly increased cyclic AMP formation in colon preparations from control but not DSS-treated mice. In colon from DSS-treated mice, the basal cyclic AMP level was markedly greater without changes in the level of VIP receptor VPAC(2). Isoprenaline- and forskolin-induced relaxation and cyclic AMP formation were not changed by DSS treatment. These findings suggest that dysfunction of VIP receptors in muscles, in addition to loss of the neuronal VIP and NO pathways, are involved in abnormal motility in mouse colon with DSS-induced colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erina Kato
- Laboratory of Chemical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|