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Gao Y, Liu JF, Zhang C, Liu L, Liu YP, Zhang SL, Zhao LM. Enzyme-injected method of enzymatic dispersion at low temperature is effective for isolation of smooth muscle cells from human esophagogastric junction. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:2933-2948. [PMID: 32256779 PMCID: PMC7086163 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the feasibility of in vitro isolation and primary culture of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) from the esophagogastric junction (EGJ). Smooth muscles of EGJ were harvested from 23 patients with esophageal cancer during esophagostomy from January 2015 to December 2017. Enzymatic dispersion (ED) was performed for isolation. Collagenase II and Trypsin/EDTA were applied by enzyme injection (EI) into tissue fragments or immersion of tissue fragments into enzyme solution. Growth characteristics and proliferation [Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)] of cells were recorded for both smooth muscle cell medium (SMCM) and DMEM/F12 containing 10% newborn bovine serum (10%-F12). All ED methods could isolate primary cells; EI was the most effective method with low collagenase II concentration (0.5 mg/ml) at 4˚C for 14-24 h. Primary cells demonstrated mainly spindle- and long-spindle-shaped with ‘hills and valleys’ morphology. The CCK-8 assay in SMCM showed better proliferation results than in 10%-F12. After passaging for 4-8 generations in SMCM or 2-4 generations in 10%-F12, cells enlarged gradually with passages and lost spindle structures. mRNA and proteins of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle 22 α (SM22α), vimentin, desmin, CD90 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen were detected in tissues and cells with different levels of expression. SMCs of esophageal circular muscle, esophageal longitudinal muscle, gastric circular muscle near sling in gastric bottom and gastric circular muscle near clasp in lesser gastric curvature, all cultured in 10%-F12, exhibited superior smooth muscle phenotypes compared with SMCs cultured in SMCM in terms of α-SMA, SM22α and vimentin expression. The EI method of ED at low temperature appears effective for isolation and primary culture of SMCs from human EGJ in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China.,Graduate School of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Feng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Tumor Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Yue-Ping Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Lian-Mei Zhao
- Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
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Banhasasim-Tang Treatment Reduces the Severity of Esophageal Mucosal Ulcer on Chronic Acid Reflux Esophagitis in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:7157212. [PMID: 28349065 PMCID: PMC5352876 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7157212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Banhasasim-tang (BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis (CRE) model. Rat CRE model was established operatively and then treated with BHSST (1 g/kg body weight per day) for 15 days Esophageal pathological changes were analyzed using macroscopic examination and hematoxylin/eosin staining. The antioxidant and inflammatory protein levels were determined using Western blotting. The administration of BHSST significantly reduced both the overexpression of serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an excessive formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) in esophagus tissue. Thus, the severity of esophageal ulcer was lower in BHSST treated rats than control rats on the gross and histological evaluation. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) led to the upregulation of antioxidant enzyme including SOD, GPx-1/2, and HO-1 by binding to antioxidant response element (ARE). Moreover, BHSST administration markedly reduced the expression of inflammatory proteins through mitogen-activated protein kinase- (MAPK-) related signaling pathways and decreased significantly the protein expressions of inflammatory mediators and cytokines by inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation. Taken together, these results support the fact that BHSST administration can suppress the development of esophageal mucosal ulcer via regulating inflammation through the activation of the antioxidant pathway.
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Lim TG, Kim JE, Jung SK, Li Y, Bode AM, Park JS, Yeom MH, Dong Z, Lee KW. MLK3 is a direct target of biochanin A, which plays a role in solar UV-induced COX-2 expression in human keratinocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:896-903. [PMID: 23948065 PMCID: PMC4241970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Revised: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Solar UV (sUV) is an important environmental carcinogen. Recent studies have shown that sUV is associated with numerous human skin disorders, such as wrinkle formation and inflammation. In this study, we found that the isoflavone, biochanin A, inhibited the expression of sUV-induced COX-2, which is a well-characterized sUV-induced enzyme, in both human HaCaT keratinocytes and JB6 P+ mouse skin epidermal cells. Several studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of biochanin A. However, its direct molecular target is unknown. We found that biochanin A inhibited sUV-induced phosphorylation of MKK4/JNK/c-Jun and MKK3/6/p38/MSK1. Mixed-lineage kinase 3 (MLK3) is an upstream kinase of MKK4 and MKK3/6. Thus, we evaluated the effect of biochanin A on MLK3. We found that sUV-induced MLK3 phosphorylation was not affected, whereas MLK3 kinase activity was significantly suppressed by biochanin A. Furthermore, direct binding of biochanin A in the MLK3 ATP-binding pocket was detected using pull-down assays. Computer modeling supported our observation that MLK3 is a novel target of biochanin A. These results suggest that biochanin A exerts chemopreventive effects by suppressing sUV-induced COX-2 expression mediated through MLK3 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Gyu Lim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Eun Kim
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Keun Jung
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
- Division of Metabolism and Functionality Research, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Li
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Ann M. Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Jun-Seong Park
- Skin Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 341-1, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong Hun Yeom
- Skin Research Institute, Amorepacific Corporation R&D Center, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 341-1, Republic of Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, 801 16th Avenue NE, Austin, MN, 55912, USA
| | - Ki Won Lee
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, 443-270, Republic of Korea
- WCU Biomodulation Major, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-921, Republic of Korea
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