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Acefylline Derivatives as a New Class of Anticancer Agents: Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Anticancer, Hemolytic, and Thrombolytic Activities of Acefylline-Triazole Hybrids. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/3502872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of novel acefyllines and exploring their biological activities attract researchers due to their medicinal applications. Therefore, the current work reports the successful synthesis of a series of novel acefyllines in good yields, and their structures wereconfirmed using various spectroscopic methods. The synthesized acefyllines demonstrated moderate activity (cell viability = 22.55 ± 0.95% − 57.63 ± 3.65%) compared with the starting drug acefylline (cell viability = 80 ± 3.87%) against the human liver carcinoma (Hep G2 cell line). N-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-((1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-7(6H)-yl)methyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)acetamide exhibited the most potent activity (cell viability = 22.55 ± 0.95%) among the synthesized derivatives. The in silico modeling studies were performed to predict the binding of the most potent derivative with a binding site that agreed with the results of the antiproliferative activity. The newly synthesized heterocycles exhibited the least hemolytic and moderate clot lysis activity.
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Shahzadi I, Zahoor AF, Rasul A, Mansha A, Ahmad S, Raza Z. Synthesis, Hemolytic Studies, and In Silico Modeling of Novel Acefylline-1,2,4-Triazole Hybrids as Potential Anti-cancer Agents against MCF-7 and A549. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:11943-11953. [PMID: 34056349 PMCID: PMC8154016 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel theophylline-7-acetic acid (acefylline)-derived 1,2,4-triazole hybrids with N-phenyl acetamide moieties (11a-j) have been synthesized and tested for their inhibitory (in vitro) potential against two cancer cell lines, A549 (lung) and MCF-7 (breast), using MTT assay. Among these derivatives, 11a, 11c, 11d, 11g, and 11h displayed remarkable activity against both cancer cell lines having cell viability values in the 21.74 ± 1.60-55.37 ± 4.60% range compared to acefylline (86.32 ± 1.75%) using 100 μg/μL concentration of compounds. These compounds were further screened against the A549 cancer cell line (lung) to find their half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) by applying various concentrations of these compounds. Compound 11g (2-(5-((1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-7(6H)-yl)methyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)-N-p-tolylacetamide) with the least IC50 value (1.25 ± 1.36 μM) was discerned as a strong inhibitor of cancer cell multiplication in both cell lines (A549 and MCF-7). Their hemolytic studies revealed that all of them had very low cytotoxicity. Finally, in silico modeling was carried out to find the mode of binding of the highly active compound (11g), which was according to the results of anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irum Shahzadi
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department
of Zoology, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department
of Chemistry, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Engineering
and Technology Lahore, Faisalabad Campus, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Raza
- Department
of Pharmacology, Government College University
Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Borowiecki P, Młynek M, Dranka M. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of enantiomerically enriched diprophylline and xanthinol nicotinate. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104448. [PMID: 33229120 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A concise chemoenzymatic route toward enantiomerically enriched active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) - diprophylline and xanthinol nicotinate - is reported for the first time. The decisive step is an enantioselective lipase-mediated methanolysis of racemic chlorohydrin-synthon acetate, namely 1-chloro-3-(1,3-dimethyl-2,6-dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-7H-purin-7-yl)propan-2-yl acetate, performed under kinetically-controlled conditions on a preparative 500 mg-scale. The best results in terms of reaction enantioselectivity (E = 14) were obtained for the enantiomers resolution performed with lipase type B from Candida antarctica immobilized on acrylic resin (CAL-B, Novozym 435) suspended in homophasic acetonitrile-methanol mixture. The elaborated biocatalytic system furnished the key chlorohydrin intermediate (in 71% ee and 38% yield), which was then smoothly converted into enantioenriched active agents: (R)-(-)-diprophylline (57% ee) and (S)-(+)-xanthinol nicotinate (65% ee). To support the assignment of absolute configurations of EKR-products as well as to confirm the stereochemical outcome of the remaining reaction steps, docking studies toward the prediction of enantiomers binding selectivity in CAL-B active site as well as the respective chemical correlations with enantiomerically enriched analytical standards obtained from commercially available (R)-(-)-epichlorohydrin, were applied. In addition, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were performed for the synthesized optically active APIs furnishing by this manner a first crystal structures of nicotinic acid salt of xanthinol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Borowiecki
- Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Biotransformations, Koszykowa St. 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Młynek
- Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Drugs Technology and Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Biotransformations, Koszykowa St. 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Dranka
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Solid State Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
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Shahzadi I, Zahoor AF, Rasul A, Rasool N, Raza Z, Faisal S, Parveen B, Kamal S, Zia‐ur‐Rehman M, Zahid FM. Synthesis, anticancer, and computational studies of 1, 3,
4‐oxadiazole‐purine
derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irum Shahzadi
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Ameer F. Zahoor
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of ZoologyGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Nasir Rasool
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Raza
- Department of PharmacologyGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shahla Faisal
- Department of StatisticsGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Bushra Parveen
- Department of ChemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Kamal
- Department of BiochemistryGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
| | | | - Faisal M. Zahid
- Department of StatisticsGovernment College University Faisalabad Faisalabad Pakistan
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Khaliullin FА, Shabalina YV. Unusual Reaction of 8-Bromo-3-methyl-7-(thietan-3-yl)3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-diones with Trisamine in Dimethylformamide. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428020020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Petrova KY, Kim DG, Sharutin VV, Eltsov OS, Shtukina TS, Anuchin AA. Synthesis and Some Transformations of 7-Substituted 8-Chlorotheophyllines. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363219110069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Afifi OS, Shaaban OG, Abd El Razik HA, Shams El-Dine SEDA, Ashour FA, El-Tombary AA, Abu-Serie MM. Synthesis and biological evaluation of purine-pyrazole hybrids incorporating thiazole, thiazolidinone or rhodanine moiety as 15-LOX inhibitors endowed with anticancer and antioxidant potential. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:821-837. [PMID: 30999135 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Novel purine-pyrazole hybrids combining thiazoles, thiazolidinones and rhodanines, were designed and tested as 15-LOX inhibitors, potential anticancer and antioxidant agents. All tested compounds were found to be potent 15-LOX inhibitors with IC50 ranging from 1.76 to 6.12 µM. The prepared compounds were evaluated in vitro against five cancer cell lines: A549 (lung), Caco-2 (colon), PC3 (prostate), MCF-7 (breast) and HepG-2 (liver). Compounds 7b and 8b displayed broad spectrum anticancer activity against the five tested cell lines (IC50 = 18.5-95.39 µM). While, compound 7h demonstrated moderate anticancer activity against lung A549 and colon Caco-2 cell lines. Antioxidant screening revealed that six compounds (5a, 5b, 6b, 7b, 7h and 8b) with IC50 ranging from 0.93 to 14.43 µg/ml were found to be more potent scavengers of 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) than the reference ascorbic acid with IC50 value of 15.34 µg/ml. Compounds 7b, 7h and 8b, when evaluated for their antioxidant activity, where found to be potent DPPH scavengers. Moreover, compound 7b displayed twice the potency of ascorbic acid as NO scavenger. Docking study was performed to elucidate the possible binding mode of the most active compounds with the active site of 15-LOX enzyme. Collectively, the purine-pyrazole hybrids having thiazoline or thizolidinone moieties (7b, 7h and 8b) constitute a promising scaffold in designing more potent 15-LOX inhibitors with anticancer and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola S Afifi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Omaima G Shaaban
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Heba A Abd El Razik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | | | - Fawzia A Ashour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Alaa A El-Tombary
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
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Yousaf M, Zahoor AF, Faiz S, Javed S, Irfan M. Recent Synthetic Approaches Towards Biologically Potent Derivatives/Analogues of Theophylline. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yousaf
- Department of Chemistry; Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Ameer Fawad Zahoor
- Department of Chemistry; Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Sadia Faiz
- Department of Chemistry; Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Sadia Javed
- Department of Pharmaceutics; Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Biochemistry; Government College University Faisalabad; Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan
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Purines and triazolo[4,3-e]purines containing pyrazole moiety as potential anticancer and antioxidant agents. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1449-1464. [PMID: 29788781 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Targeting apoptosis regulators such as caspases aiming at inducing apoptosis is an attractive strategy in cancer therapy. MATERIALS & METHODS 8-substituted purine incorporating pyrazole moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer and antioxidant activities. RESULTS Compounds 7a and 8a displayed potent and selective anticancer activity against lung cancer A549 cell line with low cytotoxicity on peripheral blood mononuclear normal cells. Compounds 7a and 8a induced caspase dependent apoptotic death and DNA damage in all cancer cell lines. In addition, compounds 2, 5, 6a, 7a, 8a, 8c, 11a, 11b and 12b showed good antioxidant activity higher than that of the standard ascorbic acid. CONCLUSION Compounds 7a and 8a can be considered promising dual anticancer and antioxidant leads inducing caspase-dependent apoptotic death and DNA damage.
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