Cytotoxic triterpenoids from Saussurea phyllocephala

3β-Palmitoyloxy-olean-12-ene analogs from Sapium lateriflorum (Euphorbiaceae): Their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties and docking studies

Ten compounds, including a new anti-inflammatory acyl triterpene, 3β-palmitoyloxy-1β,11α-dihydroxy-olean-12-ene, were isolated from the bioactive organic extract prepared from the leaves of Sapium lateriflorum (syn: S. nitidum). The isolated compounds were screened for their cytotoxic activity against selected human cancer cell lines and did not display significant activity. They were also evaluated as anti-inflammatory agents in mouse models (TPA-induced edema in the ear and in a carrageenan-induced paw edema model). The results indicated that the new compound, 3β-palmitoyloxy-1β,11α-dihydroxy-olean-12-ene, was the compound with major anti-inflammatory activity similar to that of indomethacin, being the hydroxyl at C-11 important for the observed activity. The results of docking studies of the 3β-palmitoyloxy esters of olean-12-ene with NF-κB and with COX-2 receptors were consistent with possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory activity.

Triterpenoids

Covering 2014. Previous review: Nat. Prod. Rep., 2017, 34, 90-122 This review covers the isolation and structure determination of triterpenoids reported during 2014 including squalene derivatives, lanostanes, holostanes, cycloartanes, cucurbitanes, dammaranes, euphanes, tirucallanes, tetranortriterpenoids, quassinoids, lupanes, oleananes, friedelanes, ursanes, hopanes, serratanes, isomalabaricanes and saponins; 374 references are cited.