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Xiang C, Chen P, Zhang Q, Li Y, Pan Y, Xie W, Sun J, Liu Z. Intestinal microbiota modulates adrenomedullary response through Nod1 sensing in chromaffin cells. iScience 2021; 24:102849. [PMID: 34381974 PMCID: PMC8333343 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota closely interacts with the neuroendocrine system and exerts profound effects on host physiology. Here, we report that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 (Nod1) ligand derived from intestinal bacteria modulates catecholamine storage and secretion in mouse adrenal chromaffin cells. The cytosolic peptidoglycan receptor Nod1 is involved in chromogranin A (Chga) retention in dense core granules (DCGs) in chromaffin cells. Mechanistically, upon recognizing its ligand, Nod1 localizes to DCGs, and recruits Rab2a, which is critical for Chga and epinephrine retention in DCGs. Depletion of Nod1 ligand or deficiency of Nod1 leads to a profound defect in epinephrine storage in chromaffin cells and subsequently less secretion upon stimulation. The intestine-adrenal medulla cross talk bridged by Nod1 ligand modulates adrenal medullary responses during the immobilization-induced stress response in mice. Thus, our study uncovers a mechanism by which intestinal microbes modulate epinephrine secretion in response to stress, which may provide further understanding of the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peihua Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ying Pan
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wenchun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Guang Dong Bio-healtech Advanced Co., Ltd., Foshan, 528000, P. R. China
| | - Jianyuan Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, CAS; Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen 518055, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, CAS, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhihua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
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Feng JH, Lee HJ, Sim SM, Shende M, Suh HW. The modulatory role of β-amyloid in the regulation of nociception in mice. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2020. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2020-032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Efficacy and Safety of Different Norepinephrine Regimens for Prevention of Spinal Hypotension in Cesarean Section: A Randomized Trial. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:2708175. [PMID: 29951531 PMCID: PMC5989297 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2708175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of three different norepinephrine dosing regimens for preventing spinal hypotension in cesarean section. In this randomized double-blinded controlled study, 120 parturients scheduled for elective section delivery under spinal anesthesia were assigned to 1 of 4 groups. In the control group, patients received saline infusion. In three norepinephrine groups, the infusion dosage regimens were 5, 10, and 15 μg/kg/h, respectively. Hypotension was treated with a rescue bolus of 10 μg norepinephrine. The study protocol was continued until the end of surgery. The primary outcome was the proportion of participants that underwent hypotension. The proportion of hypotension participants was significantly reduced in the norepinephrine groups (37.9%, 20%, and 25%, respectively) compared to that in the control group (86.7%). However, the highest dose of norepinephrine (15 μg/kg/h) resulted in more hypertension episodes. In addition, blood pressure was better maintained in the norepinephrine 5 μg/kg/h and 10 μg/kg/h groups than in the control group and 15 μg/kg/h group. No significant differences in other hemodynamic variables, adverse effects, maternal and neonatal blood gases, or Apgar scores were observed among the groups. In summary, for patients who undergo cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia, infusion of 5–10 μg/kg/h norepinephrine was effective to reduce hypotension incidence without significant adverse effects on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Clinical Trial Registration Number is ChiCTR-INR-16009452.
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Kim SS, Park SH, Lee JR, Jung JS, Suh HW. The activation of α 2-adrenergic receptor in the spinal cord lowers sepsis-induced mortality. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 21:495-507. [PMID: 28883754 PMCID: PMC5587600 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2017.21.5.495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The effect of clonidine administered intrathecally (i.t.) on the mortality and the blood glucose level induced by sepsis was examined in mice. To produce sepsis, the mixture of D-galactosamine (GaLN; 0.6 g/10 ml)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 27 µg/27 µl) was treated intraperitoneally (i.p.). The i.t. pretreatment with clonidine (5 µg/5 µl) increased the blood glucose level and attenuated mortality induced by sepsis in a dose-dependent manner. The i.t. post-treatment with clonidine up to 3 h caused an elevation of the blood glucose level and protected sepsis-induced mortality, whereas clonidine post-treated at 6, 9, or 12 h did not affect. The pre-treatment with oral D-glucose for 30 min prior to i.t. post-treatment (6 h) with clonidine did not rescue sepsis-induced mortality. In addition, i.t. pretreatment with pertussis toxin (PTX) reduced clonidine-induced protection against mortality and clonidine-induced hyperglycemia, suggesting that protective effect against sepsis-induced mortality seems to be mediated via activating PTX-sensitive G-proteins in the spinal cord. Moreover, pretreatment with clonidine attenuated the plasma tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) induced by sepsis. Clonidine administered i.t. or i.p. increased p-AMPKα1 and p-AMPKα2, but decreased p-Tyk2 and p-mTOR levels in both control and sepsis groups, suggesting that the up-regulations of p-AMPKα1 and p-AMPKα2, or down-regulations of p-mTOR and p-Tyk2 may play critical roles for the protective effect of clonidine against sepsis-induced mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Su Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jae-Ryung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Jun-Sub Jung
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hong-Won Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Sim YB, Park SH, Kim SS, Lee JR, Jung JS, Sharma N, Suh HW. The modulatory roles of oxyntomodulin and glucagon-like peptide 1 administered spinally in the regulation of the blood glucose level. NEUROCHEM J+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712416040115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Suh HW, Sim YB, Park SH, Sharma N, Im HJ, Hong JS. Effect of pertussis toxin pretreated centrally on blood glucose level induced by stress. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2016; 20:467-76. [PMID: 27610033 PMCID: PMC5014993 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2016.20.5.467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we examined the effect of pertussis toxin (PTX) administered centrally in a variety of stress-induced blood glucose level. Mice were exposed to stress after the pretreatment of PTX (0.05 or 0.1 µg) i.c.v. or i.t. once for 6 days. Blood glucose level was measured at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min after stress stimulation. The blood glucose level was increased in all stress groups. The blood glucose level reached at maximum level after 30 min of stress stimulation and returned to a normal level after 2 h of stress stimulation in restraint stress, physical, and emotional stress groups. The blood glucose level induced by cold-water swimming stress was gradually increased up to 1 h and returned to the normal level. The intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intrathecal (i.t.) pretreatment with PTX, a Gi inhibitor, alone produced a hypoglycemia and almost abolished the elevation of the blood level induced by stress stimulation. The central pretreatment with PTX caused a reduction of plasma insulin level, whereas plasma corticosterone level was further up-regulated in all stress models. Our results suggest that the hyperglycemia produced by physical stress, emotional stress, restraint stress, and the cold-water swimming stress appear to be mediated by activation of centrally located PTX-sensitive G proteins. The reduction of blood glucose level by PTX appears to due to the reduction of plasma insulin level. The reduction of blood glucose level by PTX was accompanied by the reduction of plasma insulin level. Plasma corticosterone level up-regulation by PTX in stress models may be due to a blood glucose homeostatic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Won Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Yun-Beom Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea.; Adult Stem Cell Research Center in Kangstem Biotech, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Naveen Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Natural Medicine, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Im
- College of Physical Education, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Korea
| | - Jae-Seung Hong
- Department of Physical Education, College of Natural Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Park SH, Sim YB, Kim SS, Lee JR, Sharma N, Suh HW. Effects of 5,7-dihroxytryptamine administered supraspinally or spinally on the blood glucose level in D-glucose-fed and immobilization stress models. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2016.1221854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Park SH, Kim SS, Lee JR, Sharma N, Suh HW. Depletion of norepinephrine of the central nervous system Down-regulates the blood glucose level in d-glucose-fed and restraint stress models. Neurosci Lett 2016; 620:121-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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