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Zong G, Cao G, Fu J, Zhang P, Chen X, Yan W, Xin L, Wang Z, Xu Y, Zhang R. Novel mechanism of hydrogen peroxide for promoting efficient natamycin synthesis in Streptomyces. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0087923. [PMID: 37695060 PMCID: PMC10580950 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00879-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of regulation of natamycin biosynthesis by Streptomyces in response to oxidative stress is unclear. Here, we first show cholesterol oxidase SgnE, which catalyzes the formation of H2O2 from sterols, triggered a series of redox-dependent interactions to stimulate natamycin production in S. gilvosporeus. In response to reactive oxygen species, residues Cys212 and Cys221 of the H2O2-sensing consensus sequence of OxyR were oxidized, resulting in conformational changes in the protein: OxyR extended its DNA-binding domain to interact with four motifs of promoter p sgnM . This acted as a redox-dependent switch to turn on/off gene transcription of sgnM, which encodes a cluster-situated regulator, by controlling the affinity between OxyR and p sgnM , thus regulating the expression of 12 genes in the natamycin biosynthesis gene cluster. OxyR cooperates with SgnR, another cluster-situated regulator and an upstream regulatory factor of SgnM, synergistically modulated natamycin biosynthesis by masking/unmasking the -35 region of p sgnM depending on the redox state of OxyR in response to the intracellular H2O2 concentration. IMPORTANCE Cholesterol oxidase SgnE is an indispensable factor, with an unclear mechanism, for natamycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces. Oxidative stress has been attributed to the natamycin biosynthesis. Here, we show that SgnE catalyzes the formation of H2O2 from sterols and triggers a series of redox-dependent interactions to stimulate natamycin production in S. gilvosporeus. OxyR, which cooperates with SgnR, acted as a redox-dependent switch to turn on/off gene transcription of sgnM, which encodes a cluster-situated regulator, by masking/unmasking its -35 region, to control the natamycin biosynthesis gene cluster. This work provides a novel perspective on the crosstalk between intracellular ROS homeostasis and natamycin biosynthesis. Application of these findings will improve antibiotic yields via control of the intracellular redox pressure in Streptomyces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongli Zong
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Guangxiang Cao
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Jiafang Fu
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Wenxiu Yan
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Lulu Xin
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Zhongxue Wang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji’nan, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Rongzhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology of Ministry of Education & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Xiao Z, Zhao Q, Li W, Gao L, Liu G. Strain improvement of Trichoderma harzianum for enhanced biocontrol capacity: Strategies and prospects. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1146210. [PMID: 37125207 PMCID: PMC10134904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1146210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In the control of plant diseases, biocontrol has the advantages of being efficient and safe for human health and the environment. The filamentous fungus Trichoderma harzianum and its closely related species can inhibit the growth of many phytopathogenic fungi, and have been developed as commercial biocontrol agents for decades. In this review, we summarize studies on T. harzianum species complex from the perspective of strain improvement. To elevate the biocontrol ability, the production of extracellular proteins and compounds with antimicrobial or plant immunity-eliciting activities need to be enhanced. In addition, resistance to various environmental stressors should be strengthened. Engineering the gene regulatory system has the potential to modulate a variety of biological processes related to biocontrol. With the rapidly developing technologies for fungal genetic engineering, T. harzianum strains with increased biocontrol activities are expected to be constructed to promote the sustainable development of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinqin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Li
- Shanghai Tobacco Group Beijing Cigarette Factory Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Gao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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3
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Industrially Important Genes from Trichoderma. Fungal Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-91650-3_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sarven M, Hao Q, Deng J, Yang F, Wang G, Xiao Y, Xiao X. Biological Control of Tomato Gray Mold Caused by Botrytis Cinerea with the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium Anisopliae. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9030213. [PMID: 32183055 PMCID: PMC7157576 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea is a devastating disease that leads to serious financial loss. In this study, the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae that acts against the gray mold pathogen B. cinerea was evaluated. M. anisopliae produced a significant inhibition zone in front of the B. cinerea colony in the dual culture test. In addition, volatile organic compounds generated by M. anisopliae were shown to have an inhibitory effect on B. cinerea mycelia growth and reduced 41% of gray mold severity of postharvest tomatoes. The 10% concentration of the culture filtrate of M. anisopliae inhibited 88.62% of colony radial growth as well as 63.85% of sclerotia germination and all conidia germination of B. cinerea. Furthermore, the culture filtrate of M. anisopliae retained its inhibitory effect against the radial growth of B. cinerea even after heating for 15 min at 100 °C. Feasible mechanisms of M. anisopliae involved in the control of B. cinerea were explored, and it was demonstrated that the plasma membrane of B. cinerea conidia was damaged by the product of metabolism of M. anisopliae. In addition, after treating with culture filtrate of M. anisopliae, the B. cinerea phenotype was shown to be abnormal, and cell organelles of B. cinerea mycelia were damaged significantly. A significant control efficacy of M. anisopliae against tomato gray mold was detected on both the detached leaf assay (84.24%) as well as the whole plant (72.38%). In addition, a 78% reduction in tomato fruit mold was detected at a 10% treated concentration of M. anisopliae. These findings suggest that M. anisopliae possesses potential as a biocontrol agent against tomato gray mold in the greenhouse and during the postharvest stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Most.Sinthia Sarven
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (M.S.); (Q.H.); (G.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Qiuyan Hao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (M.S.); (Q.H.); (G.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Junbo Deng
- Jingmen (China Valley) Academy of Agricultural Science, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China; (J.D.); (F.Y.)
| | - Fang Yang
- Jingmen (China Valley) Academy of Agricultural Science, Jingmen 448000, Hubei, China; (J.D.); (F.Y.)
| | - Gaofeng Wang
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (M.S.); (Q.H.); (G.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yannong Xiao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (M.S.); (Q.H.); (G.W.); (Y.X.)
| | - Xueqiong Xiao
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China; (M.S.); (Q.H.); (G.W.); (Y.X.)
- Correspondence:
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Liu D, Yan R, Fu Y, Wang X, Zhang J, Xiang W. Antifungal, Plant Growth-Promoting, and Genomic Properties of an Endophytic Actinobacterium Streptomyces sp. NEAU-S7GS2. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2077. [PMID: 31551997 PMCID: PMC6746918 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum have caused severe losses of many economically important crops worldwide. Due to the long-term persistence of sclerotia in soil and the production of air-borne ascospores, synthetic fungicides play limited roles in controlling the diseases. The application of antagonistic microorganisms can effectively reduce the number of sclerotia and eventually eradicate S. sclerotiorum from soil, and therefore considerable interest has been focused on biological control. Streptomyces sp. NEAU-S7GS2 was isolated from the root of Glycine max and its rhizosphere soil. It showed significant inhibitory activity against the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum (99.1%) and completely inhibited sclerotia germination. Compared to the control, in the pot experiment the application of NEAU-S7GS2 not only demonstrated excellent potential to control sclerotinia stem rot of soybean with 77 and 38% decrease in disease incidence and disease index, respectively, but could promote the growth of soybean. The light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy showed that co-culture of NEAU-S7GS2 with S. sclerotiorum on potato dextrose agar could lead to contorted and fragmented mycelia of S. sclerotiorum, which was associated with the secretion of hydrolytic glucanase and cellulase and the production of active secondary metabolites by NEAU-S7GS2. The plant growth promoting activity of NEAU-S7GS2 was related to the solubilization of inorganic phosphate, and production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase and indole acetic acid (IAA). To further explore the plant growth promoting and antifungal mechanisms, the complete genome of strain NEAU-S7GS2 was sequenced. Several genes associated with ammonia assimilation, phosphate solubilization and IAA synthesis, together with genes encoding ACC deaminase, glucanase and α-amylase, were identified. AntiSMASH analysis led to the identification of four gene clusters responsible for the biosynthesis of siderophores including desferrioxamine B and enterobactin. Moreover, the biosynthetic gene clusters of lydicamycins, phenazines, and a glycosylated polyol macrolide showing 88% gene similarity to PM100117/PM100118 were identified. These results suggested that strain NEAU-S7GS2 may be a potential biocontrol agent and biofertilizer used in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongli Liu
- Heilongjiang Provinical Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Heilongjiang Provinical Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yansong Fu
- Heilongjiang Provinical Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Heilongjiang Provinical Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Heilongjiang Provinical Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Heilongjiang Provinical Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.,State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ni M, Wu Q, Wang HL, Liu WC, Hu B, Zhang DP, Zhao J, Liu DW, Lu CG. Identification of a novel strain, Streptomyces blastmyceticus JZB130180, and evaluation of its biocontrol efficacy against Monilinia fructicola. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2019; 20:84-94. [PMID: 30614232 PMCID: PMC6331331 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1700609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Peach brown rot, caused by Monilinia fructicola, is one of the most serious peach diseases. A strain belonging to the Actinomycetales, named Streptomyces blastmyceticus JZB130180, was found to have a strong inhibitory effect on M. fructicola in confrontation culture. Following the inoculation of peaches in vitro, it was revealed that the fermentation broth of S. blastmyceticus JZB130180 had a significant inhibitory effect on disease development by M. fructicola. The fermentation broth of S. blastmyceticus JZB130180 had an EC50 (concentration for 50% of maximal effect) of 38.3 µg/mL against M. fructicola, as determined in an indoor toxicity test. Analysis of the physicochemical properties of the fermentation broth revealed that it was tolerant of acid and alkaline conditions, temperature, and ultraviolet radiation. In addition, chitinase, cellulase, and protease were also found to be secreted by the strain. The results of this study suggest that S. blastmyceticus JZB130180 may be used for the biocontrol of peach brown rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ni
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Hong-li Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wei-cheng Liu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Beijing Plant Protection Station, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dian-peng Zhang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - De-wen Liu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Cai-ge Lu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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The Endochitinase of Clonostachysrosea Expression in Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Enhances the Botrytis cinerea Resistance of Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19082221. [PMID: 30061502 PMCID: PMC6121428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate whether the ech42 gene in Clonostachysrosea can improve the biocontrol efficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and its molecular mechanism. Compared to the wild type, the B. amyloliquefaciens transformed with the ech42 gene exhibited higher chitinase activity. The B. amyloliquefaciens-ech42 also showed significantly higher biocontrol efficiency compared to Botrytiscinerea when tomato plants were pre-treated with B. amyloliquefaciens-ech42. No significant difference in biocontrol efficiency was observed between the wild type and B.amyloliquefaciens-ech42 when tomato plants were first infected by Botrytiscinerea. In addition, the activity of the defense-related enzyme polyphenol oxidase, but not superoxide dismutase, was significantly higher in B. amyloliquefaciens-ech42 than in the wild type. The ech42 enhances the biocontrol efficiency of B.amyloliquefaciens by increasing the capacity of preventative/curative effects in plants, rather than by killing the pathogens.
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Jia N, Ding MZ, Luo H, Gao F, Yuan YJ. Complete genome sequencing and antibiotics biosynthesis pathways analysis of Streptomyces lydicus 103. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44786. [PMID: 28317865 PMCID: PMC5357945 DOI: 10.1038/srep44786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more new natural products have been found in Streptomyces species, which become the significant resource for antibiotics production. Among them, Streptomyces lydicus has been known as its ability of streptolydigin biosynthesis. Herein, we present the genome analysis of S. lydicus based on the complete genome sequencing. The circular chromosome of S. lydicus 103 comprises 8,201,357 base pairs with average GC content 72.22%. With the aid of KEGG analysis, we found that S. lydicus 103 can transfer propanoate to succinate, glutamine or glutamate to 2-oxoglutarate, CO2 and L-glutamate to ammonia, which are conducive to the the supply of amino acids. S. lydicus 103 encodes acyl-CoA thioesterase II that takes part in biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and harbors the complete biosynthesis pathways of lysine, valine, leucine, phenylalanine, tyrosine and isoleucine. Furthermore, a total of 27 putative gene clusters have been predicted to be involved in secondary metabolism, including biosynthesis of streptolydigin, erythromycin, mannopeptimycin, ectoine and desferrioxamine B. Comparative genome analysis of S. lydicus 103 will help us deeply understand its metabolic pathways, which is essential for enhancing the antibiotic production through metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Zhu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Hao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,Department of Physics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Jin Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.,SynBio Research Platform, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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Omics for understanding synergistic action of validamycin A and Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 against maize sheath blight pathogen. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40140. [PMID: 28057927 PMCID: PMC5216365 DOI: 10.1038/srep40140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sheath blight, causes by Rhizoctonia spp., threaten maize yield every year throughout the world. Trichoderma could degrade Rhizoctonia solani on maize mainly via competition and hyperparasitism, whereas validamycin A could efficiently inhibit the growth of R. solani via disturbing the energy system. By contrast, validamycin A is efficient but it takes effect in a short period, while Trichoderma takes effect in a long period though time-consuming. To overcome the disadvantages, Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 was used together with validamycin A. In vitro tests proved that the combined pathogen-inhibiting efficiency was significantly improved. Furthermore, results based on transcriptome and metabolome showed that validamycin A had no significant effects on growth, basic metabolism and main bio-control mechanisms of T. asperellum GDFS1009. Such few impacts may be attributed to detoxification and tolerance mechanism of T. asperellum GDFS1009. In addition, T. asperellum GDFS1009 has an ability to relieve the stress caused by validaymicn A. Meanwhile, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) results showed that only minor degradation (20%) of validamycin A was caused by T. asperellum GDFS1009 during cofermentation. All results together provide solid bases for validamycin A synergy with T. asperellum GDFS1009 in their combined biocontrol application.
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Heterologous coexpression of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin and Bacillus megaterium glucanase in Streptomyces lydicus A02 enhanced its production of antifungal metabolites. Enzyme Microb Technol 2015; 81:80-7. [PMID: 26453475 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Streptomyces lydicus A02 is a novel producer of commercially important polyene macrocyclic antibiotic natamycin and a potential biocontrol agent to several plant fungal diseases, including wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. spp. To improve the natamycin production and the antifungal activity of S. lydicus A02, we coexpressed gene vgb encoding Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) and bglC encoding Bacillus megaterium L103 glucanase, both under the control of the strong constitutive ermE* promoter, in S. lydicus A02. Our results showed that coexpressing VHb and glucanase improved cell growth, and the engineered strain produced 26.90% more biomass than the wild-type strain after 72h fermentation in YSG medium. In addition, coexpressing genes encoding VHb and glucanase led to increased natamycin production, higher endogenous chitinase activity and exogenous glucanase activity, as well as enhanced antifungal activity in the engineered S. lydicus AVG02 and AGV02, regardless of the position of the two genes on the plasmids. Compared with model strains, few reports have successfully coexpressed VHb and other foreign proteins in industrial strains. Our results illustrated an effective approach for improving antifungal activity in an industrial strain by the rational engineering of combined favorable factors.
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