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Miyazaki N, Iwasaki T, Sakai H, Watanuki R, Tanizawa Y, Cai Z, Kawaguchi T, Tsurutani J, Nagashima K. Risk factors for recurrence in patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative early breast cancer in Japan: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Curr Med Res Opin 2024; 40:827-837. [PMID: 38597173 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2024.2332436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinicopathological factors indicating risk of recurrence are used to guide the choice of perioperative therapy in patients with breast cancer. Although several risk factors for recurrence have been reported in patients with hormone receptor-positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) early breast cancer in Japan, there has been no systematic review quantifying potential risk factors. METHODS We performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis using the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Japan Medical Abstract Society databases to identify risk factors for recurrence in HR+/HER2- early breast cancer in Japan. The primary outcome was relapse-free or disease-free survival (RFS/DFS), and the secondary outcomes were overall survival and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). RESULTS Searches identified 42 eligible publications. Meta-analyses identified lymph node metastasis (hazard ratio: 2.76 [95% confidence interval: 1.97-3.88]), large tumor size (1.67 [1.24-2.23]), high histological grade (1.50 [1.04-2.16]), and high nuclear grade (2.02 [1.61-2.54]) as risk factors for RFS/DFS. Lymph node metastasis (2.43 [1.28-4.63]), large tumor size (1.80 [1.24-2.62]), and high histological grade (2.02 [1.44-2.84]) were also risk factors for overall survival, and high progesterone status was a possible favorable prognostic factor for BCSS (0.20 [0.10-0.42]). CONCLUSIONS Identified risk factors were consistent with the previous reports, and this study provides quantitative summary of risk factors for HR+/HER2- early breast cancer recurrence in Japan. (PROSPERO Registration ID, CRD42022338391.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Miyazaki
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Iwasaki
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Sakai
- Advanced Cancer Translational Research Institute, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rurina Watanuki
- Department of Breast Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Tanizawa
- Japan Drug Development and Medical Affairs, Eli Lilly Japan, Kobe, Japan
| | - Zhihong Cai
- Japan Drug Development and Medical Affairs, Eli Lilly Japan, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kawaguchi
- Japan Drug Development and Medical Affairs, Eli Lilly Japan, Kobe, Japan
| | - Junji Tsurutani
- Advanced Cancer Translational Research Institute, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Nagashima
- Biostatistics Unit, Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Łopuszyński W, Brzana A, Szczubiał M, Bulak K, Śmiech A. Topoisomerase IIα immunoexpression in feline mammary carcinomas: A correlation with Ki67 immunoexpression and the mitotic count. Res Vet Sci 2023; 164:104992. [PMID: 37657395 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2023.104992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of topoisomerase IIα protein (Topo IIα) with Ki67 expression and mitotic count in feline mammary carcinomas (FMCs). Topo IIα is considered as a proliferation indicator as well as a molecular target of anthracycline chemotherapy. The studied material included 70 FMCs from female cats treated with mastectomy. Primary mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against Topo IIα and Ki67 were used in immunohistochemical reactions. The number of mitotic figures was counted at 400× magnification in a field of 2.37 mm2. Immunohistochemical reaction for Topo IIα occurred in cell nuclei. The Topo IIα index ranged from 6.12% to 54.60% and was positively correlated with the values of the Ki67 index (r = 0.7193) and the mitotic count (r = 0. 2858). This indicates the potential possibility of use of the immunohistochemical expression of Topo IIα to assess the rate of proliferation in FMCs. The wide range of expression of Topo IIα in individual tumorus found in the conducted studies allows us to hypothesize that its assessment could be used as a predictive marker in chemotherapy of FMCs with the use of anthracyclines. However, this requires confirmation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łopuszyński
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adam Brzana
- Regional Veterinary Inspectorate in Opole, Regional Veterinary Laboratory, Opole, Poland
| | - Marek Szczubiał
- Department and Clinic of Animal Reproduction, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamila Bulak
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Śmiech
- Department of Pathomorphology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, Lublin, Poland
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3
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Finkelman BS, Zhang H, Hicks DG, Turner BM. The Evolution of Ki-67 and Breast Carcinoma: Past Observations, Present Directions, and Future Considerations. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030808. [PMID: 36765765 PMCID: PMC9913317 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The 1983 discovery of a mouse monoclonal antibody-the Ki-67 antibody-that recognized a nuclear antigen present only in proliferating cells represented a seminal discovery for the pathologic assessment of cellular proliferation in breast cancer and other solid tumors. Cellular proliferation is a central determinant of prognosis and response to cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer, and since the discovery of the Ki-67 antibody, Ki-67 has evolved as an important biomarker with both prognostic and predictive potential in breast cancer. Although there is universal recognition among the international guideline recommendations of the value of Ki-67 in breast cancer, recommendations for the actual use of Ki-67 assays in the prognostic and predictive evaluation of breast cancer remain mixed, primarily due to the lack of assay standardization and inconsistent inter-observer and inter-laboratory reproducibility. The treatment of high-risk ER-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) negative breast cancer with the recently FDA-approved drug abemaciclib relies on a quantitative assessment of Ki-67 expression in the treatment decision algorithm. This further reinforces the urgent need for standardization of Ki-67 antibody selection and staining interpretation, which will hopefully lead to multidisciplinary consensus on the use of Ki-67 as a prognostic and predictive marker in breast cancer. The goals of this review are to highlight the historical evolution of Ki-67 in breast cancer, summarize the present literature on Ki-67 in breast cancer, and discuss the evolving literature on the use of Ki-67 as a companion diagnostic biomarker in breast cancer, with consideration for the necessary changes required across pathology practices to help increase the reliability and widespread adoption of Ki-67 as a prognostic and predictive marker for breast cancer in clinical practice.
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4
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Exploring Potential Biomarkers, Ferroptosis Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Targets Associated with Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Integrated Transcriptomic Analysis. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:3524022. [PMID: 36247089 PMCID: PMC9553755 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3524022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the leading cause of death in patients with nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC). However, the unclear pathogenesis of cSCC limits the application of molecular targeted therapy. Methods Three microarray datasets (GSE2503, GSE45164, and GSE66359) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). After identifying the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in tumor and nontumor tissues, five kinds of analyses, namely, functional annotation, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, hub gene selection, TF-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network analysis, and ferroptosis mechanism, were performed. Results A total of 146 DEGs were identified with significant differences, including 113 upregulated genes and 33 downregulated genes. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included microtubule-based movement, ATP binding, cell cycle, P53 signaling pathway, oocyte meiosis, and PLK1 signaling events. Nine hub genes were identified (CDK1, AURKA, RRM2, CENPE, CCNB1, KIAA0101, ZWINT, TOP2A, and ASPM). Finally, RRM2, AURKA, and SAT1 were identified as significant ferroptosis-related genes in cSCC. The differential expression of these genes has been verified in two other independent datasets. Conclusions By integrated bioinformatic analysis, the hub genes identified in this study elucidated the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis and progression of cSCC and are expected to become future biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
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5
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Honda C, Kurozumi S, Katayama A, Hanna-Khalil B, Masuda K, Nakazawa Y, Ogino M, Obayashi S, Yajima R, Makiguchi T, Oyama T, Horiguchi J, Shirabe K, Fujii T. Prognostic value of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in estrogen receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:252. [PMID: 34671471 PMCID: PMC8521382 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are a significant prognostic factor in triple-negative breast cancer. However, the clinicopathological significance of TILs in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the role of TILs in the prognosis of ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. A total of 65 consecutive patients with ER-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer were examined. TILs in stromal tissue (str-TILs) were graded using the International TILs Working Group criteria. The association between several clinicopathological factors and TIL grade were investigated, and the prognostic impact of TILs was compared between luminal A-like and luminal B-like breast cancer. A total of 51 patients (78.5%) had low-grade (0-10%), 11 (16.9%) had intermediate (10-40%) and 3 (4.6%) had high-grade (40-90%) str-TIL levels. There was a significant association between high levels of Ki67 expression and a high str-TIL count. Relapse-free survival was significantly worse in patients with luminal B-like cancer compared with that in patients with luminal A-like cancer. Patients with an intermediate or high str-TIL count had a better prognosis compared with those with a low str-TIL count. All patients with luminal B-like cancer and intermediate or high str-TIL levels developed no recurrence during follow-up. In conclusion, there was a significant correlation between high-grade str-TIL levels and high tumor cell proliferation rate, as well as high levels of Ki67 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Honda
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8520, Japan
| | - Ayaka Katayama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Bishoy Hanna-Khalil
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Kei Masuda
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yuko Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Misato Ogino
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sayaka Obayashi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Reina Yajima
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takaya Makiguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Plastic Surgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Jun Horiguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8520, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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6
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Matias-Barrios VM, Radaeva M, Ho CH, Lee J, Adomat H, Lallous N, Cherkasov A, Dong X. Optimization of New Catalytic Topoisomerase II Inhibitors as an Anti-Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153675. [PMID: 34359577 PMCID: PMC8345109 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary DNA topoisomerase II (TOP2) is a drug target for many types of cancers. However, clinically used TOP2 inhibitors not only kill cancer cells, but also damage normal cells, and can even give rise to other types of cancers. To discover new TOP2 inhibitors to more effectively treat cancer patients, we have applied computer-aided drug design technology to develop several TOP2 inhibitors that can strongly inhibit cancer cell growth but exert low side effects. Results of one exemplary compound are presented in this study. It shows several promising drug-like properties that can be potentially developed into anticancer drugs. Abstract Clinically used topoisomerase II (TOP2) inhibitors are poison inhibitors that induce DNA damage to cause cancer cell death. However, they can also destroy benign cells and thereby show serious side effects, including cardiotoxicity and drug-induced secondary malignancy. New TOP2 inhibitors with a different mechanism of action (MOA), such as catalytic TOP2 inhibitors, are needed to more effectively control tumor growth. We have applied computer-aided drug design to develop a new group of small molecule inhibitors that are derivatives of our previously identified lead compound T60. Particularly, the compound T638 has shown improved solubility and microsomal stability. It is a catalytic TOP2 inhibitor that potently suppresses TOP2 activity. T638 has a novel MOA by which it binds TOP2 proteins and blocks TOP2–DNA interaction. T638 strongly inhibits cancer cell growth, but exhibits limited genotoxicity to cells. These results indicate that T638 is a promising drug candidate that warrants further development into clinically used anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Xuesen Dong
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(604)-875-4111; Fax: +1-(604)-875-5654
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Zhong W, Yang Y, Zhang A, Lin W, Liang G, Ling Y, Zhong J, Yong J, Liu Z, Tian Z, Lin Q, Luo Q, Li Y, Gong C. Prognostic and predictive value of the combination of TOP2A and HER2 in node-negative tumors 2 cm or smaller (T1N0) breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2020; 27:1147-1157. [PMID: 32780321 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01142-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aim to evaluate the prognostic and predictive value of TOP2A and HER2 expression in T1N0 breast cancer patients. METHODS 299 cases with T1N0 breast cancer were obtained from the Oncomine database (Cohort 1) and 963 of T1N0 breast cancer patients from Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital (Cohort 2) were retrospectively enrolled. Kaplan-Meier product was applied to estimate survival curve. Cox proportional hazard models was used to identify prognostic factors. We used PSM (propensity score matching) to balance clinicopathologic characteristics among four groups of different HER2/TOP2A status. Survival between groups and chemotherapy regimens were analyzed, before and after PSM. RESULTS In Cohort 1, we found that the group with HER2+ and higher expression of TOP2A mRNA was associated with poor breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) compared to the group of HER2- with lower expression of TOP2A mRNA. In Cohort 2, HER2+ patients with higher TOP2A protein expression had greater risk of recurrence and distant recurrence compared to HER2- patients with lower expression of TOP2A protein. Among the patients who developed both HER2+ and higher expression of TOP2A protein and received chemotherapy, patients who received an anthracycline-based regimen had a significantly better recurrence-free survival (RFS) than those with a non-anthracycline-based regime. CONCLUSION Patients with both HER2+ and high expression level of TOP2A protein predicts poor prognosis in T1N0 breast cancer patients. Patients with double positive for TOP2A protein and HER2 may benefit from anthracycline-based regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Ailing Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Dongguan City People's Hospital, Dongguan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanyi Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Gehao Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Ling
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajie Zhong
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Yong
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenluan Tian
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, People's Republic of China.
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Li J, Yuan M, Yang L, Guo L. Correlation of contrast-enhanced ultrasound features with prognostic factors in invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast. Jpn J Radiol 2020; 38:960-967. [PMID: 32500174 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-020-00994-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To correlate contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features with pathological prognostic factors of breast invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs). METHODS 169 patients who were admitted to our hospital with confirmed IDCs diagnosed between August 2017 and June 2019 were selected. CEUS indicators included the time of contrast agent entered the lesion, the degree of enhancement, the boundary of the lesion, whether there was perfusion defect and nourishing blood vessels, and etc. These parameters correlated with traditional prognostic factors (tumour size, histological grade, axillary lymph node status) and immunohistochemical biomarkers (ER, PR, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, and TOPO-II). RESULTS Perfusion defects after enhancement were predictive factors of PR negative expression (r = - 0.318, OR = 0.239) and TOPO-II overexpression (r = 0.284, OR = 3.577). Centripetal enhancement was negatively correlated with ER expression (r = - 0.350, OR = 0.246). The lesions with a larger range after enhancement than the conventional ultrasound had a higher histological grade (r = 0.215). Perfusion defects were positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (r = 0.221) and negatively correlated with the expression of ER and PR (r = - 0.342, r = - 0.318). CONCLUSIONS Contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of IDCs have a certain correlation with pathological prognostic factors, which is conducive in assessing the prognosis of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Ultrasonics, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10, Qingyunnan Street, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengxia Yuan
- Department of Ultrasonics, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10, Qingyunnan Street, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Ultrasonics, Chengdu Second People's Hospital, No. 10, Qingyunnan Street, Jinjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Liping Guo
- Department of Ultrasonics, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Nakazawa Y, Nakazawa S, Kurozumi S, Ogino M, Koibuchi Y, Odawara H, Oyama T, Horiguchi J, Fujii T, Shirabe K. The pathological complete response and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine expression in patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:2705-2712. [PMID: 32218821 PMCID: PMC7068243 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that can accurately predict treatment response are required for indicating optimal neoadjuvant treatments. The current study assessed the predictive value of secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) mRNA expression for the response to neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel (nab-PTX) therapy in patients with breast cancer. It was hypothesized that SPARC expression can affect the response to albumin-bound taxanes, including nab-PTX since SPARC binds albumin with a high affinity. Pre-therapeutic specimens of core needle biopsies were analyzed from 50 patients in a phase II trial of neoadjuvant nab-PTX and the factors that were associated with a pathological complete response (pCR) were assessed. The pre-therapeutic tumor mRNA levels of chemotherapy-related proteins were quantified, including SPARC, and the correlations with post-therapeutic clinicopathological factors were assessed, including with pCR. The results demonstrated that pre-therapeutic SPARC mRNA expression was significantly higher in non-pCR patients compared with patients with pCR (92.37±55.33 vs. 56.53±30.19; P=0.027). A cutoff point of 48.5 was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis (sensitivity, 83.3%; specificity, 50.0%), and patients were classified into low and high SPARC expression groups. High SPARC expression was associated with histological grade (P=0.035), estrogen receptor expression (P=0.037), and progesterone receptor expression (P=0.002) but not with HER2 (P=0.895), and Ki-67 LI (P=0.743) expression. The results of the current study indicated that a high SPARC mRNA expression was a negative predictor of pCR following neoadjuvant nab-PTX therapy regardless of breast cancer subtype. The phase II study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center (Registration nos. H23-9 and H23-33).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan.,Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Seshiru Nakazawa
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Sasagu Kurozumi
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Misato Ogino
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.,Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Yukio Koibuchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Hiroki Odawara
- Department of Surgery, Toho Hospital, Midori, Gunma 376-0121, Japan
| | - Tetsunari Oyama
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Jun Horiguchi
- Department of Breast Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-8686, Japan
| | - Takaaki Fujii
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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10
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Wang K, Chen R, Feng Z, Zhu YM, Sun XX, Huang W, Chen ZN. Identification of differentially expressed genes in non-small cell lung cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:11170-11185. [PMID: 31816603 PMCID: PMC6932904 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the most common malignant tumor and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Because current treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the most prevalent lung cancer histological subtype, show limited efficacy, screening for tumor-associated biomarkers using bioinformatics reflects the hope to improve early diagnosis and prognosis assessment. In our study, a Gene Expression Omnibus dataset was analyzed to identify genes with prognostic significance in NSCLC. Upon comparison with matched normal tissues, 118 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in NSCLC, and their functions were explored through bioinformatics analyses. The most significantly upregulated DEGs were TOP2A, SLC2A1, TPX2, and ASPM, all of which were significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS). Further analysis revealed that TOP2A had prognostic significance in early-stage lung cancer patients, and its expression correlated with levels of immune cell infiltration, especially dendritic cells (DCs). Our study provides a dataset of potentially prognostic NSCLC biomarkers, and highlights TOP2A as a valuable survival biomarker to improve prediction of prognosis in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Ruo Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhuan Feng
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Yu-Meng Zhu
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Xiu-Xuan Sun
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Wan Huang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine and Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Shaanxi 710032, China
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11
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Chen J, Chen Y, Zheng D, Pang P, Lu J, Zheng X. Pretreatment MR-Based Radiomics Signature as Potential Imaging Biomarker for Assessing the Expression of Topoisomerase II alpha (TOPO-IIα) in Rectal Cancer. J Magn Reson Imaging 2019; 51:1881-1889. [PMID: 31675149 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.26972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal cancer (RC) is one of the most common cancers throughout the world. Chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy play an important role in the treatment of advanced RC. Whether to add topoisomerase inhibitor to individualized chemotherapy is a puzzling question for clinicians. PURPOSE To investigate whether pretreatment MR-based radiomics signature can assess the expression of topoisomerase II alpha (TOPO-IIα) in RC. STUDY TYPE Retrospective. POPULATION In all, 122 patients with RC. Field Strength/Sequence: Pretreatment 3.0T; T2 WI turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence. ASSESSMENT A training group (n = 85) and a test group (n = 37) with pathologically confirmed RC. Patients underwent TOPO-IIα expression. A total of 180 radiomics features were extracted from oblique axial T2 WI TSE images of the entire primary tumor. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model was used to reduce the dimension of the data and select the features. STATISTICAL TESTS The assessment models were established by multivariable logistic regression analysis. The performance of the model was assessed by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, nomogram, and calibration. RESULTS The radiomics signature, which consisted of 10 selected optimal features, was significantly associated with TOPO-IIα expression (P < 0.01 for both training and test groups). The area under the curve (AUC), the sensitivity, and the specificity for assessing TOPO-IIα expression, were 0.859, 0.872, and 0.739, respectively, in the training group, while they were 0.762, 0.941, and 0.600 in the test group. The nomogram model of the radiomics signature (Rad-score) had good calibration. Calibration curves were plotted to assess the calibration of the radiomics nomogram that was accompanied with the Hosmer-Lemeshow test (P = 0.52). DATA CONCLUSION The proposed pretreatment MR-based radiomics signature was associated with TOPO-IIα expression. A radiomics nomogram might be helpful in the individualized assessment of TOPO-IIα expression in patients with RC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2 Technical Efficacy: Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:1881-1889.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayou Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Dechun Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | | | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital & Fujian Medical University Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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12
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Shahzad MA, Ishtiaq R, Zahid U, Anwer F. Successful recovery and allogeneic stem cell transplant following chemotherapy-induced severe cardiomyopathy: literature review of management and prognostic factors. BMJ Case Rep 2016; 2016:bcr-2016-217210. [PMID: 27852680 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-217210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy is one of the major possible hazards that can result from potential cardiotoxic agents while treating cancer. Prognostic risk factors include the rate of drug administration, history of hypertension, female gender, extremes of age, previous history of mediastinal irradiation, cumulative dose and pre-existing heart disease. Close monitoring of the patients, timely diagnosis, use of well-known biomarkers including cardiac troponins, NT-ProBNP and imaging studies like 2D Echo or cardiac MRI are essential. Emerging biomarkers include carbonyl reductases (CBR1 and CBR3), aldo-keto reductases (AKR, type 1A1, 1C3, 7A2) and topoisomerase2β (Top2β). β blockers and ACE inhibitors have not only been shown to slow down the progression of cardiac dysfunction but also produce symptomatic improvement. Our case report describes a patient with acute myeloblastic leukaemia who developed severe cardiomyopathy acutely after starting the anthracycline-based regimen. Nevertheless, with timely intervention her symptoms improved and subsequently she successfully received allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Shahzad
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Arizona Medical Center-University Campus, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Rizwan Ishtiaq
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Arizona Medical Center-University Campus, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Umar Zahid
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Arizona Medical Center-University Campus, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Faiz Anwer
- Department of Hematology Oncology, University of Arizona Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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Valcovici M, Andrica F, Serban C, Dragan S. Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline therapy: current perspectives. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:428-35. [PMID: 27186191 PMCID: PMC4848373 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.59270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines, especially doxorubicin and daunorubicin, are the drugs of first choice in the treatment of patients with hematologic malignancies, soft-tissue sarcomas, and solid tumors. Unfortunately, the use of anthracyclines is limited by their dose-dependent and cumulative cardiotoxicity. The molecular mechanism responsible for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity remains poorly understood, although experimental and clinical studies have shown that oxidative stress plays the main role. Hence, antioxidant agents, especially dexrazoxane, and also other drug classes (statins, β-blockers) proved to have a beneficial effect in protecting against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. According to previous clinical trials, the major high-risk factors for anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity are age, body weight, female gender, radiotherapy, and other diseases such as Down syndrome, familial dilated cardiomyopathy, diabetes and hypertension. Consequently, further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity and also to discover new cardioprotective agents against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Valcovici
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Florina Andrica
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania; Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Corina Serban
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania; Department of Functional Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Dragan
- Cardiology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania; Center for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes", Timisoara, Romania
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14
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MA MING, ZHAO LIANMEI, SUN GUOGUI, ZHANG CHAO, LIU LIHUA, DU YANYAN, YANG XINGXIAO, SHAN BAOEN. Mda-7/IL-24 enhances sensitivity of B cell lymphoma to chemotherapy drugs. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3122-30. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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15
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Ghanbari S, Ayatollahi SMT, Zare N. Comparing Role of Two Chemotherapy Regimens, CMF and Anthracycline-Based, on Breast Cancer Survival in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and Asia by Multivariate Mixed Effects Models: a Meta-Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:5655-61. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.14.5655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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16
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Thompson MD, Grubbs CJ, Bode AM, Reid JM, McGovern R, Bernard PS, Stijleman IJ, Green JE, Bennett C, Juliana MM, Moeinpour F, Steele VE, Lubet RA. Lack of effect of metformin on mammary carcinogenesis in nondiabetic rat and mouse models. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2015; 8:231-9. [PMID: 25681088 PMCID: PMC4355096 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0181-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have shown that diabetics receiving the biguanide metformin, as compared with sulfonylureas or insulin, have a lower incidence of breast cancer. Metformin increases levels of activated AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) and decreases circulating IGF-1; encouraging its potential use in both cancer prevention and therapeutic settings. In anticipation of clinical trials in nondiabetic women, the efficacy of metformin in nondiabetic rat and mouse mammary cancer models was evaluated. Metformin was administered by gavage or in the diet, at a human equivalent dose, in standard mammary cancer models: (i) methylnitrosourea (MNU)-induced estrogen receptor-positive (ER(+)) mammary cancers in rats, and (ii) MMTV-Neu/p53KO ER(-) (estrogen receptor-negative) mammary cancers in mice. In the MNU rat model, metformin dosing (150 or 50 mg/kg BW/d, by gavage) was ineffective in decreasing mammary cancer multiplicity, latency, or weight. Pharmacokinetic studies of metformin (150 mg/kg BW/d, by gavage) yielded plasma levels (Cmax and AUC) higher than humans taking 1.5 g/d. In rats bearing small palpable mammary cancers, short-term metformin (150 mg/kg BW/d) treatment increased levels of phospho-AMPK and phospho-p53 (Ser20), but failed to reduce Ki67 labeling or expression of proliferation-related genes. In the mouse model, dietary metformin (1,500 mg/kg diet) did not alter final cancer incidence, multiplicity, or weight. Metformin did not prevent mammary carcinogenesis in two mammary cancer models, raising questions about metformin efficacy in breast cancer in nondiabetic populations.
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MESH Headings
- Alkylating Agents/toxicity
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/chemically induced
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Metformin/pharmacokinetics
- Metformin/pharmacology
- Methylnitrosourea/toxicity
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, SCID
- Mice, Transgenic
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tissue Distribution
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ann M. Bode
- Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912
| | | | | | | | | | - Jeffery E. Green
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD 20892
| | - Christina Bennett
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD 20892
| | | | | | - Vernon E. Steele
- CARDG, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD 20892
| | - Ronald A. Lubet
- CARDG, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda MD 20892
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17
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Abstract
In view of the trend towards personalized treatment strategies for (cancer) patients, there is an increasing need to noninvasively determine individual patient characteristics. Such information enables physicians to administer to patients accurate therapy with appropriate timing. For the noninvasive visualization of disease-related features, imaging biomarkers are expected to play a crucial role. Next to the chemical development of imaging probes, this requires preclinical studies in animal tumour models. These studies provide proof-of-concept of imaging biomarkers and help determine the pharmacokinetics and target specificity of relevant imaging probes, features that provide the fundamentals for translation to the clinic. In this review we describe biological processes derived from the “hallmarks of cancer” that may serve as imaging biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic and treatment response monitoring that are currently being studied in the preclinical setting. A number of these biomarkers are also being used for the initial preclinical assessment of new intervention strategies. Uniquely, noninvasive imaging approaches allow longitudinal assessment of changes in biological processes, providing information on the safety, pharmacokinetic profiles and target specificity of new drugs, and on the antitumour effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Preclinical biomarker imaging can help guide translation to optimize clinical biomarker imaging and personalize (combination) therapies.
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18
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TOP2A amplification and overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:381602. [PMID: 25695068 PMCID: PMC4324886 DOI: 10.1155/2015/381602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide owing to limited insights into pathogenesis and unsatisfactory efficacy of current therapies. HER2 and TOP2A genes are coamplified in breast and some other cancers. In this study, we investigated gene aberrations of HER2 and TOP2A and protein expressions of HER2, TOP2A, Ki-67, and p53 in tumor and matched nontumor tissues, as well as their associations with clinicopathological features. Gene aberrations were evaluated by FISH and protein expressions by IHC. Neither HER2 overexpression nor HER2 gene amplification was observed in both tumor tissues and matched nontumor tissues. By contrast, TOP2A overexpression was detected in 72.5% of tumor tissues but not detected in matched nontumor tissues. However, TOP2A gene amplification was not observed in both tumor and matched nontumor tissues. TOP2A overexpression was significantly associated with HCC tumor tissues (P < 0.001), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum (P = 0.004), and Ki-67 (P = 0.038) but not with age, tumor size, alpha-fetoprotein, TP53, and copy number of TOP2A gene and chromosome 17 centromere. In conclusion, TOP2A overexpression in HCC was not secondary to gene amplification. In addition, neither HER2 amplification nor overexpression could be used as prognostic and predictive marker in HCC.
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19
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Prognostic Significance of the Ki67 Scoring Categories in Breast Cancer Subgroups. Clin Breast Cancer 2014; 14:323-329.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 12/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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20
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Daumar P, Zeglis BM, Ramos N, Divilov V, Sevak KK, Pillarsetty N, Lewis JS. Synthesis and evaluation of (18)F-labeled ATP competitive inhibitors of topoisomerase II as probes for imaging topoisomerase II expression. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 86:769-81. [PMID: 25240701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Type II topoisomerase (Topo-II) is an ATP-dependent enzyme that is essential in the transcription, replication, and chromosome segregation processes and, as such, represents an attractive target for cancer therapy. Numerous studies indicate that the response to treatment with Topo-II inhibitors is highly dependent on both the levels and the activity of the enzyme. Consequently, a non-invasive assay to measure tumoral Topo-II levels has the potential to differentiate responders from non-responders. With the ultimate goal of developing a radiofluorinated tracer for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, we have designed, synthesized, and evaluated a set of fluorinated compounds based on the structure of the ATP-competitive Topo-II inhibitor QAP1. Compounds 18 and 19b showed inhibition of Topo-II in in vitro assays and exhibited moderate, Topo-II level dependent cytotoxicity in SK-BR-3 and MCF-7 cell lines. Based on these results, (18)F-labeled analogs of these two compounds were synthesized and evaluated as PET probes for imaging Topo-II overexpression in mice bearing SK-BR-3 xenografts. [(18)F]-18 and [(18)F]-19b were synthesized from their corresponding protected tosylated derivatives by fluorination and subsequent deprotection. Small animal PET imaging studies indicated that both compounds do not accumulate in tumors and exhibit poor pharmacokinetics, clearing from the blood pool very rapidly and getting metabolized over. The insights gained from the current study will surely aid in the design and construction of future generations of PET agents for the non-invasive delineation of Topo-II expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Daumar
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Nicholas Ramos
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Vadim Divilov
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kuntal Kumar Sevak
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - NagaVaraKishore Pillarsetty
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology and the Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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21
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Qiao EQ, Ji M, Wu J, Li J, Xu X, Ma R, Zhang X, He Y, Zha Q, Song X, Zhu L, Tang JH. Joint detection of multiple immunohistochemical indices and clinical significance in breast cancer. Mol Clin Oncol 2013; 1:703-710. [PMID: 24649232 PMCID: PMC3915321 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2013.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women. This study was conducted to analyze the association between the expressions of eight immunohistochemical (IHC) indices and clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancers (BCs) and investigate the clinical significance. IHC Envision ldpe-g-nvp was used to detect the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p53, type II topoisomerase (TOPO II) and Ki-67 in postoperative paraffin blocks of 286 cases of invasive BC and statistically analyzed their correlations with clinicopathological characteristics. The positive rates of ER, PR, HER2, VEGF, p53, EGFR, TOPO II and Ki-67 expression were 62.24, 41.96, 57.34, 53.85, 81.82, 46.85, 54.55 and 69.93%, respectively. ER expression was negatively correlated with age, tumor size and histological grade (P<0.05) and PR expression was negatively correlated with age and histological grade (P<0.05). Among the ER, PR and c-erbB-2 statuses, a significant correlation was observed between ER expression and PR status (P=0.0000), whereas the expression of ER and PR exhibited a negative correlation with HER2 status (P<0.05). We also demonstrated a significant correlation between EGFR expression and lymph node metastasis (P=0.0240), p53 expression and tumor size (P=0.0300), p53 and Ki-67 expression and histological grade (P<0.05) and the expressions of VEGF, EGFR, p53, TOPO II, Ki-67 and HER2 status (P<0.05). In addition, the Luminal B and HER2/neu subtypes exhibited a close correlation with age (P<0.01), while the HER2/neu and triple-negative subtypes were positively correlated with poor histological grade (P<0.05). In conclusion, there is a definite correlation between IHC indices and clinicopathological characteristics in BCs. Combined detection of these indices may be significant in the evaluation of biological behavior and prognosis of BC and thus in the diagnosis and comprehensive treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- En-Qi Qiao
- Departments of General Surgery, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Minghua Ji
- Radiotherapy, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Jianzhong Wu
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Jian Li
- Departments of General Surgery, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Department of Pathology, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Rong Ma
- Research Center for Clinical Oncology, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | | | - Yuejun He
- Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Quanbin Zha
- Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China
| | - Xue Song
- Departments of General Surgery, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Liwei Zhu
- Departments of General Surgery, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
| | - Ji-Hai Tang
- Departments of General Surgery, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009
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22
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Gusev Y, Riggins RB, Bhuvaneshwar K, Gauba R, Sheahan L, Clarke R, Madhavan S. In silico discovery of mitosis regulation networks associated with early distant metastases in estrogen receptor positive breast cancers. Cancer Inform 2013; 12:31-51. [PMID: 23470717 PMCID: PMC3579429 DOI: 10.4137/cin.s10329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform comparative analysis of multiple public datasets of gene expression in order to identify common genes as potential prognostic biomarkers. Additionally, the study sought to identify biological processes and pathways that are most significantly associated with early distant metastases (<5 years) in women with estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast tumors. Datasets from three published studies were selected for in silico analysis of gene expression profiles of ER+ breast cancer, using time to distant metastasis as the clinical endpoint. A subset of 44 differently expressed genes (DEGs) was found common to all three studies and characterized by mitotic checkpoint genes and pathways that regulate mitotic spindle and chromosome dynamics. DEG promoter regions were enriched with NFY binding sites. Analysis of miRNA target sites identified significant enrichment of miR-192, miR-193B, and miR-16-1 targets. Aberrant mitotic regulation could drive increased genomic instability leading to a progression towards an early onset metastatic phenotype. The relative importance of mitotic instability may reflect the clinical utility of mitotic poisons in metastatic breast cancer, including poisons such as the taxanes, epothilones, and vinca alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Gusev
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rebecca B. Riggins
- Breast Cancer Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Krithika Bhuvaneshwar
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Robinder Gauba
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Robert Clarke
- Breast Cancer Program, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Subha Madhavan
- Innovation Center for Biomedical Informatics, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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23
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Tsuchiya T, Wang L, Yafune A, Kimura M, Ohishi T, Suzuki K, Mitsumori K, Shibutani M. Disruptive cell cycle regulation involving epigenetic downregulation of Cdkn2a (p16Ink4a) in early-stage liver tumor-promotion facilitating liver cell regeneration in rats. Toxicology 2012; 299:146-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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