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Kober P, Mossakowska BJ, Rusetska N, Baluszek S, Grecka E, Konopiński R, Matyja E, Oziębło A, Mandat T, Bujko M. Epigenetic Downregulation of Hsa-miR-193b-3p Increases Cyclin D1 Expression Level and Cell Proliferation in Human Meningiomas. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13483. [PMID: 37686289 PMCID: PMC10487813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Meningiomas are common intracranial tumors in adults. Abnormal microRNA (miRNA) expression plays a role in their pathogenesis. Change in miRNA expression level can be caused by impaired epigenetic regulation of miRNA-encoding genes. We found the genomic region covering the MIR193B gene to be DNA hypermethylated in meningiomas based on analysis of genome-wide methylation (HumanMethylation450K Illumina arrays). Hypermethylation of MIR193B was also confirmed via bisulfite pyrosequencing. Both hsa-miR-193b-3p and hsa-miR-193b-5p are downregulated in meningiomas. Lower expression of hsa-miR-193b-3p and higher MIR193B methylation was observed in World Health Organization (WHO) grade (G) II/III tumors as compared to GI meningiomas. CCND1 mRNA was identified as a target of hsa-miR-193b-3p as further validated using luciferase reporter assay in IOMM-Lee meningioma cells. IOMM-Lee cells transfected with hsa-miR-193b-3p mimic showed a decreased cyclin D1 level and lower cell viability and proliferation, confirming the suppressive nature of this miRNA. Cyclin D1 protein expression (immunoreactivity) was higher in atypical than in benign meningiomas, accordingly to observations of lower hsa-miR-193b-3p levels in GII tumors. The commonly observed hypermethylation of MIR193B in meningiomas apparently contributes to the downregulation of hsa-miR-193b-3p. Since hsa-miR-193b-3p regulates proliferation of meningioma cells through negative regulation of cyclin D1 expression, it seems to be an important tumor suppressor in meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Kober
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Joanna Mossakowska
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Rusetska
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland (R.K.)
| | - Szymon Baluszek
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Grecka
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Konopiński
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland (R.K.)
| | - Ewa Matyja
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuropathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Oziębło
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Mandat
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Bujko
- Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
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Hatami Z, Hashemi ZS, Eftekhary M, Amiri A, Karpisheh V, Nasrollahi K, Jafari R. Natural killer cell-derived exosomes for cancer immunotherapy: innovative therapeutics art. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:157. [PMID: 37543612 PMCID: PMC10403883 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02996-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor natural killer cells (CAR-NK) promote off-the-shelf cellular therapy for solid tumors and malignancy.However,, the development of CAR-NK is due to their immune surveillance uncertainty and cytotoxicity challenge was restricted. Natural killer cell-derived exosome (NK-Exo) combine crucial targeted cellular therapies of NK cell therapies with unique non-toxic Exo as a self-origin shuttle against cancer immunotherapy. This review study covers cytokines, adoptive (autologous and allogenic) NK immunotherapy, stimulatory and regulatory functions, and cell-free derivatives from NK cells. The future path of NK-Exo cytotoxicity and anti-tumor activity with considering non-caspase-independent/dependent apoptosis and Fas/FasL pathway in cancer immunotherapy. Finally, the significance and implication of NK-Exo therapeutics through combination therapy and the development of emerging approaches for the purification and delivery NK-Exo to severe immune and tumor cells and tissues were discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hatami
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Sadat Hashemi
- ATMP Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamad Eftekhary
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ala Amiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Karpisheh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kaveh Nasrollahi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafari
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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MicroRNAs: A Link between Mammary Gland Development and Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415978. [PMID: 36555616 PMCID: PMC9786715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is among the most common cancers in women, second to skin cancer. Mammary gland development can influence breast cancer development in later life. Processes such as proliferation, invasion, and migration during mammary gland development can often mirror processes found in breast cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small, non-coding RNAs, can repress post-transcriptional RNA expression and can regulate up to 80% of all genes. Expression of miRNAs play a key role in mammary gland development, and aberrant expression can initiate or promote breast cancer. Here, we review the role of miRNAs in mammary development and breast cancer, and potential parallel roles. A total of 32 miRNAs were found to be expressed in both mammary gland development and breast cancer. These miRNAs are involved in proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and apoptosis in both processes. Some miRNAs were found to have contradictory roles, possibly due to their ability to target many genes at once. Investigation of miRNAs and their role in mammary gland development may inform about their role in breast cancer. In particular, by studying miRNA in development, mechanisms and potential targets for breast cancer treatment may be elucidated.
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Bioactivity of Exosomes Derived from Trained Natural Killer Cells versus Non-Trained One: More Functional and Antitumor Activity. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:5396628. [PMID: 36060136 PMCID: PMC9433262 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5396628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system, capable of killing viral-infected and cancerous cells. NK cell-mediated immunotherapy has remarkably changed the current paradigm of cancer treatment in recent years. It emerged as a safe and effective therapeutic approach for patients with advanced-stage leukemia. Several immune-escape mechanisms can be enacted by cancer cells to avoid NK-mediated killing. Exosomes released by NK cells that carry proteins and miRNAs can exert an antitumor effect. In the present study, we hypothesized that maybe exosomes derived from trained natural killer cells show more antitumor effect in comparison to non-trained one. Methods PBMC was separated by the Ficoll method and cultured with IL-2 for 21 days to expand NK cells. The NK cells were co-cultured with K562 for 72 hours and exosome-derived co-cultured (as trained) and natural killer cell-derived exosomes (as non-trained) were extracted by Exo kit. The exosomes were confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), flow cytometry, and western blotting. The K562 cells were separately treated by trained and non-trained exosomes and MTT assay, apoptosis, and real-time PCR were performed. Results Based on flow cytometry, CD56 marker was 89.7% and 40.1% for NK cells and NK-derived exosomes, respectively. CD63 and CD9 were positive for exosomes by western blotting. The morphology of exosome was confirmed by TEM. Treated K562 cells by trained exosomes indicated the diminished cell viability and higher apoptosis. Furthermore, the trained exosomes showed up-regulation in both P53 and caspase3 genes as compared with non-trained sample. Discussion. Trained Exos showed a potent inhibitory effect on proliferation and induced apoptosis on K562 cell lines compared to the same dose of non-trained Exos. According to the results of qRT-PCR, trained Exos exerted an antitumor activity through up-regulation of caspase 3 and P53 in the apoptotic signaling pathway in tumor cells. Our findings indicate an effective action of trained Exos against cancer cells.
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Alam MS, Rahaman MM, Sultana A, Wang G, Mollah MNH. Statistics and network-based approaches to identify molecular mechanisms that drive the progression of breast cancer. Comput Biol Med 2022; 145:105508. [PMID: 35447458 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most malignant tumors and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. So, an in-depth investigation on the molecular mechanisms of BC progression is required for diagnosis, prognosis and therapies. In this study, we identified 127 common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) between BC and control samples by analyzing five gene expression profiles with NCBI accession numbers GSE139038, GSE62931, GSE45827, GSE42568 and GSE54002, based-on two statistical methods LIMMA and SAM. Then we constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of cDEGs through the STRING database and selected top-ranked 7 cDEGs (BUB1, ASPM, TTK, CCNA2, CENPF, RFC4, and CCNB1) as a set of key genes (KGs) by cytoHubba plugin in Cytoscape. Several BC-causing crucial biological processes, molecular functions, cellular components, and pathways were significantly enriched by the estimated cDEGs including at-least one KGs. The multivariate survival analysis showed that the proposed KGs have a strong prognosis power of BC. Moreover, we detected some transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators of KGs by their regulatory network analysis. Finally, we suggested KGs-guided three repurposable candidate-drugs (Trametinib, selumetinib, and RDEA119) for BC treatment by using the GSCALite online web tool and validated them through molecular docking analysis, and found their strong binding affinities. Therefore, the findings of this study might be useful resources for BC diagnosis, prognosis and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahin Alam
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China; Bioinformatics Lab. (Dry), Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Matiur Rahaman
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh; Bioinformatics Lab. (Dry), Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Adiba Sultana
- Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China; Bioinformatics Lab. (Dry), Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuropathology, Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Md Nurul Haque Mollah
- Bioinformatics Lab. (Dry), Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
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Ben-Elazar S, Aure MR, Jonsdottir K, Leivonen SK, Kristensen VN, Janssen EAM, Kleivi Sahlberg K, Lingjærde OC, Yakhini Z. miRNA normalization enables joint analysis of several datasets to increase sensitivity and to reveal novel miRNAs differentially expressed in breast cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1008608. [PMID: 33566819 PMCID: PMC7901788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1008608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Different miRNA profiling protocols and technologies introduce differences in the resulting quantitative expression profiles. These include differences in the presence (and measurability) of certain miRNAs. We present and examine a method based on quantile normalization, Adjusted Quantile Normalization (AQuN), to combine miRNA expression data from multiple studies in breast cancer into a single joint dataset for integrative analysis. By pooling multiple datasets, we obtain increased statistical power, surfacing patterns that do not emerge as statistically significant when separately analyzing these datasets. To merge several datasets, as we do here, one needs to overcome both technical and batch differences between these datasets. We compare several approaches for merging and jointly analyzing miRNA datasets. We investigate the statistical confidence for known results and highlight potential new findings that resulted from the joint analysis using AQuN. In particular, we detect several miRNAs to be differentially expressed in estrogen receptor (ER) positive versus ER negative samples. In addition, we identify new potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for both clinical groups. As a specific example, using the AQuN-derived dataset we detect hsa-miR-193b-5p to have a statistically significant over-expression in the ER positive group, a phenomenon that was not previously reported. Furthermore, as demonstrated by functional assays in breast cancer cell lines, overexpression of hsa-miR-193b-5p in breast cancer cell lines resulted in decreased cell viability in addition to inducing apoptosis. Together, these observations suggest a novel functional role for this miRNA in breast cancer. Packages implementing AQuN are provided for Python and Matlab: https://github.com/YakhiniGroup/PyAQN. This work demonstrates a practical approach to the joint-analysis of multiple miRNA expression profiling datasets acquired with different measurement technologies. The use of different platforms in miRNA profiling can lead to major differences in results. In particular, some miRNA species are less amenable to detection and quantification by certain platforms or designs. Our approach, termed AQuN, combines quantile normalization with special attention to missing entities, to normalize miRNA expression across datasets, technologies, designs and platforms. As we show, our proposed approach uncovers patterns of interest that would not have emerged as statistically significant when analyzing the datasets individually or with other standard-practice normalization methods. Amongst our findings, we noted a previously undocumented miRNA that is significantly over-expressed in samples from estrogen-receptor positive breast cancer patients as compared to samples from estrogen-receptor negative patients. We further investigated this miRNA, hsa-miR-193b-5p, and experimentally show, in cell lines, that its expression level impacts the viability of tumor cells. AQuN is available to the community in the form of Python and Matlab packages. The joint-processed data is also made available for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shay Ben-Elazar
- School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Department of Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
- * E-mail: (SBE); (MRA); (ZY)
| | - Miriam Ragle Aure
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail: (SBE); (MRA); (ZY)
| | - Kristin Jonsdottir
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Suvi-Katri Leivonen
- Helsinki University Hospital Comprehensive Cancer Centre and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Vessela N. Kristensen
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology and Laboratory Science (EpiGen), Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Emiel A. M. Janssen
- Department of Pathology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Kristine Kleivi Sahlberg
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Research, Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway
| | - Ole Christian Lingjærde
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Cancer Biomedicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zohar Yakhini
- Department of Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel
- Department of Computer Science, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- * E-mail: (SBE); (MRA); (ZY)
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Abstract
Despite the decline in death rate from breast cancer and recent advances in targeted therapies and combinations for the treatment of metastatic disease, metastatic breast cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer-associated death in U.S. women. The invasion-metastasis cascade involves a number of steps and multitudes of proteins and signaling molecules. The pathways include invasion, intravasation, circulation, extravasation, infiltration into a distant site to form a metastatic niche, and micrometastasis formation in a new environment. Each of these processes is regulated by changes in gene expression. Noncoding RNAs including microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis by post-transcriptional regulation of target gene expression. miRNAs can stimulate oncogenesis (oncomiRs), inhibit tumor growth (tumor suppressors or miRsupps), and regulate gene targets in metastasis (metastamiRs). The goal of this review is to summarize some of the key miRNAs that regulate genes and pathways involved in metastatic breast cancer with an emphasis on estrogen receptor α (ERα+) breast cancer. We reviewed the identity, regulation, human breast tumor expression, and reported prognostic significance of miRNAs that have been documented to directly target key genes in pathways, including epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributing to the metastatic cascade. We critically evaluated the evidence for metastamiRs and their targets and miRNA regulation of metastasis suppressor genes in breast cancer progression and metastasis. It is clear that our understanding of miRNA regulation of targets in metastasis is incomplete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Aravindan N, Subramanian K, Somasundaram DB, Herman TS, Aravindan S. MicroRNAs in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis, therapy resistance, and disease evolution. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2019; 2:1086-1105. [PMID: 31867575 PMCID: PMC6924638 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2019.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) deriving from neural crest cells is the most common extra-cranial solid cancer at infancy. NB originates within the peripheral sympathetic ganglia in adrenal medulla and along the midline of the body. Clinically, NB exhibits significant heterogeneity stretching from spontaneous regression to rapid progression to therapy resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are small (19-22 nt in length) non-coding RNAs that regulate human gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and are known to regulate cellular signaling, growth, differentiation, death, stemness, and maintenance. Consequently, the function of miRs in tumorigenesis, progression and resistance is of utmost importance for the understanding of dysfunctional cellular pathways that lead to disease evolution, therapy resistance, and poor clinical outcomes. Over the last two decades, much attention has been devoted to understanding the functional roles of miRs in NB biology. This review focuses on highlighting the important implications of miRs within the context of NB disease progression, particularly miRs’ influences on NB disease evolution and therapy resistance. In this review, we discuss the functions of both the “oncomiRs” and “tumor suppressor miRs” in NB progression/therapy resistance. These are the critical components to be considered during the development of novel miR-based therapeutic strategies to counter therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Aravindan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Karthikeyan Subramanian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Dinesh Babu Somasundaram
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Terence S Herman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
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Dong S, Xiao Y, Ma X, He W, Kang J, Peng Z, Wang L, Li Z. miR-193b Increases the Chemosensitivity of Osteosarcoma Cells by Promoting FEN1-Mediated Autophagy. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10089-10098. [PMID: 31819503 PMCID: PMC6878930 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s219977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumors and specific microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely associated with malignant OS progression. In this study, we examined the role of microRNA-193b-3p (miR-193b) and the involvement of autophagy and apoptosis in the chemosensitivity of OS cells. Methods We employed qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry to examine the expression levels of miR-193b, flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1), and autophagy-related proteins. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using an Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed the relationship between miR-193b and FEN1. Results miR-193b was downregulated in OS compared to adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.05). miR-193b overexpression in the OS cell lines induced autophagy and apoptosis, as shown by Western blotting and flow cytometry. Knockdown of FEN1, a structure-specific nuclease overexpressed in OS tissues (p < 0.001), induced apoptosis through activation of autophagy. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that FEN1 is a direct target of miR-193b, FEN1 knockdown reinforced miR-193b induced apoptosis. Moreover, miR-193b expression enhanced epirubicin-induced autophagy and apoptosis. Conclusion Collectively, the results showed that miR-193b/FEN1 may serve as a novel therapeutic target for OS aimed mainly at the induction of autophagy and apoptosis. The miR-193b/FEN1 axis increased the chemosensitivity of OS cells, while activation of autophagy enhanced the anticancer effects of epirubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwei Dong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Xiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei He
- Medical Services Section, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Kang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuohui Peng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Cancer Biotherapy Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University (Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province), Kunming, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
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