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Pan Z, Liu L, Li X, Ma Y. A Study of Racket Weight Adaptation in Advanced and Beginner Badminton Players. Appl Bionics Biomech 2024; 2024:8908294. [PMID: 38304060 PMCID: PMC10834085 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8908294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The jump smash is the most aggressive manoeuvre in badminton. Racket parameters may be the key factor affecting the performance of jump smash. Previous studies have focused only on the biomechanical characteristics of athletes or on racket parameters in isolation, with less observation of the overall performance of the human-racket system. This study aims to explore the effects of different racket weights on neuromuscular control strategies in advanced and beginner players. Nonnegative matrix factorisation (NMF) was used to extract the muscle synergies of players when jumping smash using different rackets (3U, 5U), and K-means clustering was used to obtain the fundamental synergies. Uncontrolled manifold (UCM) analyses were used to establish links between synergy and motor performance, and surface electromyography (sEMG) was mapped to each spinal cord segment. The study found significant differences (P < 0.05) in the postural muscles of skilled players and significant differences (P < 0.001) in the upper-limb muscles of beginners when the racket weight was increased. Advanced players adapt to the increase in racket weight primarily by adjusting the timing of the activation of the third synergy. Combined synergy in advanced players is mainly focused on the backswing, while that in beginners is mainly focused on the frontswing. This suggests that advanced players may be more adept at utilising the postural muscles and their coordination with the upper-limb muscles to adapt to different rackets. In addition, the motor experience can help athletes adapt more quickly to heavier rackets, and this adaptation occurs primarily by adjusting the temporal phase and covariation characteristics of the synergies rather than by increasing the number of synergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengye Pan
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Lushuai Liu
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingman Li
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunchao Ma
- College of Physical Education and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Blanes C, Correcher A, Martínez-Turégano J, Ricolfe-Viala C. Identifying the Sweet Spot of Padel Rackets with a Robot. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:9908. [PMID: 38139753 PMCID: PMC10747547 DOI: 10.3390/s23249908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Although the vibration of rackets and the location of the sweet spot for players when hitting the ball is crucial, manufacturers do not specify this behavior precisely. This article analyses padel rackets, provides a solution to determine the sweet spot position (SSP), quantifies its behavior, and determines the level of vibration transmitted along the racket handle. The proposed methods serve to locate the SSP without quantifying it. This article demonstrates the development of equipment capable of analyzing the vibration behavior of padel rackets. To do so, it employs a robot that moves along the surface of the padel racket, striking it along its central line. Accelerometers are placed on a movable cradle where rackets are positioned and adjusted. A method for analyzing accelerometer signals to quantify vibration severity is proposed. The SSP and vibration behavior along the central line are determined and quantified. As a result of the study, 225 padel rackets are analyzed and compared. SSP is independent of the padel racket shape, balance, weight, moment of inertia, and padel racket shape (tear, diamond, or round) and is not located at the same position as the center of percussion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Carlos Ricolfe-Viala
- Instituto de Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Edificio 8G, Acceso D, 3a Planta, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (C.B.); (A.C.); (J.M.-T.)
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Prieto-Lage I, Paramés-González A, Torres-Santos D, Argibay-González JC, Reguera-López-de-la-Osa X, Gutiérrez-Santiago A. Match analysis and probability of winning a point in elite men's singles tennis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286076. [PMID: 37768928 PMCID: PMC10538650 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Notational analysis and new technologies have allowed a better understanding of tactical actions in tennis. In particular, the combined analysis of different variables affecting performance is necessary to understand the relationships between actions in competition. The aim of this research was to analyse the probability of winning a point in men's professional tennis based on the most relevant variables affecting performance in this sport. A total of 4,669 points were analysed on three different court surfaces from the final rounds (from the quarter-finals onwards) of three of the four Grand Slam tournaments in the 2021 season. An observational methodology was applied. Different analysis techniques were used to obtain the results: descriptive and chi-square with a significance level of p<0.05. First serve effectiveness (point won) was 69% on clay, 75% on grass and 75% on hard court. Second serve effectiveness (point won) was around 55% regardless of the surface. The majority of points, between 65% and 77% depending on the court surface, ended with a short rally (between one and four shots). Approximately 80% of the points played with first serve and short rally were won by the serving player. With first serve and medium length rallies, the probability of winning the point is similar between server (range 49-55%) and receiver on any court surface. The study reveals a set of patterns (based on the combination of information from the variables analysed) that determine the probability of winning a point. Descriptive data from this research could help coaches and players on match strategy at the highest levels of elite men's single tennis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Prieto-Lage
- Faculty of Education and Sport, Observational Research Group, University of Vigo (Spain), Vigo, Spain
| | - Adrián Paramés-González
- Faculty of Education and Sport, Observational Research Group, University of Vigo (Spain), Vigo, Spain
| | - Daniel Torres-Santos
- Faculty of Education and Sport, Observational Research Group, University of Vigo (Spain), Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Xoana Reguera-López-de-la-Osa
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), Education, Physical Activity and Health Research Group (Gies10-DE3), SERGAS-UVIGO, Vigo, Spain
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Towler H, Mitchell SR, King MA. Effects of racket moment of inertia on racket head speed, impact location and shuttlecock speed during the badminton smash. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14060. [PMID: 37640755 PMCID: PMC10462755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
How the racket properties impact performance of the badminton smash is relatively unknown, and further insight could help players/coaches select the most appropriate racket. Three-dimensional position data of the racket and shuttlecock were collected (500 Hz) for 20 experienced badminton players performing a series of forehand smashes with five swingweight ([Formula: see text]) perturbed rackets, ranging from 85-106 kg·cm2. [Formula: see text] was calculated using a balance board and simple pendulum method, and modal analysis was performed using laser vibrometry to capture the fundamental frequency and distal node location for each racket. As [Formula: see text] increased a reduction in racket head speed was found with on average a 0.7 m·s-1 decrease per 5 kg·cm2 increase in [Formula: see text], however this did not lead to slower shuttlecock speeds. The impact location tended to move closer to the tip as the fundamental frequency node moved closer to the tip (as [Formula: see text] increased), providing some evidence that participants may subconsciously strike the shuttlecock at the node location to provide desirable sensory feedback. The increase in racket head speed but not shuttlecock speed was likely due to the distal increase in longitudinal impact location as [Formula: see text] increased, as well as an increase in effective mass for a given impact location. Additionally, removal of the deformation component (additional racket head speed due to the racket noticeably bending and recovering) of racket head speed increased the effect size of the relationship with [Formula: see text], where rackets with greater [Formula: see text] had larger deformation velocities. The research provides further insight into the smash performance characteristics of experienced badminton players, particularly based on racket properties. Further research is required to confirm the coincidence between node location and longitudinal impact location.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Towler
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TS, UK.
| | - S R Mitchell
- Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Wolfson School of Mechanical, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - M A King
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TS, UK
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Zaidi Z, Martin D, Belles N, Zakharov V, Krishna A, Lee KM, Wagstaff P, Naik S, Sklar M, Choi S, Kakehi Y, Patil R, Mallemadugula D, Pesce F, Wilson P, Hom W, Diamond M, Zhao B, Moorman N, Paleja R, Chen L, Seraj E, Gombolay M. Athletic Mobile Manipulator System for Robotic Wheelchair Tennis. IEEE Robot Autom Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1109/lra.2023.3249401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Kin Man Lee
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sumedh Naik
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Sugju Choi
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Peter Wilson
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wendell Hom
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Bryan Zhao
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nina Moorman
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rohan Paleja
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Letian Chen
- Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Grant RA, Taraborrelli L, Allen T. Morphometrics for sports mechanics: Showcasing tennis racket shape diversity. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263120. [PMID: 35100318 PMCID: PMC8803194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tennis racket design has changed from its conception in 1874. While we know that modern tennis rackets are lighter and have larger heads than their wooden predecessors, it is unknown how their gross shape has changed specifically. It is also unknown how racket shape is related to factors that influence performance, like the Transverse and Polar moments of inertia. The aim of this study was to quantify how tennis racket shape has changed over time, with a view to furthering our understanding of how such developments have influenced the game. Two-dimensional morphometric analysis was applied to silhouettes extracted from photographs of 514 rackets dating from 1874 to 2017. A principal component analysis was conducted on silhouette outlines, to allow racket shape to be summarised. The rackets were grouped by age and material for further analysis. Principal Component 1 accounted for 87% of the variation in racket shape. A pairwise Pearson’s correlation test indicated that head width and length were both strongly correlated to Principal Component 1 (r = 0.916 & r = 0.801, p-values<0.001). Principal Component 1 was also correlated to the Polar (r = 0.862, p<0.001) and Transverse (r = -0.506, p<0.001) moments of inertia. Racket age and material had a medium (p<0.001, η2p = 0.074) and small (p = 0.015, η2p = 0.017) effect on Principal Component 1, respectively. Mean racket shapes were also generated from the morphometric analyses for the material and age groupings, and we consider how these shape changes may have influenced performance and injury risk. These mean shape groupings could support the development of models, such as finite element analysis, for predicting how historical developments in tennis equipment have affected performance and injury risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn A. Grant
- Department of Natural Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Luca Taraborrelli
- Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Tom Allen
- Department of Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Li Y. COLLEGE STUDENTS’ PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HEALTH EXERCISE BASED ON TENNIS. REV BRAS MED ESPORTE 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1517-8692202127012020_0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT College students are often under great pressure, and their physical and mental health is the focus of attention in college education. In order to cultivate high-quality talents and relieve the pressure of college students, many colleges and universities have set up a variety of sports courses, including tennis courses. Analyzing the influence of tennis on the physical and mental health of college students, this study studies the situation of college students participating in tennis by consulting literature, designing questionnaires and using an experimental measurement method, while it constructs the physical health evaluation index and mental health evaluation index of college students. On this basis, this study evaluates the influence of tennis on students’ physical and mental health. The results show that tennis has a positive impact on the physical and mental health of college students. Tennis can not only enhance college students’ cardiopulmonary function and muscle strength, but also cultivate students’ independent personality, eliminate depression tendency, make students independent, flexible and active, which is conducive to the development of students’ mental health. It is hoped that this study can provide some reference for the research of college students’ physical and mental health exercise based on tennis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, China
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Amaro AM, Paulino MF, Neto MA, Roseiro L. Hand-Arm Vibration Assessment and Changes in the Thermal Map of the Skin in Tennis Athletes during the Service. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E5117. [PMID: 31847390 PMCID: PMC6949913 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
During recent years the number of tennis athletes has increased significantly. When playing tennis, the human body is exposed to many situations which can lead to human injuries, such as the so-called tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis). In this work a biomechanical analysis of tennis athletes, particularly during the service, was performed, considering three different types of over-grip and the presence of one anti-vibrator device. One part of the study evaluates the exposure to hand-arm vibration of the athlete, based on the European Directive 2002/44/EC concerning the minimum health and safety requirements, regarding the exposure of workers to risks from physical agents. The second part of the study considers an infrared thermography analysis in order to identify signs of risk of injury, particularly tennis elbow, one of the most common injuries in this sport. The results show that the presence of the anti-vibrator influences the vibration values greatly in the case of athletes with more experience and also for athletes with less performance. The presence of the Cork and/or Tourna on the racket grip does not have any significant effect on the hand-arm vibration (HAV), similarly in the case of athletes with the best performance and athletes with less technique. The results indicated that the infrared thermography technique may be used to identify the risk of injuries in tennis players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Amaro
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.P.); (M.A.N.); (L.R.)
| | - Maria F. Paulino
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.P.); (M.A.N.); (L.R.)
| | - Maria A. Neto
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.P.); (M.A.N.); (L.R.)
| | - Luis Roseiro
- CEMMPRE, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.P.); (M.A.N.); (L.R.)
- Coimbra Polytechnic-ISEC, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
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Söğüt M. Height- and surface-related variations in match-play outcomes and rankings in professional men’s tennis. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-019-00612-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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10
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Delgado-García G, Vanrenterghem J, Muñoz-García A, Ruiz-Malagón EJ, Mañas-Bastidas A, Soto-Hermoso VM. Probabilistic structure of errors in forehand and backhand groundstrokes of advanced tennis players. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2019.1647733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Delgado-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jos Vanrenterghem
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alejandro Muñoz-García
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Emilio J. Ruiz-Malagón
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Mañas-Bastidas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Víctor Manuel Soto-Hermoso
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Sport and Health Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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11
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12
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Cross R, Lindsey C. Topspin generation in tennis. SPORTS ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12283-019-0295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Söğüt M. Stature: Does it really make a difference in match-play outcomes among professional tennis players? INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2018.1466259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Söğüt
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey
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Tubez F, Schwartz C, Paulus J, Croisier JL, Brüls O, Denoël V, Forthomme B. Which tool for a tennis serve evaluation? A review. INT J PERF ANAL SPOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/24748668.2017.1419407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Tubez
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Physiotherapy Department, Haute École Robert Schuman (HERS), Libramont, Belgium
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - C. Schwartz
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J. Paulus
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J.-L. Croisier
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - O. Brüls
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering (LTAS), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - V. Denoël
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Structural Engineering, Department ArGEnCo, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - B. Forthomme
- Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis (LAMH), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- Department of Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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