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Meher R, Patidar GK, Chaurasia R, Pandey HC, Hazarika A. Prevention strategies for vasovagal reaction in whole blood donors: A quadri-armed randomised control trial. Transfus Med 2024; 34:20-29. [PMID: 38165089 DOI: 10.1111/tme.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vasovagal reaction (VVR) is a frequently encountered generalised donor adverse reaction, associated with donor deterrence towards future donation. Several mitigation strategies for prevention of VVR were tried but still not standardised. This quadri-armed randomised study evaluated the utility of water ingestion, applied muscle tension (AMT) and combination of both in preventing the VVR among blood donors. METHODS A quadri-armed randomised controlled trial was performed on 4320 whole blood donors. Blood donors of 18-65 years of age were randomised into four groups based on the interventions performed i.e., control with no intervention (Group 1, n = 1081), water ingestion (Group 2, n = 1082), AMT (Group 3, n = 1070) and combined intervention (Group 4, n = 1087). VVR during and immediately after blood donation were observed along with assessment of risk factors in blood donors and the effectiveness of interventions were analysed. RESULTS The incidence of VVR observed 1.6% in our study, with the highest occurrence in the control group (2.5%) and the lowest in the combined intervention group (0.9%). Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the control group donors faced a 1.38-fold greater risk of VVR compared to those receiving interventions (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.10-1.75). Other risk factors included younger age (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.05-2.17), first-time donation (OR: 5.7, 95% CI: 1.66-5.74), prior history of VVR (OR: 2.5, 95% CI: 10.4-101.52). DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION The combined approach of water ingestion and AMT proved significantly more effective in VVR prevention compared to individual interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radheshyam Meher
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gopal Kumar Patidar
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rahul Chaurasia
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Hem Chandra Pandey
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjali Hazarika
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Kumar R, Kaur P, Verma K, Rajeev K, Bhaskar B, Kumar S. Delayed adverse reaction in donors after whole blood donation: Is it a matter of concern? Transfus Clin Biol 2023; 30:232-237. [PMID: 36638906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood donation has a remarkable safety record and most of the donors have a good experience or only mild symptoms after blood donation were noted. Although even a very low rate of reactions may have gloomy effect diminishing their fondness to donate again. The main aim of our study was to determine the incidence and to analyze how various donor demographic factors tend to be associated with delayed adverse donor reactions (ADR). MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Immuno-hematology and Blood Transfusion of tertiary care hospital. All the whole blood donors, who gave consent to participate in the study were contacted telephonically after 24 hours and day 7 after donation. The donor who couldn't be contacted telephonically, was tried again at an interval of four hours in a day for two consecutive days before declaring the participant to be non-responder. RESULTS A total of 2495 (92.4%) blood donors experienced delayed ADRs. The commonest delayed ADRs reported were generalized weakness (24.6%), bruises (24.2%) followed by painful arm (14.5%). Females, first-time blood donors, donors with low BMI and donors engaged in manual labor were more vulnerable to develop any adverse reactions. CONCLUSION Blood donors can experience delayed ADRs. It is important to prevent these reactions especially in susceptible donors. Proper awareness and training to the staff was provided to minimize the incidence of ADR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kiran Rajeev
- Assistant Surgeon, Dept. of Health services, Ozhalapathy, India
| | - Bala Bhaskar
- Dept. of Transfusion Medicine, Sparsh Hospital, Bengaluru, India
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Lewin A, Deschênes J, Rabusseau I, Thibeault C, Renaud C, Germain M. Pre-donation water and salty snacks to prevent vasovagal reactions among blood donors. Transfusion 2023; 63:156-162. [PMID: 36345887 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Minimizing the risk of vasovagal reactions (VVRs) can prevent donor harms and improve donor return. We report the results of a program to reduce VVR rates. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The program was implemented on June 11, 2017 and consisted in drinking water and eating a salty snack before donating blood, plasma, or platelets. All donations made during the "pre-program period" (October 11, 2015-June 10, 2017) and "post-program period" (June 11, 2017-May 11, 2019) were included. Study outcomes comprised VVRs (any severity) and syncopal VVRs, whether employee- or donor-reported. An interrupted time series (ITS) analysis proxied causality based on the "pre-program trend," the "immediate trend" (i.e., immediately before versus after the program), and the "post-program trend". The relative risk (RR) of VVR (along with confidence intervals [CIs]) was reported, overall and stratified by subgroups based on age, sex, donor type (i.e., first-time versus repeat), and donation type (i.e., whole blood versus apheresis). RESULTS The monthly VVR rate (any severity) dropped from 4.6% in the pre-program period to 4.3% in the post-program period, and never reached its pre-program level. The ITS analysis revealed a statistically significant and increasing pre-program trend (RR [95% CI] = 1.011 [1.002-1.020]), a statistically significant and decreasing immediate trend (RR [95% CI] = 0.848 [0.743-0.969]), and a non-statistically-significant and stable post-program trend (RR [95% CI] = 0.999 [0.993-1.006]). Similar trends were observed for nearly all high- and low-risk subgroups. No statistically significant trend was observed for syncopal VVRs. DISCUSSION These results suggest that the herein-described program durably reduced the incidence of VVRs (any severity) by ~15%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Lewin
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessyka Deschênes
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rabusseau
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Christian Renaud
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Germain
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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Arcot PJ, Kumar K, Sachdev S, Sharma RR, Coshic P. Reinduction of the Temporarily Deferred Donors for Laying the Foundation of Safe and Sustainable Blood Supplies: A Review in the Indian Context. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2022; 38:437-443. [PMID: 35035128 PMCID: PMC8743350 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-021-01516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporarily deferred donors are a forgotten pool of potential blood source. When dealt appropriately, they can easily be inducted back to the main stream pool of voluntary donors. Although there are multiple studies from India on the deferral rates and patterns; not much has been done with respect to the follow up of these donors and active efforts to bring them back to donate blood. In this narrative review, we discuss the impact of temporary deferral, factors affecting the return and appropriate strategies to improve the return rate of these donors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karan Kumar
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, AIIMS, Delhi, India
| | - Suchet Sachdev
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Poonam Coshic
- Main Blood Bank, Department of Transfusion Medicine, AIIMS, Delhi, India
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Taheri Soodejani M, Haghdoost AA, Okhovati M, Zolala F, Baneshi MR, Sedaghat A, Tabatabaei SM. Incidence of adverse reaction in blood donation: a systematic review. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2020; 10:145-150. [PMID: 33224558 PMCID: PMC7675132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There are a lot of reports related to adverse reactions post blood donation. The present study is designed to investigate the incidence of adverse reactions in blood donation around the world. This research was conducted through searching databases such as PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EmBase, Ovid, as well as the specialized journal of TRANSFUSION without any time limit by using the keywords including "Adverse Event", "Adverse Effect", "Adverse Reaction", "Complication", "Side Effect", "Vasovagal Reaction", "Local Reaction", "General Reaction", "Allergic Reaction", "Blood Donor", and "Blood Donation". In the initial search, 7054 documents were found, of which 2517 duplicates were excluded. After screening the remaining 4,537 documents, 97 one were reviewed for quality assessment, of which 30 with the appropriate quality were selected for the review process. The results of the study showed that the reactions caused by blood donation are very different. Most reactions were systemic, and ranged from 0.08 to 13 percent in different countries. The incidence of adverse reactions in blood donation differ across the countries which might be related to the donors' characteristics. The difference did even existed in studies conducted in the same country and the same year. This suggests that many factors can cause adverse reactions in blood donation, and that a wide range of them investigated in one study, most of which were systemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Taheri Soodejani
- Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Disease, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazd, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical SciencesKerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Okhovati
- Medical Library and Information Sciences Department, Faculty of Management and Information Science, Kerman University of Medical SciencesKerman, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Zolala
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical SciencesKerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Baneshi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical SciencesKerman, Iran
| | - Abbas Sedaghat
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion MedicineTehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhad, Iran
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Land KJ, Townsend M, Goldman M, Whitaker BI, Perez GE, Wiersum-Osselton JC. International validation of harmonized definitions for complications of blood donations. Transfusion 2018; 58:2589-2595. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J. Land
- Blood Systems, Inc.; San Antonio Texas
- UT Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Pathology; San Antonio Texas
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