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Kosaruk W, Brown JL, Towiboon P, Pringproa K, Punyapornwithaya V, Tankaew P, Kittisirikul N, Toonrongchang W, Janyamathakul T, Muanghong P, Thitaram C. Seasonal patterns of oxidative stress markers in captive Asian elephants in Thailand and relationships to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus shedding. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1263775. [PMID: 37795017 PMCID: PMC10546319 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1263775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant activity and accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which can have detrimental effects on animal health. Annual fluctuations in oxidative stress status can occur, increasing disease susceptibility during certain time periods. However, a full understanding of factors related to oxidative stress in Asian elephants and how to mitigate the negative consequences is lacking. Methods This study measured six serum oxidative stress markers [reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), albumin, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase] and two stress markers [serum cortisol and fecal glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCM)] in 23 captive Asian elephants in Thailand over a 12 months period to examine relationships with age and season. Results Seasonal variations were observed, with several markers exhibiting significantly higher concentrations in the summer (ROS, MDA, 8-OHdG, albumin) and lower values during the rainy/winter seasons (MDA, 8-OHdG, albumin, catalase). By contrast, GPx was the only marker to be highest during the rainy season. For the stress markers, higher fGCM concentrations were noted during the rainy season, which contrasts with earlier studies showing more activity in the winter (tourist season). Positive correlations were found between the temperature-humidity index and ROS, GPx, and fGCM, while a negative correlation was observed with serum albumin. Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) shedding events were associated with higher concentrations of ROS and MDA. A moderate negative correlation was observed between 8-OHdG and the PCR threshold cycle of EEHV shedding (Ct), indicating DNA damage may be involved in EEHV shedding in elephants. Discussion Results revealed significant age and seasonal effects on several oxidative stress markers, indicating those factors should be considered in study design and data interpretation. There also may be physiological adaptations in oxidative stress conditions in relation to environmental changes that could impact health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worapong Kosaruk
- Doctoral Degree Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Janine L. Brown
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, United States
| | - Patcharapa Towiboon
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Kidsadagon Pringproa
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Pallop Tankaew
- Central Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Narueporn Kittisirikul
- Elephant Hospital, National Elephant Institute, Forest Industry Organization, Lampang, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Chatchote Thitaram
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Rouvas A, Bouratzis N, Georgalas I, Gouliopoulos N. Is there any association between the frequency of wet age-related macular degeneration recurrences and the seasons of the year? Int Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s10792-023-02732-z. [PMID: 37162702 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02732-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether a seasonal distribution of the frequency of exudative age-related macular degeneration (wet AMD) recurrences exists. METHODS In total, 129 eyes with 171 recurrences in patients suffering from wet AMD were included in the study. All the patients had been treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF injections according to Pro Re Nata treatment regimen. Recurrence was defined as the re-detection of sub-retinal fluid, intraretinal fluid, and/or sub-macular hemorrhage in optical coherence tomography scans, after at least two consecutive monthly examinations with a "dry" macula. The year was divided in three 4-month periods (zone A: June-September, zone B: October-January, and zone C: February-May) based on the weather conditions prevailing in each period. Mean temperature and hours of sunlight exposure were the main weather markers recorded. RESULTS Eighty-two recurrences (48%) occurred during the period June-September, 50 (29.2%) during the period October-January, and 39 (22.8%) during the period February-May (Chi-square = 17.5, p < 0.001). Among the groups, neither patients' age (78 ± 8 years A, 76 ± 7 years B, and 79 ± 8 years C, p = 0.15) nor gender status (40% men A, 36% men B, and 51% men C, p = 0.35) differed significantly. Mean temperature was 27.6 ± 1.8 °C, 15.1 ± 4.6 °C, and 16.5 ± 4.4 °C in zones A, B, and C, respectively. Hours (h) of sunlight exposure (average hours/month) were 344 ± 34 h, 188 ± 42 h, and 223 ± 57 h in zones A, B, and C. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that the frequency of wet AMD recurrences is significantly elevated during the warmer months, possibly due to the higher levels of UV radiation and mean temperature. Further research is necessary to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Rouvas
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' General Hospital Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Bouratzis
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' General Hospital Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Haidari, Athens, Greece
| | - Ilias Georgalas
- 1st Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'G. Gennimatas' General Hospital, Holargos, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Gouliopoulos
- 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 'Attikon' General Hospital Athens, 1 Rimini Str, 12462, Haidari, Athens, Greece.
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Kosaruk W, Brown JL, Towiboon P, Punyapornwithaya V, Pringproa K, Thitaram C. Measures of Oxidative Status Markers in Relation to Age, Sex, and Season in Sick and Healthy Captive Asian Elephants in Thailand. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091548. [PMID: 37174585 PMCID: PMC10177462 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a pathological condition that can have adverse effects on animal health, although little research has been conducted on wildlife species. In this study, blood was collected from captive Asian elephants for the assessment of five serum oxidative status markers (reactive oxygen species (ROS) concentrations; malondialdehyde, MDA; albumin; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; and catalase) in healthy (n = 137) and sick (n = 20) animals. Health problems consisted of weakness, puncture wounds, gastrointestinal distress, eye and musculoskeletal problems, and elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus hemorrhagic disease (EEHV-HD). Fecal samples were also collected to assess glucocorticoid metabolites (fGCMs) as a measure of stress. All data were analyzed in relation to age, sex, sampling season, and their interactions using generalized linear models, and a correlation matrix was constructed. ROS and serum albumin concentrations exhibited the highest concentrations in aged elephants (>45 years). No sex differences were found for any biomarker. Interactions were observed for age groups and seasons for ROS and catalase, while GPx displayed a significant interaction between sex and season. In pairwise comparisons, significant increases in ROS and catalase were observed in summer, with higher ROS concentrations observed only in the adult female group. Lower catalase activity was exhibited in juvenile males, subadult males, adult females, and aged females compared to subadult and adult elephants (males and females) in winter and the rainy season. There was a positive association between catalase activity and fGCMs (r = 0.23, p < 0.05), and a number of red blood cell parameters were positively associated with several of these biomarkers, suggesting high oxidative and antioxidative activity covary in red cells (p < 0.05). According to health status, elephants with EEHV-HD showed the most significant changes in oxidative stress markers, with MDA, GPx, and catalase being higher and albumin being lower than in healthy elephants. This study provides an analysis of understudied health biomarkers in Asian elephants, which can be used as additional tools for assessing the health condition of this species and suggests age and season may be important factors in data interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worapong Kosaruk
- Doctoral Degree Program in Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Janine L Brown
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Center for Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA
| | - Patcharapa Towiboon
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Veerasak Punyapornwithaya
- Department of Food Animal Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Kidsadagon Pringproa
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Department of Veterinary Bioscience and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
| | - Chatchote Thitaram
- Center of Elephant and Wildlife Health, Chiang Mai University Animal Hospital, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Elephant, Wildlife, and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
- Department of Companion Animal and Wildlife Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand
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Anik MI, Mahmud N, Masud AA, Khan MI, Islam MN, Uddin S, Hossain MK. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Aging and Age-Related Diseases: A Review. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4028-4054. [PMID: 36043942 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the aging process has advanced significantly over the last two decades. In light of recent findings, ROS takes part in the aging process of cells along with contributing to various physiological signaling pathways. Antioxidants being cells' natural defense mechanism against ROS-mediated alteration, play an imperative role to maintain intracellular ROS homeostasis. Although the complete understanding of the ROS regulated aging process is yet to be fully comprehended, current insights into various sources of cellular ROS and their correlation with the aging process and age-related diseases are portrayed in this review. In addition, results on the effect of antioxidants on ROS homeostasis and the aging process as well as their advances in clinical trials are also discussed in detail. The future perspective in ROS-antioxidant dynamics on antiaging research is also marshaled to provide future directions for ROS-mediated antiaging research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzahidul I Anik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
| | - Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Military Institute of Science and Technology, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ishak Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Md Nurul Islam
- Department of Bioregulatory Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Shihab Uddin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - M Khalid Hossain
- Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan
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Jacobs PJ, Hart DW, Suess T, Janse van Vuuren AK, Bennett NC. The Cost of Reproduction in a Cooperatively Breeding Mammal: Consequences of Seasonal Variation in Rainfall, Reproduction, and Reproductive Suppression. Front Physiol 2021; 12:780490. [PMID: 34867486 PMCID: PMC8640211 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.780490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological investments, such as reproduction, are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors and their interactions. The trade-off between reproduction and survival has been well established. Seasonally breeding species, therefore, may exhibit variations in these trade-offs, but there is a dearth of knowledge concerning this. This study investigated the physiological cost of reproduction (measured through oxidative stress) across seasons in the cooperatively breeding highveld mole-rat (Cryptomys hottentotus pretoriae), one of the few seasonal breeding mole-rats. Oxidative stress indicates elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which can overwhelm antioxidant defences resulting in damaged proteins, lipids and DNA, which overall can reduce longevity and compromise reproduction. Oxidative markers such as total oxidant status (TOS-measure of total peroxides present), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), oxidative stress index (OSI), and malondialdehyde (MDA) are utilised to measure oxidative stress. In this study, breeding and non-breeding male (NBM) and female mole-rats were captured during the dry season (breeding period) and wet season (non-breeding period). There was an apparent cost of reproduction in the highveld mole-rat; however, the seasonality pattern to the cost of reproduction varied between the sexes. Breeding females (BFs) had significantly higher MDA during the breeding period/dry season in comparison to the non-breeding period/wet season; this is possibly a consequence of bearing and nursing offspring. Contrastingly, breeding males (BMs) showed increased oxidative damage in the non-breeding/wet season compared to the breeding/dry season, possibly due to increased activities of protecting their mating rights for the next breeding/dry season, but this was not significant. Interestingly, during the non-breeding period/wet season, non-breeding females (NBFs) are released from their reproductive suppression, which resulted in increases in TOS and OSI, which again indicated that just the mere ability to be able to breed results in a cost (oxidative stress). Therefore we can speculate that highveld mole-rats exhibited seasonal variation in redox balance brought about by variation in abiotic variables (e.g., rainfall), physiology and behaviour. We conclude that physiological changes associated with reproduction are sufficient to induce significant acute oxidative stress in the plasma of female highveld mole-rats, which become alleviated following transition to the non-breeding season/wet period suggesting a possible hormetic effect.
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Umar SIU, Konwar D, Khan A, Bhat MA, Javid F, Jeelani R, Nabi B, Najar AA, Kumar D, Brahma B. Delineation of temperature-humidity index (THI) as indicator of heat stress in riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) of a sub-tropical Indian region. Cell Stress Chaperones 2021; 26:657-669. [PMID: 33950472 PMCID: PMC8275759 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-021-01209-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The erstwhile developed temperature-humidity index (THI) has been popularly used to indicate heat stress in dairy cattle and often in buffaloes. However, scientific literature suggests differences in thermotolerance and physiological responses to heat stress between cattle and buffalo. Therefore, THI range used to indicate degree of heat stress (mild, moderate, and severe) in cattle should be recalibrated for indicating heat stress in buffaloes. The present study was carried out to delineate THI range to indicate onset and severity of heat stress in buffaloes based on physiological, biochemical, and expression profiling of heat shock response (HSR) genes in animals at different THI. The result indicated early onset of heat stress in buffaloes as compared to cattle. Physiological and biochemical parameters indicated onset of mild signs of heat stress in buffaloes at THI 68-69. Significant deviation in these parameters was again observed at THI range 73-76. At THI 77-80, the physiological and biochemical responses of animals were further intensified indicating extreme alteration in homeostasis. The in vivo expression profiling of HSR genes indicated that members of Hsp70 gene family are expressed in a temporal pattern over different THIs, whereas expressions of Hsf genes were evident during intense heat stress. Overall, the study established that amplitude of heat shock response and THI range for indicating severity of thermal stress for buffaloes are not in unison to cattle. The study also suggests skin temperature of the poll region could be used as non-invasive tool for monitoring heat stress in dairy buffaloes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofi Imran Ul Umar
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu), R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Dipanjali Konwar
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu), R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Asma Khan
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu), R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Mohammad Altaf Bhat
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Suhama, Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Faizan Javid
- Division of Veterinary Microbiology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Suhama, Jammu and Kashmir, Kashmir, India
| | - Rakhshan Jeelani
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu), R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Burhan Nabi
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, SKUAST-Jammu, R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Afaq Amin Najar
- Division of Veterinary Medicine, SKUAST-Jammu, R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Dhirendra Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics and Breeding, SKUAST-Jammu, R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India
| | - Biswajit Brahma
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu), R. S. Pura, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 181102, India.
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Gismondi E, Daneels L, Damseaux F, Lehnert K, Siebert U, Das K. Preliminary study of oxidative stress biomarkers and trace elements in North Sea Harbour Seals. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 163:111905. [PMID: 33360729 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This preliminary study investigated the potential correlations between trace elements (mercury, zinc, cadmium, copper, selenium, lead, nickel, chromium, lithium and vanadium) concentrations, measured in red blood cells, and oxidative stress biomarkers (total thiols, total glutathione, total and selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidases, triglycerides, malondialdehyde) assessed in the respective serum, in males and females P. vitulina, sampled in the Wadden Sea in spring and autumn 2015. Only concentrations of total mercury and zinc showed significant differences by sex, and only lipid peroxidation was different by season. Moreover, significant positive and negative correlations were observed between biomarkers (triglycerides, thiols, malondialdehyde, glutathione) and trace element concentrations (copper, lead, mercury, nickel, zinc). These findings suggest that the studied biomarkers could be useful for the assessment of oxidative stress in harbour seals exposed to trace elements, but further research with larger sample sizes is needed to better understand their specific associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Gismondi
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology (LEAE), Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of ReSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège B6c, 11 allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Lucienne Daneels
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology (LEAE), Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of ReSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège B6c, 11 allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Laboratory of Oceanology, Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of ReSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège B6c, 11 Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - France Damseaux
- Laboratory of Oceanology, Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of ReSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège B6c, 11 Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Kristina Lehnert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | - Ursula Siebert
- Institute for Terrestrial and Aquatic Wildlife Research, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 25761 Büsum, Germany
| | - Krishna Das
- Laboratory of Oceanology, Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of ReSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège B6c, 11 Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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Montero D, Vicente-Salar N, Herranz M, Micol V, Walther G, Pérez-Martín A, Vinet A, Roche E. Glutathione-dependent enzyme activities of peripheral blood mononuclear cells decrease during the winter season compared with the summer in normal-weight and severely obese adolescents. J Physiol Biochem 2019; 75:321-327. [PMID: 31290115 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-related inflammation is known to play a vital role in obesity-associated cardiovascular disease, contributing to the early stages of the pathology as well as during its development. Therefore, it is of great interest to understand how obesity-induced stress modulates antioxidant enzyme activity during puberty. To this end, 27 severely obese adolescents (body mass index > 30, z-score > 3.7) were recruited from a paediatric weight management centre. Eighteen were recruited during the summer and nine in the winter. All underwent a 4-month weight loss programme consisting in diet and physical activity. Twenty normal-weight age-matched adolescents were recruited from the same geographical area to serve as controls. Blood samples were extracted, and antioxidant enzyme activities were determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and erythrocytes. The enzymes studied included catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Severely obese adolescents presented lower PBMC-glutathione reductase activity than their corresponding normal-weight counterparts. In addition, glutathione-dependent activities tended to be lower in both groups during the winter compared with summer. These changes coincided with differences in circulating vitamin D levels. Results may suggest that season-dependent factors such as vitamin D could affect glutathione-dependent activities in severely obese as well as in normal-weight adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Montero
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Alicante, Spain.,LaPEC, Faculty of Sciences, University of Avignon, Avignon, France
| | - Nestor Vicente-Salar
- Biochemistry and Cell Therapy Unit, Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Maria Herranz
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Vicente Micol
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Alicante, Spain.,CIBERobn (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Agnes Vinet
- LaPEC, Faculty of Sciences, University of Avignon, Avignon, France
| | - Enrique Roche
- CIBERobn (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. .,Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition, Alicante Institute for Health and Biomedical Research (ISABIAL-FISABIO Foundation), University Miguel Hernandez, Alicante, Spain. .,Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández, Avda de la Universidad, 03202, Elche, Spain.
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Colakoglu HE, Yazlik MO, Kaya U, Colakoglu EC, Kurt S, Oz B, Bayramoglu R, Vural MR, Kuplulu S. MDA and GSH-Px Activity in Transition Dairy Cows Under Seasonal Variations and their Relationship with Reproductive Performance. J Vet Res 2017; 61:497-502. [PMID: 29978115 PMCID: PMC5937350 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the blood glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels under seasonal variations in dairy cows during transition period, and to assess the relationship between chosen reproductive parameters, GSH-Px, and MDA. Material and Methods Holstein cows calving in January were assigned into winter group (n = 42), while cows calving in August were assigned into summer group (n = 42). Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein 21, 14, and 7 days before calving, at calving (0 day), and 7, 14, and 21 days after calving. Reproductive parameters obtained from farm records were evaluated. Results In both groups of cows, GSH-Px activity decreased from 21 days before calving to day 0, and it gradually continued to increase until 21 days after calving. GSH-Px activity was higher in winter group compared to summer group during the transition period (P < 0.05). MDA levels in both groups increased over time starting from 21 days before calving to 0 day, but it gradually decreased thereafter. MDA levels were higher in summer group compared to winter group during the transition periods (P < 0.05). Summer group of cows showed higher intervals of calving-to-oestrus, calving-to-conception, and higher insemination index (P < 0.01). Negative correlation was recorded between GSH-Px and MDA during all examination days (P < 0.01). MDA levels correlated with calving to conception interval on day 21 before calving and day 0 (P < 0.01) and insemination index on day 0 and 21 days after calving (P < 0.01). GSH-Px activity was negatively correlated with calving to conception interval on day 21 before calving, day 0, and 21 days (P < 0.01) after calving. Negative correlation on day 21 before calving and day 0 was also determined between GSH-Px and insemination index (P < 0.01). Conclusion This study showed that blood oxidant and antioxidant levels have affected the fertility parameters in cows under seasonal variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Esra Colakoglu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Onur Yazlik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Kaya
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ekrem Cagatay Colakoglu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ankara06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serdal Kurt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Oz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rustem Bayramoglu
- Veterinary Medicine, Farm Animal Management Practitioner, Western Thrace, Greece
| | - Mehmet Rifat Vural
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sukru Kuplulu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ankara, 06110, Ankara, Turkey
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Nikhil Kumar Tej J, Girish Varma G, Abhina M, Adarsh N, Karthiayini K, Gleeja VL. Impact of season on haematological and biochemical parameters of crossbred female calves in hot and humid tropics. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2017.1354486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Nikhil Kumar Tej
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | - G. Girish Varma
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | - M. Abhina
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | - N. Adarsh
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | - K. Karthiayini
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, India
| | - V. L. Gleeja
- Department of Statistics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Thrissur, India
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11
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Peron G, Uddin J, Stocchero M, Mammi S, Schievano E, Dall’Acqua S. Studying the effects of natural extracts with metabolomics: A longitudinal study on the supplementation of healthy rats with Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 140:62-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Grešner P, Świercz R, Król MB, Twardowska E, Gromadzińska J, Wąsowicz W. Does the Low-level occupational exposure to volatile organic compounds alter the seasonal variation of selected markers of oxidative stress? A case-control study in nail technicians. J Occup Med Toxicol 2016; 11:36. [PMID: 27453719 PMCID: PMC4957283 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-016-0125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In this study we tested whether the seasonal variations in levels of selected biomarkers of oxidative stress in female nail technicians occupationally exposed to low levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) differ significantly from those observed among healthy unexposed controls. Airborne levels of selected VOCs in nail salons were also analyzed and tested for associations with seasonal variations of the levels of biomarkers among nail technicians. Methods The study enrolled 145 female nail technicians and 145 healthy unexposed female controls. The airborne VOCs and levels of biomarkers were assessed by GC-MS chromatography and absorption/fluorescence spectrophotometry, respectively. Results Plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive species, ceruloplasmin, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and the SOD1/GPx1 activity ratio presented significant differences between the so-called “hot” and “cold” seasons in the case of nail technicians as well as in unexposed controls (p < <0.0001 for all four biomarkers). The pattern of these variations among nail technicians was found to be significantly different compared to that of the control subjects (p < <0.0001). Although such differences might intuitively be attributed to occupational exposure of nail technicians to VOCs, which was found to be higher during the “cold” season compared to the “hot” one, our study provided only limited evidence in favor of the hypothesis, that the different pattern of seasonal variations of biomarkers among nail technicians might have resulted from seasonal fluctuations in their occupational exposure to VOCs. Conclusion Further investigation is thus needed in order to elucidate the effect of low-level occupational exposure to VOCs on seasonal variations of biomarkers of oxidative stress. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12995-016-0125-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Grešner
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Świercz
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Beata Król
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ewa Twardowska
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jolanta Gromadzińska
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wąsowicz
- Department of Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, 8, Sw. Teresy str., 91-348 Lodz, Poland
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Gopalakrishanan S, Babu MR, Thangarajan R, Punja D, Jaganath VD, Kanth AB, Rao M, Rai KS. Impact of Seasonal Variant Temperatures and Laboratory Room Ambient Temperature on Mortality of Rats with Ischemic Brain Injury. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:CF01-5. [PMID: 27190796 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17372.7597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A popular rat model for hypoperfusion ischemic brain injury is bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO). BCCAO surgery when performed in varying geographical locations and during different seasons of the year is reported to have variable mortality rates. Studies have also documented the diminishing influence of Ketamine-Xylazine (KT-XY) on thermoregulatory functions in rodents. AIM To explore the impact of seasonal variant temperatures and laboratory room ambient temperatures on mortality of rats following BCCAO surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study has two parts: 1 The first part is an analysis of a three year retrospective data to explore the association between the geographical season (hot summer and cold winter) induced laboratory room ambient temperature variations and the mortality rate in KT-XY anaesthetized BCCAO rats. 2. The second part investigated the effect of conditioned laboratory room ambient temperature (CAT) (23-25(0)C) in KT-XY anaesthetized BCCAO group of rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups(n =8/group) as-Normal control, BCCAO and Sham BCCAO where they were all exposed to unconditioned ambient temperature (UCAT) during their surgery and postoperative care. And finally fourth group rats exposed to CAT during the BCCAO surgery and postoperative care. RESULTS Pearson's chi-square test indicates a significantly high association (p<0.006) between post-BCCAO mortality and hot season of the year. CAT during the hot season reduced the mortality rate (24% less) in post- BCCAO rats compared to the rats of UCAT. CONCLUSION Despite seasonal variations in temperature, conditioning the laboratory room ambient temperatures to 23-25(0)C, induces hypothermia in KT-XY anaesthetized ischemic brain injured rodents and improves their survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivakumar Gopalakrishanan
- Senior Grade Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , India
| | - Mg Ramesh Babu
- Senior Grade Lecturer, Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , India
| | - Rajesh Thangarajan
- Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , India
| | - Dhiren Punja
- Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal University , India
| | | | - Akriti B Kanth
- Student, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University , Manipal, India
| | - Mohandas Rao
- Professor, Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , India
| | - Kiranmai S Rai
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal University , India
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Chainy GBN, Paital B, Dandapat J. An Overview of Seasonal Changes in Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defence Parameters in Some Invertebrate and Vertebrate Species. SCIENTIFICA 2016; 2016:6126570. [PMID: 27127682 PMCID: PMC4834391 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6126570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant defence system, a highly conserved biochemical mechanism, protects organisms from harmful effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS), a by-product of metabolism. Both invertebrates and vertebrates are unable to modify environmental physical factors such as photoperiod, temperature, salinity, humidity, oxygen content, and food availability as per their requirement. Therefore, they have evolved mechanisms to modulate their metabolic pathways to cope their physiology with changing environmental challenges for survival. Antioxidant defences are one of such biochemical mechanisms. At low concentration, ROS regulates several physiological processes, whereas at higher concentration they are toxic to organisms because they impair cellular functions by oxidizing biomolecules. Seasonal changes in antioxidant defences make species able to maintain their correct ROS titre to take various physiological functions such as hibernation, aestivation, migration, and reproduction against changing environmental physical parameters. In this paper, we have compiled information available in the literature on seasonal variation in antioxidant defence system in various species of invertebrates and vertebrates. The primary objective was to understand the relationship between varied biological phenomena seen in different animal species and conserved antioxidant defence system with respect to seasons.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Biswaranjan Paital
- Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Jagneswar Dandapat
- Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, India
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Paital B, Panda SK, Hati AK, Mohanty B, Mohapatra MK, Kanungo S, Chainy GBN. Longevity of animals under reactive oxygen species stress and disease susceptibility due to global warming. World J Biol Chem 2016; 7:110-127. [PMID: 26981200 PMCID: PMC4768115 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v7.i1.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The world is projected to experience an approximate doubling of atmospheric CO2 concentration in the next decades. Rise in atmospheric CO2 level as one of the most important reasons is expected to contribute to raise the mean global temperature 1.4 °C-5.8 °C by that time. A survey from 128 countries speculates that global warming is primarily due to increase in atmospheric CO2 level that is produced mainly by anthropogenic activities. Exposure of animals to high environmental temperatures is mostly accompanied by unwanted acceleration of certain biochemical pathways in their cells. One of such examples is augmentation in generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent increase in oxidation of lipids, proteins and nucleic acids by ROS. Increase in oxidation of biomolecules leads to a state called as oxidative stress (OS). Finally, the increase in OS condition induces abnormality in physiology of animals under elevated temperature. Exposure of animals to rise in habitat temperature is found to boost the metabolism of animals and a very strong and positive correlation exists between metabolism and levels of ROS and OS. Continuous induction of OS is negatively correlated with survivability and longevity and positively correlated with ageing in animals. Thus, it can be predicted that continuous exposure of animals to acute or gradual rise in habitat temperature due to global warming may induce OS, reduced survivability and longevity in animals in general and poikilotherms in particular. A positive correlation between metabolism and temperature in general and altered O2 consumption at elevated temperature in particular could also increase the risk of experiencing OS in homeotherms. Effects of global warming on longevity of animals through increased risk of protein misfolding and disease susceptibility due to OS as the cause or effects or both also cannot be ignored. Therefore, understanding the physiological impacts of global warming in relation to longevity of animals will become very crucial challenge to biologists of the present millennium.
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Antitumor efficacy of tangeretin by targeting the oxidative stress mediated on 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced proliferative breast cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 75:263-72. [PMID: 25431347 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to assess the chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic efficacy of tangeretin on DMBA-induced oxidative stress in breast cancer-bearing Sprague-Dawley rats. METHODS In this study, the experimental animals were divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I was control, Group II was DMBA-induced breast cancer-bearing rats, Group III was tangeretin pre-treated (50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days orally) breast cancer-bearing animals, Group IV was tangeretin post-treated (50 mg/kg body weight for 30 days orally) and Group V was tangeretin (50 mg/kg body weight) alone treated animals. RESULTS We have observed the general characteristics of cancer, oxidative stress markers, breast cancer marker, antioxidants and histopathological changes in the experimental animals. We have recorded the body weight, tumor weights, tumor volume and antitumor activity of tangeretin in the experimental animals. Oxidative stress markers, like NO and LPO, and breast cancer marker CEA levels were significantly (p < 0.001, p < 0.05) increased as well as the antioxidants like SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GSH, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in cancer-bearing Group II animals. Whereas, the enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidant levels were found to be significantly decreased in cancer-bearing animals. However, in tangeretin pre-treated and post- treated animals, the levels of antioxidants and breast cancer marker were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) reduced with a concomitant increase in the activities of the antioxidants (p < 0.05). In tangeretin alone treated Group V animals, no significant changes were observed in the levels of antioxidants and breast cancer marker. These results were adequately supported by the histopathological studies in the mammary tissues of the experimental animals. CONCLUSION From this study, we conclude that the administration of tangeretin was found to be beneficial against DMBA-induced oxidative stress in breast cancer-bearing animals. Hence, we strongly suggest that tangeretin is effective and efficient candidate for the treatment of experimental breast cancer.
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Can metabolic impairments in experimental diabetes be cured with poly(amido)amine (PAMAM) G4 dendrimers? – In the search for minimizing of the adverse effects of PAMAM administration. Int J Pharm 2014; 464:152-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Basha PM, Sujitha NS. Combined influence of intermittent exercise and temperature stress on the modulation of fluoride toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2012; 148:69-75. [PMID: 22311083 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-012-9338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of the circumstantial evidences on the involvement of fluoride on the etiology and pathogenesis of fluorosis, several lines of evidences strongly indicate the influence of modulator factors such as duration of fluoride exposure, age, temperature, and physical activity. This study has been designed to investigate the combined influence of intermittent exercise and temperature stress on the modulation of fluoride toxicity. Three-month-old Wistar male rats were exposed to high sodium fluoride (600 ppm) through drinking water for 1 month and the rats were then subjected to swimming exercise at different temperatures (20°C, 25°C, 30°C, and 35°C). Oxidative stress indices analyzed showed fluoride-induced oxidative stress in biological tissues studied like brain, heart, liver, and kidney. Exercise regimen coupled with different temperatures were found to be effective in bringing the oxidative stress indices to near normal level indicating decreased free radical production which may be a compensatory mechanism to counteract against the detrimental effects of fluoride. Further, the deleterious effects of fluoride significantly reduced at 25°C and 30°C demonstrating that the thermoneutral temperatures were effective in reducing the toxicity level.
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Das A. Heat stress-induced hepatotoxicity and its prevention by resveratrol in rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2011; 21:393-9. [DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2010.550016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sinha S, Singh SN, Saha M, Kain TC, Tyagi AK. Antioxidant and oxidative stress responses of sojourners at high altitude in different climatic temperatures. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2010; 54:85-92. [PMID: 20099373 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-009-0257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
High altitude (HA) is a multi-stressor environment comprising hypobaric hypoxia and cold. Climatic temperature varies with seasonal variation at HA. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of ambient temperature on antioxidant profile among sojourners at HA. The study was conducted on sojourners exposed to an altitude of 4,560 m in two different seasons and categorized into two groups (SOJ 1, n=63, ambient temp. at HA: -6 degree to +10degreeC; SOJ 2, n=81, ambient temp. at HA: 3degree-22degreeC). Blood was collected at sea level (SL) and after 4 weeks of HA exposure. Antioxidant enzymes showed significant upregulation in SOJ 2 at HA. In SOJ 1, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase showed significant upregulation but catalase and glutathione reductase showed significant decrease at HA. Non-enzymatic antioxidants showed significant reduction in SOJ 1 whereas a sustained antioxidant profile was observed in SOJ 2 at HA. Oxidative stress markers showed higher levels in SOJ 1 than SOJ 2 at HA. Differences observed between SOJ 1 and SOJ 2 at HA may be the consequence of different environmental temperatures. Cold stress was higher in SOJ 1 as evidenced from the significantly lower oral temperature in SOJ 1 as compared to SOJ 2. Cold- and hypoxia-induced increase in energy expenditure was significantly high in SOJ 1 than SOJ 2. To conclude, chronic exposure to hypoxia in moderate climatic temperature has a potential preconditioning effect on antioxidant system, but exposure to both cold and hypoxia causes greater oxidative stress due to altered metabolic rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchari Sinha
- Environmental Physiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences Timarpur, Lucknow Road, Delhi 110054, India
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