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Zhang C, Guo X, Wang H, Dai X, Yan B, Wang S, Guo L. Induction and metabolomic analysis of hairy roots of Atractylodes lancea. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:6655-6670. [PMID: 37688598 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Atractylodes lancea is an important source of traditional Chinese medicines. Sesquiterpenoids are the key active compounds in A. lancea, and their presence determines the quality of the material. Hairy hoot (HR) culture is a potential method to produce medicinally active compounds industrially; however, the induction and metabolic profiling of A. lancea HR have not been reported. We found that optimal induction of A. lancea HR was achieved by Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain C58C1 using the young leaves of tissue culture seedlings in the rooting stage as explants. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analyses of the chemical compositions of HR and normal root (NR) led to the annotation of 1046 metabolites. Over 200 differentially accumulated metabolites were identified, with 41 found to be up-regulated in HR relative to NR and 179 down-regulated in HR. Specifically, atractylodin levels were higher in HR, while the levels of β-eudesmol and hinesol were higher in NR. Metabolic pathway analyses showed a significant difference in metabolites of the shikimate acid pathway between HR and NR. Five A. lancea compounds are potential biomarkers for evaluation of HR and NR quality. This study provides an important reference for the application of HR for the production of medicinally active compounds. KEY POINTS: • We established an efficient protocol for the induction of HR in A. lancea • HR was found to have a significantly higher amount of atractylodin than did NRs • Metabolic pathway analyses showed a significant difference in metabolites of the shikimate acid pathway between HR and NR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuzhi Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Dai
- Dexing Research and Training Center of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dexing, 334220, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
- Dexing Research and Training Center of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dexing, 334220, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
- Dexing Research and Training Center of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dexing, 334220, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China.
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Lai CC, Pan H, Zhang J, Wang Q, Que QX, Pan R, Lai ZX, Lai GT. Light Quality Modulates Growth, Triggers Differential Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds, and Changes the Total Antioxidant Capacity in the Red Callus of Vitis davidii. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:13264-13278. [PMID: 36216360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Light quality is one of the key elicitors that directly affect plant cell growth and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In this study, the red callus of spine grape was cultured under nine light qualities (namely, dark, white, red, yellow, blue, green, purple, warm-yellow, and warm-white light). The effects of different light qualities were studied on callus growth, accumulation of phenolic compounds, and total antioxidant capacity of the red callus of spine grape. The results showed that blue and purple light induced increased red coloration in the callus, whereas yellow light induced the greatest callus proliferation. Among all of the light quality treatments, darkness treatment downregulated the contents of phenolic compounds, whereas blue light was the treatment most conducive to the accumulation of total phenolics. White, blue, and purple light induced increased anthocyanin accumulation. Mixed-wavelength light was beneficial to the accumulation of flavonoids. Blue and purple light were conducive to the accumulation of proanthocyanidins. A further study showed that cyanidin 3-glucoside (Cy3G) and peonidin 3-glucoside (P3G) were the main anthocyanin components in the callus, and blue, purple, and white light treatments promoted their accumulation, whereas flavan-3-ols and flavonols were the main components of non-anthocyanin phenolics, and their accumulation changed in response to not only light quality but also culture duration. The total antioxidant capacity of the callus cultures changed significantly in response to different light qualities. These results will provide evidence for an abiotic elicitor strategy to stimulate callus growth and enhance the accumulation of the main phenolic compounds in the red callus of spine grape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chun Lai
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Hong Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
| | - Qiu-Xia Que
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Ruo Pan
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Zhong-Xiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Gong-Ti Lai
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Product (Food) Processing, Fuzhou 350003, Fujian, China
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3
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Yao D, Yu Q, Xu L, Su T, Ma L, Wang X, Wu M, Li Z, Zhang D, Wang C. Wheat supplement with buckwheat affect gut microbiome composition and circulate short-chain fatty acids. Front Nutr 2022; 9:952738. [PMID: 36147303 PMCID: PMC9486400 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.952738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Buckwheat has beneficial effects on human intestinal health, which is often compounded with wheat to make food. Therefore, the effect of cereals mixture via in vitro fermentation on gut microbes and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were investigated in this study. The mixture of wheat and tartary buckwheat (WT) produced more lactate and acetate, and the mixture of wheat and sweet buckwheat (WE) produced more propionate and butyrate. Compared with wheat (WA), the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria significantly increased, such as Sutterella in WT and Faecalibacterium in WE. Cereals mixture also affected the expression of functional genes, involved in metabolic pathways and carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) that modulated SCFAs generation. This study provides new insights into the effects of sweet and tartary buckwheat on intestinal function, which is beneficial to applying both types of buckwheat in practical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yao
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- *Correspondence: Di Yao,
| | - Qiaoru Yu
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Tingting Su
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Lixue Ma
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Mengna Wu
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhijiang Li
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Engineering Research Center for Coarse Cereals Processing and Quality Safety, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing and Quality Safety of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Heilongjiang Engineering Research Center for Coarse Cereals Processing and Quality Safety, Daqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing and Quality Safety of Heilongjiang Province, Daqing, China
| | - Changyuan Wang
- College of Food, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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4
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Gabr AM, Fayek NM, Mahmoud HM, El-Bahr MK, Ebrahim HS, Sytar O, El-Halawany AM. Effect of Light Quality and Media Components on Shoot Growth, Rutin, and Quercetin Production from Common Buckwheat. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26566-26572. [PMID: 35936463 PMCID: PMC9352154 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) seeds are important nutritious grains that are widely spread in several human food products and livestock feed. Their health benefits are mainly due to their bioactive phenolic compounds, especially rutin and quercetin, which have a positive impact on heart health, weight loss, and diabetes management. In this study, we evaluated different media and light treatments for the in vitro cultures of common buckwheat (CB) in order to find the most optimum one producing the highest yield with the highest purity of these compounds. The subcultured treated samples included in this study were shoots, leaves, stems, hairy roots, and calli. From the several treated samples and under different light stress conditions, the best production was achieved by growing the shoots of common buckwheat in hormone-free media containing activated charcoal and exposing to blue light, attaining 4.3 mg and 7.0 mg/g of extracts of rutin and quercetin, respectively, compared to 3.7 mg of rutin/g of extract and traces of quercetin in the seeds of CB. Continuous multiplication of CB shoots in the media containing charcoal and different concentrations of kinetin produced an extract with 161 mg/g of rutin and 26 mg/g of quercetin with an almost 20-fold increase in rutin content. The rutin content under these conditions reached up to 16% w/w of the extract. The hairy root cultures of the leaves exposed to red light showed a significantly high yield of quercetin attaining 10 mg/g of extract. Large-scale production of CB shootlets under the best conditions were carried out, which enabled the isolation of pure quercetin and rutin using a simple chromatographic procedure. The identity and purity of the isolated compounds were confirmed through NMR and HPLC analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed
M. M. Gabr
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Nesrin M. Fayek
- Pharmacognosy
Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam M. Mahmoud
- Nawah
Scientific Co., Egypt, Almokattam Mall, Street 9, El Mokattam 11562, Egypt
| | - Mohamed K. El-Bahr
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Hanan S. Ebrahim
- Department
of Plant Biotechnology, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Plant
Biology Department, Educational and Scientifc Center “Institute
of Biology and Medicine”, Taras Shevchenko
National University of Kyiv, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
- Department
of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural
University in Nitra, Trieda Andreja Hlinku 2, 94976 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Ali M. El-Halawany
- Pharmacognosy
Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El Aini street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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5
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Iqbal Z, Javad S, Naz S, Shah AA, Shah AN, Paray BA, Gulnaz A, Abdelsalam NR. Elicitation of the in vitro Cultures of Selected Varieties of Vigna radiata L. With Zinc Oxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Phytochemicals Production. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:908532. [PMID: 35958222 PMCID: PMC9360770 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.908532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to develop a protocol for in vitro shoot multiplication and callus induction of various mung bean varieties to obtain enhanced phytochemical content with the help of elicitors. For shoot multiplication, two types of explants (shoot tips and nodal tips) of three varieties of mung bean (Mung NCM-13, MgAT-7, and MgAT-4) were used. Both types of explants from in vitro and in vivo sources were cultured on the MS medium supplemented with different concentrations (0.25-3.0 mg/L, increment of 0.5 mg/L) and combinations of BAP and IBA as independent treatments. For callus induction, leaf explants (in vitro source) were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (1-3 mg/L) alone or in combination with BAP or NAA (0.5 and 1.0 mg/L). For the enhanced production of phenolics and glycosides, calli were cultured on MS media supplemented with zinc oxide (0.5 mg/L) and copper oxide nanoparticles (0.5 mg/L) as nano-elicitors. Results showed that in vitro explants responded better in terms of shoot length, number of shoots, and number of leaves per explant when compared to in vivo explants. Moreover, shoot tips were better than nodal explants to in vitro culturing parameters. All three varieties showed the optimized results in the MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP, while roots were produced only in cultures fortified with 1 mg/L IBA. The leaf explants of in vitro and soil-grown plantlets showed a maximum callogenic response of 90 and 80%, respectively, on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D (3 mg/ml). Maximum phenolic content (101.4 μg of gallic acid equivalent/g) and glycoside content (34 mg of amygdalin equivalent/g of plant material) was observed in the calli cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg/L of 2,4-D. Furthermore, the addition of zinc oxide (0.5 mg/L) and copper oxide (0.5 mg/L) nanoparticles to the callus culture medium significantly enhanced the phenolic content of Mung NCM-13 (26%), MgAT-7 (25.6%), and MgAT-4 (22.7%). Glycosidic content was also found to be increased in Mung NCM-13 (50%), MgAT-7 (37.5%), and MgAT-4 (25%) varieties when compared to the control. It is suggested that elicitation of in vitro cultures of mung beans with nanoparticles could be an effective strategy for the enhanced production of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunera Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Naz
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Ahmad Paray
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aneela Gulnaz
- College of Pharmacy, Woosuk University, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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6
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Abdulhafiz F. Plant Cell Culture Technologies: A promising alternatives to Produce High-Value Secondary Metabolites. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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7
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Wang Y, Nie Z, Ma T. The Effects of Plasma-Activated Water Treatment on the Growth of Tartary Buckwheat Sprouts. Front Nutr 2022; 9:849615. [PMID: 35284468 PMCID: PMC8908094 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.849615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the effects of buckwheat sprout treated with plasma-activated water (PAW) and their quality, nutrients (protein, amino acids, fat, and carbohydrates), functional active ingredients (total flavonoids, total phenolic acids, γ-gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), and polysaccharides), and antioxidant activity during germination. PAW had no negative effects on the germination rate, but promoted the stem growth instead, which indicated 1.12-fold higher germination rate compared with the control group. The results of sensory evaluation demonstrated that the obtained sprouts were bright green, shinning, crisp and smooth, with sufficient moisture, and easy to chew. During germination (1–9 days), the water content, amino acids, and reducing sugars of sprouts showed an increasing trend and were basically higher in the PAW group than in the control group, while protein, carbohydrate, and crude fat presented a decreasing trend. The results were that the flavonoid, phenolic acid, γ-GABA, polysaccharides content, and antioxidant activity during germination showed a gradual upward trend but with slight differences, and the antioxidant properties of buckwheat sprouts might be related to the phenolic acid and polysaccharides content. These data show that the PAW treatment on buckwheat sprout have great potential as a dietary source of antioxidant function with health benefits.
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8
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Tomasiak A, Zhou M, Betekhtin A. Buckwheat in Tissue Culture Research: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:2298. [PMID: 35216414 PMCID: PMC8876565 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Buckwheat is a member of a genus of 23 species, where the two most common species are Fagopyrum esculentum (common buckwheat) and Fagopyrum tataricum (Tartary buckwheat). This pseudocereal is a source of micro and macro nutrients, such as gluten-free proteins and amino acids, fatty acids, bioactive compounds, dietary fibre, fagopyrins, vitamins and minerals. It is gaining increasing attention due to its health-promoting properties. Buckwheat is widely susceptible to in vitro conditions which are used to study plantlet regeneration, callus induction, organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, and the synthesis of phenolic compounds. This review summarises the development of buckwheat in in vitro culture and describes protocols for the regeneration of plantlets from various explants and differing concentrations of plant growth regulators. It also describes callus induction protocols as well as the role of calli in plantlet regeneration. Protocols for establishing hairy root cultures with the use of Agrobacterium rhizogens are useful in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as protocols used for transgenic plants. The review also focuses on the future prospects of buckwheat in tissue culture and the challenges researchers are addressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Tomasiak
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska St., 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Room 405, National Crop Genebank Building, Zhongguancun South Street No. 12, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Alexander Betekhtin
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska St., 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
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9
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Study of hairy root formation and plant regeneration in Nicotiana tabaccum. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-01002-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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10
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Bohdanovych TA, Shakhovsky AM, Duplij VP, Ratushnyak YI, Kuchuk MV, Poyedinok NL, Matvieieva NA. Effects of Genetic Transformation on the Antioxidant Activity of “Hairy” Roots of Althaea officinalis L., Artemisia vulgaris L., and Artemisia tilesii Ledeb. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721060037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Huda MN, Lu S, Jahan T, Ding M, Jha R, Zhang K, Zhang W, Georgiev MI, Park SU, Zhou M. Treasure from garden: Bioactive compounds of buckwheat. Food Chem 2020; 335:127653. [PMID: 32739818 PMCID: PMC7378508 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
An extensive review on diverse bioactive components of buckwheat. Versatile beneficial phytochemicals are abundant in buckwheat. Buckwheat has a wide range of pharmacological and beneficial health effects. Huge research scope on Fagopyrum cymosum to identify the beneficial phytochemicals.
Buckwheat is a gluten-free crop under the family Polygonaceae abundant with beneficial phytochemicals that provide significant health benefits. It is cultivated and adapted in diverse ecological zones all over the world. Recently its popularity is expanding as a nutrient-rich healthy food with low-calories. The bioactive compounds in buckwheat are flavonoids (i.e., rutin, quercetin, orientin, isoorientin, vitexin, and isovitexin), fatty acids, polysaccharides, proteins, and amino acids, iminosugars, dietary fiber, fagopyrins, resistant starch, vitamins, and minerals. Buckwheat possesses high nutritional value due to these bioactive compounds. Additionally, several essential bioactive factors that have long been gaining interest because these compounds are beneficial for healing and preventing several human diseases. The present review demonstrates an overview of the recent researches regarding buckwheat phytochemicals and particularly focusing on the distinct function of bioactive components with their health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Nurul Huda
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shuai Lu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Tanzim Jahan
- Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80208, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mengqi Ding
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-754, Republic of Korea
| | - Rintu Jha
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-754, Republic of Korea.
| | - Meiliang Zhou
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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12
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Kohsari S, Rezayian M, Niknam V, Mirmasoumi M. Antioxidative enzymes activities and accumulation of steroids in hairy roots of Trigonella. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 26:281-288. [PMID: 32158135 PMCID: PMC7036396 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-019-00753-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal sapogenins and phytosterols are a group of secondary metabolites which are very considerable in the pharmaceutical industry. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) is the good source of these compounds. In recent decades, there is a great interest to production of these compounds by cultivation of transformed roots. In present study, hairy roots induction in two Trigonella species (T. foenum-graeceum, T. monantha) with three strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes (15,834, A4 and wt) was investigated. Transgenic status of roots was confirmed by PCR using rolB specific primers. Virulence of these strains was examined on explants of leaf, leaf cotyledone and hypocotyle in both species. The best strain was wt for hairy root induction in hypocotyle and leaf explants of T. foenum-graeceum and T. monantha. Significant quantitative differences were showed between shoot, root and hairy roots in both species. Protein content in root and hairy root of both species was significantly lower in comparison with shoot. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX) activities in hairy roots of both species were higher as compared to other organs. The hairy roots of both species showed an ability to synthesize steroidal sapogenins. These results presented that hairy roots could be a suitable procedure for producing sapogenins compounds that have medicinal value in Trigonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Kohsari
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191 Iran
| | - Maryam Rezayian
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191 Iran
| | - Vahid Niknam
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191 Iran
- Center of Excellence in Medicinal Plant Metabolites, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, 1411713116 Iran
| | - Masoud Mirmasoumi
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, 1417466191 Iran
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