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Shomali A, Das S, Sarraf M, Johnson R, Janeeshma E, Kumar V, Aliniaeifard S, Puthur JT, Hasanuzzaman M. Modulation of plant photosynthetic processes during metal and metalloid stress, and strategies for manipulating photosynthesis-related traits. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108211. [PMID: 38029618 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Metals constitute vital elements for plant metabolism and survival, acting as essential co-factors in cellular processes which are indispensable for plant growth and survival. Excess or deficient provision of metal/metalloids puts plant's life and survival at risk, thus considered a potent stress for plants. Chloroplasts as an organelle with a high metal demand form a pivotal site within the metal homeostasis network. Therefore, the metal-mediated electron transport chain (ETC) in chloroplasts is a primary target site of metal/metalloid-induced stresses. Both excess and deficient availability of metal/metalloids threatens plant's photosynthesis in several ways. Energy demands from the photosynthetic carbon reactions should be in balance with energy output of ETC. Malfunctioning of ETC components as a result of metal/metalloid stress initiates photoinhiition. A feedback inhibition from carbon fixation process also impedes the ETC. Metal stress impairs antioxidant enzyme activity, pigment biosynthesis, and stomatal function. However, genetic manipulations, nutrient management, keeping photostasis, and application of phytohormones are among strategies for coping with metal stress. Consequently, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of metal/metalloid stress, as well as the exploration of potential strategies to mitigate its impact on plants are imperative. This review offers a mechanistic insight into the disruption of photosynthesis regulation by metal/metalloids and highlights adaptive approaches to ameliorate their effects on plants. Focus was made on photostasis, nutrient interactions, phytohormones, and genetic interventions for mitigating metal/metalloid stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Controlled Environment Agriculture Center, College of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Susmita Das
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India
| | - Mohammad Sarraf
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Riya Johnson
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Edappayil Janeeshma
- Department of Botany, MES KEVEEYAM College, Valanchery, Malappuram, Kerala, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government College for Women Gandhi Nagar, Jammu 180004, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, College of Agricultural Technology (Aburaihan), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Jos T Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala 673635, India
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Barathi S, Lee J, Venkatesan R, Vetcher AA. Current Status of Biotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals in India-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3816. [PMID: 38005713 PMCID: PMC10675783 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Rising waste construction, agricultural actions, and manufacturing sewages all contribute to heavy metal accumulation in water resources. Humans consume heavy metals-contaminated substances to make sustenance, which equally ends up in the food circle. Cleaning of these vital properties, along with the prevention of new pollution, has long been required to evade negative strength consequences. Most wastewater treatment techniques are widely acknowledged to be costly and out of the grasp of governments and small pollution mitigation businesses. Utilizing hyper-accumulator plants that are extremely resilient to heavy metals in the environment/soil, phytoremediation is a practical and promising method for eliminating heavy metals from contaminated environments. This method extracts, degrades, or detoxifies harmful metals using green plants. The three phytoremediation techniques of phytostabilization, phytoextraction, and phytovolatilization have been used extensively for soil remediation. Regarding their ability to be used on a wide scale, conventional phytoremediation methods have significant limitations. Hence, biotechnological attempts to change plants for heavy metal phytoremediation methods are extensively investigated in order to increase plant effectiveness and possible use of improved phytoremediation approaches in the country of India. This review focuses on the advances and significance of phytoremediation accompanied by the removal of various harmful heavy metal contaminants. Similarly, sources, heavy metals status in India, impacts on nature and human health, and variables influencing the phytoremediation of heavy metals have all been covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Barathi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Raja Venkatesan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Alexandre A. Vetcher
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia;
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Kumari A, Mandzhieva SS, Minkina TM, Rajput VD, Shuvaeva VA, Nevidomskaya DG, Kirichkov MV, Veligzhanin AA, Svetogorov RD, Khramov EV, Ahmed B, Singh J. Speciation of macro- and nanoparticles of Cr 2O 3 in Hordeum vulgare L. and subsequent toxicity: A comparative study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115485. [PMID: 36775087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is reported to be hazardous to environmental components and surrounding biota when levels exceed allowable thresholds. As Cr is extensively utilized in different industries, thereby comprehensively studied for its toxicity. Along with Cr, the applications of nano-Cr or chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr2O3-NPs) are also expanding; however, the literature is scarce or limited on their phytotoxicity. Thereby, the current work investigated the morpho-physiological insights of macro- and nanoparticles of Cr in Hordeum vulgare L. plants. The increased accumulation and translocation of Cr under the exposure of both forms disturbed the cellular metabolism that might have inhibited germination and growth as well as interfered with the photosynthesis of plants. The overall extent of toxicity was noticeably higher under nanoparticles' exposure than macroparticles of Cr. The potential cue for such phytotoxic consequences mediated by Cr nanoparticles could be an increased bioavailability of Cr ions which was also supported by their total content, mobility, and factor toxicity index. Besides, to support further these findings, synchrotron X-ray technique was used to reliably identify Cr-containing compounds in the plant tissues. The X-ray spectra of the near spectral region and the far region of the spectrum of K-edge of Cr were obtained, and it was established that the dominant crystalline phase corresponds to Cr2O3 (eskolaite) from the recorded observations. Thus, the obtained results would allow revealing the mechanism of macro- and nanoparticles of Cr induced impacts on plant at the tissue, cellular- and sub-cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpna Kumari
- Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexei A Veligzhanin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Rоman D Svetogorov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Evgeniy V Khramov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Pl. Akademika Kurchatova 1, Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Bilal Ahmed
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jagpreet Singh
- University Centre for Research & Development Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
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Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) waste produced by chrome plating activities pollutes the surrounding environment and harms human health. However, information about the chromium (Cr) pollution characteristics of actual electroplating sites is still lacking. In this study, the concentration, leachability and speciation of Cr in soils from a typical chrome plating site were analyzed. Our results showed that this site was severely contaminated by Cr (7.2 to 7735.2 mg/kg) and Cr(VI) reached the mean concentration of 138.7 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cr(VI) was related to the plating processes. Chrome plating and sewage treatment areas could be considered as the hot spots of contaminated sites. The vertical distribution of Cr(VI) was mainly affected by soil properties, where the loam layer retained and reduced a large amount of Cr(VI) due to its high content of iron minerals and finer particle fractions. Additionally, the chemical extraction results showed that Cr was mainly in non-residual fractions and the existence of Cr(VI) led to a high leaching toxicity based on the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results revealed the speciation of Cr in the long-term contaminated soils. A large amount of Cr(VI) was reduced into Cr(III) and mainly existed as Cr(OH)3 and Cr2O3. Furthermore, Cr(VI) tended to precipitate as CaCrO4 and persisted in soils. Therefore, it is necessary to find appropriate strategies to remediate these contaminated soils. Overall, these findings strengthen our understanding of Cr(VI) behaviors and lay a foundation for the future pollution investigation, ecological remediation and risk assessment of sites contaminated by electroplating.
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Chocobar-Ponce S, Prado C, Tabernero R, Ilina N, Pagano E, Ramallo López JM, Mizrahi MD, Rosa M. The reduction of Cr(VI) in Salvinia minima, possible involvement of an h-type thioredoxin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:3958-3966. [PMID: 34613547 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15967-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is extremely toxic to plant cells and has been recognized to possess a high redox potential. Tolerant plant species have shown the ability to reduce Cr(VI), but the operating mechanism involved in this process is not elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the possible involvement of thiolic and phenolic compounds and thioredoxin expression during Cr(VI) reduction in S. minima. In addition, a probable enzymatic reduction of Cr(VI) was investigated. Plants were exposed to 20 mg L-1 Cr(VI) concentration during 7 days under controlled conditions. The amount of metal accumulated in lacinias (root-like submerged leaves) and fronds (floating leaves) indicated that a low percentage of absorbed Cr(VI) was mobilized from lacinias to fronds. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analysis revealed that Cr(III) was the only chromium species occurring in S. minima plants. Thiols and phenolics of lacinias and fronds were increased significantly by Cr(VI) treatment, but accumulation patterns were different. The expression of an h-type thioredoxin (Trx h) was demonstrated for the first time in Cr-exposed lacinias. Enzymatic reduction showed a low contribution to the Cr(VI) reduction. Data of this study provide evidences on the involvement of thiols, thioredoxin, and phenolics in the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) in S. minima tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Chocobar-Ponce
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV), CONICET-UNT. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Carolina Prado
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV), CONICET-UNT. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Romina Tabernero
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV), CONICET-UNT. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Natalia Ilina
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Pagano
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biociencias Agrícolas y Ambientales (INBA), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José M Ramallo López
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Martín D Mizrahi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Rosa
- Instituto de Bioprospección y Fisiología Vegetal (INBIOFIV), CONICET-UNT. Cátedra de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Tucumán, Argentina.
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