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Fang XL, Cao XP, Xiao J, Hu Y, Chen M, Raza HK, Wang HY, He X, Gu JF, Zhang KJ. Overview of role of survivin in cancer: expression, regulation, functions, and its potential as a therapeutic target. J Drug Target 2024; 32:223-240. [PMID: 38252514 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2309563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Survivin holds significant importance as a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family due to its predominant expression in tumours rather than normal terminally differentiated adult tissues. The high expression level of survivin in tumours is closely linked to chemotherapy resistance, heightened tumour recurrence, and increased tumour aggressiveness and serves as a negative prognostic factor for cancer patients. Consequently, survivin has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment. In this review, we delve into the various biological characteristics of survivin in cancers and its pivotal role in maintaining immune system homeostasis. Additionally, we explore different therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting survivin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Long Fang
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue-Ping Cao
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Hu
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Mian Chen
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Hafiz Khuram Raza
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Huai-Yuan Wang
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xu He
- Department of Stomatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Fa Gu
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Kang-Jian Zhang
- Academician Expert Workstation of Fengxian District, Shanghai Yuansong Biotechnology Limited Company, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Smart Biomedical Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
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Rachamala HK, Madamsetty VS, Angom RS, Nakka NM, Dutta SK, Wang E, Mukhopadhyay D, Pal K. Targeting mTOR and survivin concurrently potentiates radiation therapy in renal cell carcinoma by suppressing DNA damage repair and amplifying mitotic catastrophe. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:159. [PMID: 38840237 PMCID: PMC11155143 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03079-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was historically considered to be less responsive to radiation therapy (RT) compared to other cancer indications. However, advancements in precision high-dose radiation delivery through single-fraction and multi-fraction stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) have led to better outcomes and reduced treatment-related toxicities, sparking renewed interest in using RT to treat RCC. Moreover, numerous studies have revealed that certain therapeutic agents including chemotherapies can increase the sensitivity of tumors to RT, leading to a growing interest in combining these treatments. Here, we developed a rational combination of two radiosensitizers in a tumor-targeted liposomal formulation for augmenting RT in RCC. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of a tumor-targeted liposomal formulation combining the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (E) with the survivin inhibitor YM155 (Y) in enhancing the sensitivity of RCC tumors to radiation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We slightly modified our previously published tumor-targeted liposomal formulation to develop a rational combination of E and Y in a single liposomal formulation (EY-L) and assessed its efficacy in RCC cell lines in vitro and in RCC tumors in vivo. We further investigated how well EY-L sensitizes RCC cell lines and tumors toward radiation and explored the underlying mechanism of radiosensitization. RESULTS EY-L outperformed the corresponding single drug-loaded formulations E-L and Y-L in terms of containing primary tumor growth and improving survival in an immunocompetent syngeneic mouse model of RCC. EY-L also exhibited significantly higher sensitization of RCC cells towards radiation in vitro than E-L and Y-L. Additionally, EY-L sensitized RCC tumors towards radiation therapy in xenograft and murine RCC models. EY-L mediated induction of mitotic catastrophe via downregulation of multiple cell cycle checkpoints and DNA damage repair pathways could be responsible for the augmentation of radiation therapy. CONCLUSION Taken together, our study demonstrated the efficacy of a strategic combination therapy in sensitizing RCC to radiation therapy via inhibition of DNA damage repair and a substantial increase in mitotic catastrophe. This combination therapy may find its use in the augmentation of radiation therapy during the treatment of RCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari K Rachamala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Vijay S Madamsetty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- PolyARNA Therapeutics, One Kendal Square, Cambridge, MA, 01329, USA
| | - Ramcharan S Angom
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Naga M Nakka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Shamit Kumar Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Enfeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Debabrata Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
| | - Krishnendu Pal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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Rachamala HK, Madamsetty VS, Angom RS, Nakka NM, Kumar Dutta S, Wang E, Mukhopadhyay D, Pal K. Targeting mTOR and Survivin Concurrently Potentiates Radiation Therapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma by Suppressing DNA Damage Repair and Amplifying Mitotic Catastrophe. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3770403. [PMID: 38196607 PMCID: PMC10775360 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3770403/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was historically considered to be less responsive to radiation therapy (RT) compared to other cancer indications. However, advancements in precision high-dose radiation delivery through single-fraction and multi-fraction stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) have led to better outcomes and reduced treatment-related toxicities, sparking renewed interest in using RT to treat RCC. Moreover, numerous studies have revealed that certain therapeutic agents including chemotherapies can increase the sensitivity of tumors to RT, leading to a growing interest in combining these treatments. Here, we developed a rational combination of two radiosensitizers in a tumor-targeted liposomal formulation for augmenting RT in RCC. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of a tumor-targeted liposomal formulation combining the mTOR inhibitor everolimus (E) with the survivin inhibitor YM155 (Y) in enhancing the sensitivity of RCC tumors to radiation. Experimental Design We slightly modified our previously published tumor-targeted liposomal formulation to develop a rational combination of E and Y in a single liposomal formulation (EY-L) and assessed its efficacy in RCC cell lines in vitro and in RCC tumors in vivo. We further investigated how well EY-L sensitizes RCC cell lines and tumors toward radiation and explored the underlying mechanism of radiosensitization. Results EY-L outperformed the corresponding single drug-loaded formulations E-L and Y-L in terms of containing primary tumor growth and improving survival in an immunocompetent syngeneic mouse model of RCC. EY-L also exhibited significantly higher sensitization of RCC cells towards radiation in vitro than E-L and Y-L. Additionally, EY-L sensitized RCC tumors towards radiation therapy in xenograft and murine RCC models. EY-L mediated induction of mitotic catastrophe via downregulation of multiple cell cycle checkpoints and DNA damage repair pathways could be responsible for the augmentation of radiation therapy. Conclusion Taken together, our study demonstrated the efficacy of a strategic combination therapy in sensitizing RCC to radiation therapy via inhibition of DNA damage repair and a substantial increase in mitotic catastrophe. This combination therapy may find its use in the augmentation of radiation therapy during the treatment of RCC patients.
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Jafarzadeh A, Bazargan N, Chatrabnous N, Jafarzadeh S, Nemati M. Contribution of survivin to the immune system, allergies and autoimmune diseases. Hum Immunol 2023; 84:301-310. [PMID: 36754653 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
In addition to malignancies, survivin (a member of the apoptosis inhibitor family) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory disorders, including autoimmune and allergic diseases. Survivin is constantly expressed in the proliferating hematopoietic progenitor cells, and it is re-expressed in the mature cells of the innate and adaptive immunity, upon activation. Survivin enhances the expression of co-stimulatory molecules and MHC class II molecules in dendritic cells, and promotes the lifespan of macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils, while suppressing natural killer (NK) cell activity. Survivin has been implicated in T cell maturation, T cell expansion, effector CD4+ T cell differentiation, maintenance of memory CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells, as well as antibody production. Upregulated expression of survivin was indicated in the T cells as well as various samples collected from allergic patients. Survivin can contribute to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases via the promotion of the Th2 polarization, promoting IL-4 expression, compromising activation-induced cell death (AICD) in Th2 cells, and preventing apoptosis of eosinophils, as well as, amplification of eosinophilia. Moreover, survivin can interfere with clonal deletion of autoreactive T and B cells, as well as suppress Treg cell development and activity supporting the development of autoimmune diseases. This review discusses the role of survivin in immunity, allergy and autoimmunity as well as provides evidence that survivin may be considered as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of allergic and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
| | - Nasrin Bazargan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Nazanin Chatrabnous
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Haematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Ferguson Bennit HR, Gonda A, Kabagwira J, Oppegard L, Chi D, Licero Campbell J, De Leon M, Wall NR. Natural Killer Cell Phenotype and Functionality Affected by Exposure to Extracellular Survivin and Lymphoma-Derived Exosomes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1255. [PMID: 33513976 PMCID: PMC7865330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The inherent abilities of natural killer (NK) cells to recognize and kill target cells place them among the first cells with the ability to recognize and destroy infected or transformed cells. Cancer cells, however, have mechanisms by which they can inhibit the surveillance and cytotoxic abilities of NK cells with one believed mechanism for this: their ability to release exosomes. Exosomes are vesicles that are found in abundance in the tumor microenvironment that can modulate intercellular communication and thus enhance tumor malignancy. Recently, our lab has found cancer cell exosomes to contain the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein survivin to be associated with decreased immune response in lymphocytes and cellular death. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of survivin and lymphoma-derived survivin-containing exosomes on the immune functions of NK cells. NK cells were obtained from the peripheral blood of healthy donors and treated with pure survivin protein or exosomes from two lymphoma cell lines, DLCL2 and FSCCL. RNA was isolated from NK cell samples for measurement by PCR, and intracellular flow cytometry was used to determine protein expression. Degranulation capacity, cytotoxicity, and natural killer group 2D receptor (NKG2D) levels were also assessed. Lymphoma exosomes were examined for size and protein content. This study established that these lymphoma exosomes contained survivin and FasL but were negative for MHC class I-related chains (MIC)/B (MICA/B) and TGF-β. Treatment with exosomes did not significantly alter NK cell functionality, but extracellular survivin was seen to decrease natural killer group 2D receptor (NKG2D) levels and the intracellular protein levels of perforin, granzyme B, TNF-α, and IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather R. Ferguson Bennit
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (H.R.F.B.); (A.G.); (J.K.); (L.O.); (D.C.)
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11085 Campus Street, Mortensen Hall 160, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (J.L.C.); (M.D.L.)
| | - Amber Gonda
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (H.R.F.B.); (A.G.); (J.K.); (L.O.); (D.C.)
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11085 Campus Street, Mortensen Hall 160, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (J.L.C.); (M.D.L.)
| | - Janviere Kabagwira
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (H.R.F.B.); (A.G.); (J.K.); (L.O.); (D.C.)
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11085 Campus Street, Mortensen Hall 160, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (J.L.C.); (M.D.L.)
| | - Laura Oppegard
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (H.R.F.B.); (A.G.); (J.K.); (L.O.); (D.C.)
| | - David Chi
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (H.R.F.B.); (A.G.); (J.K.); (L.O.); (D.C.)
| | - Jenniffer Licero Campbell
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11085 Campus Street, Mortensen Hall 160, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (J.L.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Marino De Leon
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11085 Campus Street, Mortensen Hall 160, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (J.L.C.); (M.D.L.)
- Division of Physiology, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Nathan R. Wall
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (H.R.F.B.); (A.G.); (J.K.); (L.O.); (D.C.)
- Center for Health Disparities & Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Science, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, 11085 Campus Street, Mortensen Hall 160, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA; (J.L.C.); (M.D.L.)
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Galloway NR, Ball KF, Stiff T, Wall NR. Yin Yang 1 (YY1): Regulation of Survivin and Its Role In Invasion and Metastasis. Crit Rev Oncog 2019; 22:23-36. [PMID: 29604934 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2017020836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant clinical and basic science advancements, cancer remains a devastating disease that affects people of all ages, races, and backgrounds. The pathogenesis of cancer has recently been described to result from eight biological capabilities or hallmarks and two enabling characteristics. These eight hallmarks are: deregulation of cellular energetics, avoiding immune destruction, enabling replicative immortality, inducing angiogenesis, sustaining proliferative signaling, evading growth suppressors, resisting cell death, and activating invasion and metastasis. The enabling characteristics are: genome instability and mutation and tumor-promoting inflammation. Survivin, the fourth most common transcript found in cancer cells, is a protein that is thought to be involved in the enhanced proliferation, survival, and metastasis and possibly other key hallmarks of cancer cells. Understanding how this gene is turned on and off is vitally important for attempt improving cancer management and therapy. Our work has identified a novel transcriptional regulator of survivin called Yin Yang 1 (YY1), which has been observed to activate some gene promoters and repress others and is gaining increasing interest as a target of cancer therapy. Our work shows for the first time that YY1 represses survivin transcription by physically interacting with the survivin promoter. Furthermore, YY1 appears to contribute to basal survivin transcriptional activity, indicating that disruption of its binding may in part contribute to survivin overexpression after cellular stress events including chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Galloway
- Department of Basic Science and Division of Biochemistry, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Kathryn F Ball
- Department of Basic Science and Division of Biochemistry, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - TessaRae Stiff
- Department of Basic Science and Division of Biochemistry, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350
| | - Nathan R Wall
- Department of Basic Science and Division of Biochemistry, Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California 92350
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Gonda A, Kabagwira J, Senthil GN, Ferguson Bennit HR, Neidigh JW, Khan S, Wall NR. Exosomal survivin facilitates vesicle internalization. Oncotarget 2018; 9:34919-34934. [PMID: 30405884 PMCID: PMC6201849 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family plays a significant role in cell fate and function. It is significantly overexpressed in tumor cells and has been identified in most cancer cell types. A novel extracellular population has recently been identified and its function is still unknown. Emerging evidence continues to shed light on the important role the tumor microenvironment (TME) has on tumor survival and progression. This new population of survivin has been seen to enhance the tumor phenotype when internalized by recipient cells. In this paper, we sought to better understand the mechanism by which survivin is taken up by cancer cells and the possible role it plays in this phenomenon. We isolated the exosomal carriers of extracellular survivin and using a lipophilic stain, PKH67, we tracked their uptake with immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. We found that by blocking exosomal survivin, exosome internalization is reduced, signifying a novel function for this protein. We also discovered that the common membrane receptors, transferrin receptor, endothelin B receptor, insulin receptor alpha, and membrane glucocorticoid receptor all facilitate exosomal internalization. This understanding further clarifies the protein-protein interactions in the TME that may influence tumor progression and identifies additional potential chemotherapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Gonda
- Center for Health Disparities Research and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Anatomy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
| | - Janviere Kabagwira
- Center for Health Disparities Research and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
| | - Girish N. Senthil
- Center for Health Disparities Research and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
| | - Heather R. Ferguson Bennit
- Center for Health Disparities Research and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
| | - Jonathan W. Neidigh
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
| | - Salma Khan
- Center for Health Disparities Research and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
| | - Nathan R. Wall
- Center for Health Disparities Research and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
- Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, 92350, USA
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Gulei D, Petrut B, Tigu AB, Onaciu A, Fischer-Fodor E, Atanasov AG, Ionescu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Exosomes at a glance - common nominators for cancer hallmarks and novel diagnosis tools. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 53:564-577. [PMID: 30247075 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2018.1508276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer represents a heterogeneous disease with multiple levels of regulation and a dynamic environment that sustains the evolution of the malignant mass. This dynamic is in part sustained by a class of extracellular vesicles termed exosomes that are able to imprint the pathological state by incorporating differential cargos in order to facilitate cell-to-cell communication. Exosomes are stable within the extracellular medium and function as shuttles secreted by healthy or pathological cells, being further taken by the accepting cell with direct effects on its phenotype. The exosomal trafficking is deeply involved in multiple levels of cancer development with roles in all cancer hallmarks. Nowadays, studies are constantly exploring the ability of exosomes to sustain the malignant progression in order to attack this pathological trafficking and impair the ability of the tumor mass to expand within the organisms. As important, the circulatory characteristics of exosomes represent a steady advantage regarding the possibility of using them as minimally invasive diagnosis tools, where cancer patients' present modified exosomal profiles compared to the healthy ones. This last characteristic, as novel diagnosis tools, has the advantage of a possible rapid transition within the clinic, compared to the studies that evaluate the therapeutic meaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Gulei
- a MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Bogdan Petrut
- b Department of Urology , The Oncology Institute "Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta" , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- a MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Anca Onaciu
- a MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- a MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania.,c Tumor Biology Department , Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- d Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzȩbiec, Magdalenka , Poland.,e Department of Pharmacognosy , University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria
| | - Calin Ionescu
- f 5th Surgical Department , Municipal Hospital , Cluj-Napoca , Romania.,g "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- a MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine "Iuliu-Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania.,h Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy , Cluj-Napoca , Romania.,i Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology , "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta" Oncology Institute , Cluj-Napoca , Romania
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Circulating Survivin Levels in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea. Lung 2018; 196:417-424. [PMID: 29740686 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-018-0120-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is characterised by a low-grade systemic and airway inflammation; however, the regulatory mechanisms of inflammation are poorly explored. Survivin (Birc5) is an anti-apoptotic protein which inhibits Type 1 inflammation; however, this molecule has not been investigated in OSA. METHODS Forty-five patients with OSA and 31 non-OSA control subjects were involved. Venous blood was collected for plasma survivin measurements before and after diagnostic overnight polysomnography. Plasma survivin levels were compared between the two groups and correlated to OSA severity and comorbidities. RESULTS Plasma survivin levels were lower in OSA in the evening (27.6 ± 89.9 vs. 108.3 ± 161.2 pg/ml, p < 0.01) and in the morning (17.4 ± 48.6 vs. 36.4 ± 69.2 pg/ml, p = 0.02) compared to the control group. This OSA-related decrease was also present when only the non-obese patients were analysed. Significant indirect relationships were observed between plasma survivin levels and measures of OSA severity such as the apnoea-hypopnoea index (r = - 0.45) or oxygen desaturation index (r = - 0.40, both p < 0.01); however, when adjusting to BMI, these became insignificant (p > 0.05). Low plasma survivin concentrations were associated with high BMI (r = - 0.35), high CRP (r = - 0.31), low HDL cholesterol (r = 0.24) and high triglyceride levels (r = - 0.24, all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Plasma survivin levels are reduced in OSA, relate to disease severity, and are associated with high CRP levels. This suggests an impaired immunoregulation in this disorder which needs to be studied in further detail.
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Ejarque M, Ceperuelo-Mallafré V, Serena C, Pachón G, Núñez-Álvarez Y, Terrón-Puig M, Calvo E, Núñez-Roa C, Oliva-Olivera W, Tinahones FJ, Peinado MA, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. Survivin, a key player in cancer progression, increases in obesity and protects adipose tissue stem cells from apoptosis. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2802. [PMID: 28518147 PMCID: PMC5520726 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) has a central role in obesity-related metabolic imbalance through the dysregulated production of cytokines and adipokines. In addition to its known risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes, obesity is also a major risk for cancer. We investigated the impact of obesity for the expression of survivin, an antiapoptotic protein upregulated by adipokines and a diagnostic biomarker of tumor onset and recurrence. In a cross-sectional study of 111 subjects classified by body mass index, circulating levels of survivin and gene expression in subcutaneous AT were significantly higher in obese patients and positively correlated with leptin. Within AT, survivin was primarily detected in human adipocyte-derived stem cells (hASCs), the adipocyte precursors that determine AT expansion. Remarkably, survivin expression was significantly higher in hASCs isolated from obese patients that from lean controls and was increased by proinflammatory M1 macrophage soluble factors including IL-1β. Analysis of survivin expression in hASCs revealed a complex regulation including epigenetic modifications and protein stability. Surprisingly, obese hASCs showed survivin promoter hypermethylation that correlated with a significant decrease in its mRNA levels. Nonetheless, a lower level of mir-203, which inhibits survivin protein translation, and higher protein stability, was found in obese hASCs compared with their lean counterparts. We discovered that survivin levels determine the susceptibility of hASCs to apoptotic stimuli (including leptin and hypoxia). Accordingly, hASCs from an obese setting were protected from apoptosis. Collectively, these data shed new light on the molecular mechanisms governing AT expansion in obesity through promotion of hASCs that are resistant to apoptosis, and point to survivin as a potential new molecular player in the communication between AT and tumor cells. Thus, inhibition of apoptosis targeting survivin might represent an effective strategy for both obesity and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Ejarque
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Victòria Ceperuelo-Mallafré
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Serena
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gisela Pachón
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Program of Excellence in Glycosciences, Brigham & Women’s Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yaiza Núñez-Álvarez
- Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Badalona, Spain
| | - Margarida Terrón-Puig
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Enrique Calvo
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Núñez-Roa
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Wilfredo Oliva-Olivera
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER de la Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Biomedical Research, Virgen de la Victoria Clinical University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Angel Peinado
- Health Sciences Research Institute Germans Trias i Pujol, Institute of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer, Badalona, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d´Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Anti-cancer effect of Annona Muricata Linn Leaves Crude Extract (AMCE) on breast cancer cell line. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:311. [PMID: 27558166 PMCID: PMC4997662 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Annona muricata Linn which comes from Annonaceae family possesses many therapeutic benefits as reported in previous studies and to no surprise, it has been used in many cultures to treat various ailments including headaches, insomnia, and rheumatism to even treating cancer. However, Annona muricata Linn obtained from different cultivation area does not necessarily offer the same therapeutic effects towards breast cancer (in regards to its bioactive compound production). In this study, anti-proliferative and anti-cancer effects of Annona muricata crude extract (AMCE) on breast cancer cell lines were evaluated. Methods A screening of nineteen samples of Annona muricata from different location was determined by MTT assay on breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and 4 T1) which revealed a varied potency (IC50) amongst them. Then, based on the IC50 profile from the anti-proliferative assay, further downward assays such as cell cycle analysis, Annexin V/FITC, AO/PI, migration, invasion, and wound healing assay were performed only with the most potent leaf aqueous extract (B1 AMCE) on 4 T1 breast cancer cell line to investigate its anti-cancer effect. Then, the in vivo anti-cancer study was conducted where mice were fed with extract after inducing the tumor. At the end of the experiment, histopathology of tumor section, tumor nitric oxide level, tumor malondialdehyde level, clonogenic assay, T cell immunophenotyping, and proteome profiler analysis were performed. Results Annona muricata crude extract samples exhibited different level of cytotoxicity toward breast cancer cell lines. The selected B1 AMCE reduced the tumor’s size and weight, showed anti-metastatic features, and induced apoptosis in vitro and in vivo of the 4 T1 cells. Furthermore, it decreased the level of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in tumor while also increased the level of white blood cell, T-cell, and natural killer cell population. Conclusion The results suggest that, B1 AMCE is a promising candidate for cancer treatment especially in breast cancer and deserves further research as an alternative to conventional drugs while also stressed out the selection of soursop sample which plays a significant role in determining its potential therapeutic effect on cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1290-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Khan S, Ferguson Bennit H, Asuncion Valenzuela MM, Turay D, Diaz Osterman CJ, Moyron RB, Esebanmen GE, Ashok A, Wall NR. Localization and upregulation of survivin in cancer health disparities: a clinical perspective. Biologics 2015; 9:57-67. [PMID: 26185415 PMCID: PMC4501680 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s83864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Survivin is one of the most important members of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein family, as it is expressed in most human cancers but is absent in normal, differentiated tissues. Lending to its importance, survivin has proven associations with apoptosis and cell cycle control, and has more recently been shown to modulate the tumor microenvironment and immune evasion as a result of its extracellular localization. Upregulation of survivin has been found in many cancers including breast, prostate, pancreatic, and hematological malignancies, and it may prove to be associated with the advanced presentation, poorer prognosis, and lower survival rates observed in ethnically diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Heather Ferguson Bennit
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Malyn May Asuncion Valenzuela
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - David Turay
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Department of Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Carlos J Diaz Osterman
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ron B Moyron
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Grace E Esebanmen
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Arjun Ashok
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Nathan R Wall
- Department of Biochemistry, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA ; Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
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Exosomes Secreted from Human Cancer Cell Lines Contain Inhibitors of Apoptosis (IAP). CANCER MICROENVIRONMENT 2015; 8:65-73. [PMID: 25982218 DOI: 10.1007/s12307-015-0167-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are endosomal-derived nanovesicles released by normal and tumor cells which have been shown to transfer functionally active protein, lipids, mRNAs and miRNAs between cells. Varying in molecular profiles, biological roles, functional roles and protein contents, exosomes have been described as "multi-purpose carriers" playing a role in supporting the survival and growth of tumor cells. The IAP Survivin has been found to be present in tumor exosomes. However, the existence of other IAPs in tumor exosomes is still unknown. Survivin, cIAP1, cIAP2 and XIAP mRNA and protein are differently expressed in a panel of tumor cell lines: DLCL2, HeLa, MCF-7, Panc-1, and PC3. Exosomes were isolated from conditioned media collected from the cells from which RNA and protein were extracted. Our results provide evidence that like Survivin, XIAP, cIAP1 and cIAP2 proteins are found in tumor exosomes. The mRNA expression, however, is differentially expressed across the tumor cell lines. The presence of these bioactive molecules in exosomes may not only serve as warning signals, but also play a role in providing protection to the cancer cells against changes that are constantly occurring in the tumor microenvironment.
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Singh N, Krishnakumar S, Kanwar RK, Cheung CHA, Kanwar JR. Clinical aspects for survivin: a crucial molecule for targeting drug-resistant cancers. Drug Discov Today 2015; 20:578-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Bikov A, Bocskei R, Eszes N, Bohacs A, Losonczy G, Rigo J, Horvath I, Tamasi L. Circulating survivin levels in healthy and asthmatic pregnancy. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:93. [PMID: 25248821 PMCID: PMC4189549 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is one of the most common conditions which complicate pregnancy. Pro- and anti-apoptotic mechanisms can be modulated by asthma accompanying pregnancy. Survivin, an anti-apoptotic protein has been implicated in the pathomechanism of asthma and also in the development of pathological pregnancies; however survivin has not been studied in pregnant asthmatics. METHODS Twenty-eight asthmatic pregnant (AP), 25 asthmatic non-pregnant (ANP), 21 healthy pregnant (HP) and 29 healthy non-pregnant (HNP) women were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Plasma survivin concentration was determined by ELISA. RESULTS Plasma survivin was significantly lower in HP (1.64 /0-74.9/ pg/ml) than in HNP (24.6 /0-333.3/ pg/ml, p = 0.01). However, this difference was not observed between the asthmatic groups (p = 0.64). Similarly, there was no difference either between HNP and ANP (10.5 /0-215.4/ pg/ml, p = 0.23) or between HP and AP (13.9 /0-364.1/ pg/ml, p = 0.30) groups. CONCLUSIONS Decreased plasma survivin levels in physiological but not in asthmatic pregnancy may suggest that the normal apoptotic mechanisms are compromised in asthmatic gestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andras Bikov
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Renata Bocskei
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Noemi Eszes
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Aniko Bohacs
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Losonczy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Janos Rigo
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 27 Baross utca, Budapest, H-1085 Hungary
| | - Ildiko Horvath
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
| | - Lilla Tamasi
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1/C Dios arok, Budapest, H-1125 Hungary
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