1
|
Liu Y, Suhail Y, Novin A, Afzal J, Pant A, Kshitiz. Lactate in breast cancer cells is associated with evasion of hypoxia-induced cell cycle arrest and adverse patient outcome. Hum Cell 2024; 37:768-781. [PMID: 38478356 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01046-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Tumor hypoxia is a common microenvironmental factor in breast cancers, resulting in stabilization of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 (HIF-1), the master regulator of hypoxic response in cells. Metabolic adaptation by HIF-1 results in inhibition of citric acid cycle, causing accumulation of lactate in large concentrations in hypoxic cancers. Lactate can therefore serve as a secondary microenvironmental factor influencing cellular response to hypoxia. Presence of lactate can alter the hypoxic response of breast cancers in many ways, sometimes in opposite manners. Lactate stabilizes HIF-1 in oxidative condition, as well as destabilizes HIF-1 in hypoxia, increases cellular acidification, and mitigates HIF-1-driven inhibition of cellular respiration. We therefore tested the effect of lactate in MDA-MB-231 under hypoxia, finding that lactate can activate pathways associated with DNA replication, and cell cycling, as well as tissue morphogenesis associated with invasive processes. Using a bioengineered nano-patterned stromal invasion assay, we also confirmed that high lactate and induced HIF-1α gene overexpression can synergistically promote MDA-MB-231 dissemination and stromal trespass. Furthermore, using The Cancer Genome Atlas, we also surprisingly found that lactate in hypoxia promotes gene expression signatures prognosticating low survival in breast cancer patients. Our work documents that lactate accumulation contributes to increased heterogeneity in breast cancer gene expression promoting cancer growth and reducing patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Yasir Suhail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ashkan Novin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Junaid Afzal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Aditya Pant
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- NEAG Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kshitiz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- NEAG Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tracing the cis-regulatory changes underlying the endometrial control of placental invasion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2111256119. [PMID: 35110402 PMCID: PMC8832988 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111256119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Among eutherian (placental) mammals, placental embedding into the maternal endometrium exhibits great differences, from being deeply invasive (e.g., humans) to noninvasive (e.g., cattle). The degree of invasion of placental trophoblasts is positively correlated with the rate of cancer malignancy. Previously, we have shown that fibroblasts from different species offer different levels of resistance to the invading trophoblasts as well as to cancer cell invasion. Here we present a comparative genomic investigation revealing cis-regulatory elements underlying these interspecies differences in invasibility. We identify transcription factors that regulate proinvasibility and antiinvasibility genes in stromal cells. Using an in vitro invasibility assay combined with CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockout, we found that the transcription factors GATA2 and TFDP1 strongly influence the invasibility of endometrial and skin fibroblasts. This work identifies genomic mechanisms explaining species differences in stromal invasibility, paving the way to therapies targeting stromal characteristics to regulate placental invasion, wound healing, and cancer dissemination.
Collapse
|
3
|
Suhail Y, Afzal J. Evolved Resistance to Placental Invasion Secondarily Confers Increased Survival in Melanoma Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040595. [PMID: 33562461 PMCID: PMC7915120 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammals exhibit large differences in rates of cancer malignancy, even though the tumor formation rates may be similar. In placental mammals, rates of malignancy correlate with the extent of placental invasion. Our Evolved Levels of Invasibility (ELI) framework links these two phenomena identifying genes that potentially confer resistance in stromal fibroblasts to limit invasion, from trophoblasts in the endometrium, and from disseminating melanoma in the skin. Herein, using patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we report that these anti-invasive genes may be crucial in melanoma progression in human patients, and that their loss is correlated with increased cancer spread and lowered survival. Our results suggest that, surprisingly, these anti-invasive genes, which have lower expression in humans compared to species with non-invasive placentation, may potentially prevent stromal invasion, while a further reduction in their levels increases the malignancy and lethality of melanoma. Our work links evolution, comparative biology, and cancer progression across tissues, indicating new avenues for using evolutionary medicine to prognosticate and treat human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Suhail
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA;
- Cancer Systems Biology (CaSB@Yale), Yale West Campus, West Haven, CT 06477, USA
- Center for Cell Analysis and Modeling, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, CT 06032, USA
| | - Junaid Afzal
- Department of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cheng HS, Lee JXT, Wahli W, Tan NS. Exploiting vulnerabilities of cancer by targeting nuclear receptors of stromal cells in tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:51. [PMID: 30925918 PMCID: PMC6441226 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0971-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is a complex and dynamic cellular community comprising the tumor epithelium and various tumor-supporting cells such as immune cells, fibroblasts, immunosuppressive cells, adipose cells, endothelial cells, and pericytes. The interplay between the tumor microenvironment and tumor cells represents a key contributor to immune evasiveness, physiological hardiness and the local and systemic invasiveness of malignant cells. Nuclear receptors are master regulators of physiological processes and are known to play pro-/anti-oncogenic activities in tumor cells. However, the actions of nuclear receptors in tumor-supporting cells have not been widely studied. Given the excellent druggability and extensive regulatory effects of nuclear receptors, understanding their biological functionality in the tumor microenvironment is of utmost importance. Therefore, the present review aims to summarize recent evidence about the roles of nuclear receptors in tumor-supporting cells and their implications for malignant processes such as tumor proliferation, evasion of immune surveillance, angiogenesis, chemotherapeutic resistance, and metastasis. Based on findings derived mostly from cell culture studies and a few in vivo animal cancer models, the functions of VDR, PPARs, AR, ER and GR in tumor-supporting cells are relatively well-characterized. Evidence for other receptors, such as RARβ, RORγ, and FXR, is limited yet promising. Hence, the nuclear receptor signature in the tumor microenvironment may harbor prognostic value. The clinical prospects of a tumor microenvironment-oriented cancer therapy exploiting the nuclear receptors in different tumor-supporting cells are also encouraging. The major challenge, however, lies in the ability to develop a highly specific drug delivery system to facilitate precision medicine in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sheng Cheng
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.
| | - Jeannie Xue Ting Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Walter Wahli
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.,INRA ToxAlim, UMR1331, Chemin de Tournefeuille, Toulouse Cedex 3, France.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637551, Singapore. .,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
SRF promotes gastric cancer metastasis through stromal fibroblasts in an SDF1-CXCR4-dependent manner. Oncotarget 2018; 7:46088-46099. [PMID: 27323859 PMCID: PMC5216783 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been suggested that the overexpression of serum response factor (SRF) in cancer cells may promote cancer metastasis. However, the exact pathway by which SRF promotes metastasis has not been clarified. Here we showed that SRF promotes gastric cancer (GC) metastasis through stromal fibroblasts in an SDF1-CXCR4-dependent manner. SRF expression was significantly increased in metastatic GCs compared with the non-metastatic GCs (n=50, p=0.013). Immuno-staining indicated that SRF was primarily expressed in a-smooth muscle actin (αSMA)-expressing periglandular fibroblasts in GCs. The conditioned medium (CM) from CCD18Co fibroblasts stably transfected with the SRF vector (CCD18Co-SRF) significantly enhanced migration of MKN45 gastric cancer cells. In contrast, the CM from CCD18Co fibroblasts, in which SRF was downregulated, inhibited mobility of MKN45 cells. Similar results were observed in cultured BGC823 cells even when they were treated with the NIH3T3-SRF CM. When MKN45 cells and SRF-upregulated or downregulated CCD18Co cells were simultaneously co-injected into the tail veins of NOD-SCID mice, a significant increase or decrease was, respectively, observed in the experimental pulmonary metastasis of cancer cells. Furthermore, SRF overexpression significantly upregulated `SMA and stromal cell derived factor1 (SDF1) expression in these fibroblasts, and an anti-SDF1 antibody or the SDF1 receptor CXCR4-specific inhibitor AMD3100 treatment completely reversed the SRF-enhanced migration of cancer cells. Quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that the expression level of SRF was positively correlated with that of SDF1 in 92 GC samples (r=0.63, p<0.001). In conclusion, SRF promote GC metastasis by facilitating myofibroblast-cancer cell crosstalk in an SDF1-CXCR4 dependent manner, and maybe a therapeutic target.
Collapse
|
6
|
Synergistic effect of eribulin and CDK inhibition for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:83925-83939. [PMID: 29137393 PMCID: PMC5663565 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of CDK2 in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) can contribute to non-canonical phosphorylation of a TGFβ signaling component, Smad3, promoting cell proliferation and migration. Inhibition of CDK2 was shown to decrease breast cancer oncogenesis. Eribulin chemotherapy was used effectively in the treatment of TNBC. To this end, we tested therapeutic efficacy of a novel CDK2/9 inhibitor, CYC065, eribulin, and the combination of CYC065 and eribulin in 3 different TNBC cell lines, and an in vivo xenograft model. Specifically, we characterized cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, cell cycle associated protein expression, treatment-related transcription factor activity, and tumor growth in TNBC. Treatment with CYC065 and eribulin in combination had a superior effect on decreasing cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and inhibiting migration in TNBC cell lines in vitro. Combination therapy inhibited non-canonical Smad3 phosphorylation at the T179 site in the protein linker region, and resulted in increased p15 and decreased c-myc expression. In a transcription factor array, combination treatment significantly increased activity of AP1 and decreased activity of factors including NFκB, SP1, E2F, and SMAD3. In an in vivo xenograft model of TNBC, individual and combination treatments resulted in a decrease in both tumor volume and mitotic indices. Taken together, these studies highlight the potential of this novel drug combination, CYC065 and eribulin, to suppress the growth of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo, warranting further clinical investigation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Izar B, Joyce CE, Goff S, Cho NL, Shah PM, Sharma G, Li J, Ibrahim N, Gold J, Hodi FS, Garraway LA, Novina CD, Bertagnolli MM, Yoon CH. Bidirectional cross talk between patient-derived melanoma and cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes invasion and proliferation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2016; 29:656-668. [PMID: 27482935 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-stroma interactions are critical for epithelial-derived tumors, and among the stromal cell types, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) exhibit multiple functions that fuel growth, dissemination, and drug resistance. However, these interactions remain insufficiently characterized in non-epithelial tumors such as malignant melanoma. We generated monocultures of melanoma cells and matching CAFs from patients' metastatic lesions, distinguished by oncogenic drivers and immunoblotting of characteristic markers. RNA sequencing of CAFs revealed a homogenous epigenetic program that strongly resembled the signatures from epithelial cancers, including enrichment for an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Melanoma CAFs in monoculture displayed robust invasive behavior while patient-derived melanoma monocultures showed very little invasiveness. Instead, melanoma cells showed increased invasion when co-cultured with CAFs. In turn, CAFs showed increased proliferation when exposed to melanoma conditioned media (CM), mediated in part by melanoma-secreted transforming growth factor-alpha that acted on CAFs via the epidermal growth factor receptor. This study provides evidence that bidirectional interactions between melanoma and CAFs regulate progression of metastatic melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Izar
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cailin E Joyce
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Goff
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nancy L Cho
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Parin M Shah
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nageatte Ibrahim
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jason Gold
- Department of Surgery, VA Boston Health Care Service, Surgical Service, West Roxbury, MA, USA
| | - F Stephen Hodi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Levi A Garraway
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carl D Novina
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Cancer Immunology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Monica M Bertagnolli
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles H Yoon
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Womens Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Aguado BA, Wu JJ, Azarin SM, Nanavati D, Rao SS, Bushnell GG, Medicherla CB, Shea LD. Secretome identification of immune cell factors mediating metastatic cell homing. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17566. [PMID: 26634905 PMCID: PMC4669442 DOI: 10.1038/srep17566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic cell homing is a complex process mediated in part by diffusible factors secreted from immune cells found at a pre-metastatic niche. We report on connecting secretomics and TRanscriptional Activity CEll aRray (TRACER) data to identify functional paracrine interactions between immune cells and metastatic cells as novel mediators of homing. Metastatic breast cancer mouse models were used to generate a diseased splenocyte conditioned media (D-SCM) containing immune cell secreted factors. MDA-MB-231 metastatic cell activity including cell invasion, migration, transendothelial migration, and proliferation were increased in D-SCM relative to control media. Our D-SCM secretome analysis yielded 144 secreted factor candidates that contribute to increased metastatic cell activity. The functional mediators of homing were identified using MetaCore software to determine interactions between the immune cell secretome and the TRACER-identified active transcription factors within metastatic cells. Among the 5 candidate homing factors identified, haptoglobin was selected and validated in vitro and in vivo as a key mediator of homing. Our studies demonstrate a novel systems biology approach to identify functional signaling factors associated with a cellular phenotype, which provides an enabling tool that complements large-scale protein identification provided by proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian A Aguado
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.,Simpson Querrey Institute for Bionanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jia J Wu
- Interdepartmental Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Samira M Azarin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Dhaval Nanavati
- Proteomics Core Facility, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Shreyas S Rao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA
| | - Grace G Bushnell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | | | - Lonnie D Shea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Smith L, Baxter EW, Chambers PA, Green CA, Hanby AM, Hughes TA, Nash CE, Millican-Slater RA, Stead LF, Verghese ET, Speirs V. Down-Regulation of miR-92 in Breast Epithelial Cells and in Normal but Not Tumour Fibroblasts Contributes to Breast Carcinogenesis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139698. [PMID: 26437339 PMCID: PMC4593575 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNA (miR) expression is commonly dysregulated in many cancers, including breast. MiR-92 is one of six miRs encoded by the miR-17-92 cluster, one of the best-characterised oncogenic miR clusters. We examined expression of miR-92 in the breast epithelium and stroma during breast cancer progression. We also investigated the role of miR-92 in fibroblasts in vitro and showed that down-regulation in normal fibroblasts enhances the invasion of breast cancer epithelial cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We used laser microdissection (LMD) to isolate epithelial cells from matched normal, DCIS and invasive tissue from 9 breast cancer patients and analysed miR-92 expression by qRT-PCR. Expression of ERβ1, a direct miR-92 target, was concurrently analysed for each case by immunohistochemistry. LMD was also used to isolate matched normal (NFs) and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from 14 further cases. Effects of miR-92 inhibition in fibroblasts on epithelial cell invasion in vitro was examined using a Matrigel™ assay. miR-92 levels decreased in microdissected epithelial cells during breast cancer progression with highest levels in normal breast epithelium, decreasing in DCIS (p<0.01) and being lowest in invasive breast tissue (p<0.01). This was accompanied by a shift in cell localisation of ERβ1 from nuclear expression in normal breast epithelium to increased cytoplasmic expression during progression to DCIS (p = 0.0078) and invasive breast cancer (p = 0.031). ERβ1 immunoreactivity was also seen in stromal fibroblasts in tissues. Where miR-92 expression was low in microdissected NFs this increased in matched CAFs; a trend also seen in cultured primary fibroblasts. Down-regulation of miR-92 levels in NFs but not CAFs enhanced invasion of both MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS miR-92 is gradually lost in breast epithelial cells during cancer progression correlating with a shift in ERβ1 immunoreactivity from nuclei to the cytoplasm. Our data support a functional role in fibroblasts where modification of miR-92 expression can influence the invasive capacity of breast cancer epithelial cells. However in silico analysis suggests that ERβ1 may not be the most important miR-92 target in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Smith
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Euan W. Baxter
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Philip A. Chambers
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline A. Green
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew M. Hanby
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas A. Hughes
- Leeds Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Claire E. Nash
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lucy F. Stead
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Eldo T. Verghese
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Valerie Speirs
- Leeds Institute of Cancer and Pathology, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Rudisch A, Dewhurst MR, Horga LG, Kramer N, Harrer N, Dong M, van der Kuip H, Wernitznig A, Bernthaler A, Dolznig H, Sommergruber W. High EMT Signature Score of Invasive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells Correlates with NFκB Driven Colony-Stimulating Factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF) Secretion by Neighboring Stromal Fibroblasts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124283. [PMID: 25919140 PMCID: PMC4412534 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We established co-cultures of invasive or non-invasive NSCLC cell lines and various types of fibroblasts (FBs) to more precisely characterize the molecular mechanism of tumor-stroma crosstalk in lung cancer. The HGF-MET-ERK1/2-CREB-axis was shown to contribute to the onset of the invasive phenotype of Calu-1 with HGF being secreted by FBs. Differential expression analysis of the respective mono- and co-cultures revealed an upregulation of NFκB-related genes exclusively in co-cultures with Calu-1. Cytokine Array- and ELISA-based characterization of the “cytokine fingerprints” identified CSF2 (GM-CSF), CXCL1, CXCL6, VEGF, IL6, RANTES and IL8 as being specifically upregulated in various co-cultures. Whilst CXCL6 exhibited a strictly FB-type-specific induction profile regardless of the invasiveness of the tumor cell line, CSF2 was only induced in co-cultures of invasive cell lines regardless of the partnered FB type. These cultures revealed a clear link between the induction of CSF2 and the EMT signature of the cancer cell line. The canonical NFκB signaling in FBs, but not in tumor cells, was shown to be responsible for the induced and constitutive CSF2 expression. In addition to CSF2, cytokine IL6, IL8 and IL1B, and chemokine CXCL1 and CXCL6 transcripts were also shown to be increased in co-cultured FBs. In contrast, their induction was not strictly dependent on the invasiveness of the co-cultured tumor cell. In a multi-reporter assay, additional signaling pathways (AP-1, HIF1-α, KLF4, SP-1 and ELK-1) were found to be induced in FBs co-cultured with Calu-1. Most importantly, no difference was observed in the level of inducibility of these six signaling pathways with regard to the type of FBs used. Finally, upon tumor fibroblast interaction the massive induction of chemokines such as CXCL1 and CXCL6 in FBs might be responsible for increased recruitment of a monocytic cell line (THP-1) in a transwell assay.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cadherins/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology
- Cell Communication/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cytokines/metabolism
- Dermis/pathology
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/drug effects
- Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition/genetics
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Regulatory Networks/drug effects
- Genes, Reporter
- Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor/metabolism
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/pharmacology
- Humans
- Inflammation/pathology
- Kruppel-Like Factor 4
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Phenotype
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Signal Transduction/genetics
- Spheroids, Cellular/drug effects
- Spheroids, Cellular/metabolism
- Spheroids, Cellular/pathology
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Up-Regulation/drug effects
- Up-Regulation/genetics
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albin Rudisch
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Center of Molecular Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Nina Kramer
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nathalie Harrer
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Meng Dong
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Heiko van der Kuip
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wernitznig
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Bernthaler
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Helmut Dolznig
- Institute of Medical Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sommergruber
- Department of Lead Discovery, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pasanen I, Pietilä M, Lehtonen S, Lehtilahti E, Hakkarainen T, Blanco Sequeiros R, Lehenkari P, Kuvaja P. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Female Donors Enhance Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation in vitro. Oncology 2015; 88:214-25. [DOI: 10.1159/000368556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
12
|
Al Tanoury Z, Piskunov A, Andriamoratsiresy D, Gaouar S, Lutzing R, Ye T, Jost B, Keime C, Rochette-Egly C. Genes involved in cell adhesion and signaling: a new repertoire of retinoic acid receptor target genes in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. J Cell Sci 2014; 127:521-33. [PMID: 24357724 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.131946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear retinoic acid (RA) receptors (RARα, β and γ) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate the expression of a battery of genes involved in cell differentiation and proliferation. They are also phosphoproteins and we previously showed the importance of their phosphorylation in their transcriptional activity. In the study reported here, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of the genes that are regulated by RARs in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) by comparing wild-type MEFs to MEFs lacking the three RARs. We found that in the absence of RA, RARs control the expression of several gene transcripts associated with cell adhesion. Consequently the knockout MEFs are unable to adhere and to spread on substrates and they display a disrupted network of actin filaments, compared with the WT cells. In contrast, in the presence of the ligand, RARs control the expression of other genes involved in signaling and in RA metabolism. Taking advantage of rescue cell lines expressing the RARα or RARγ subtypes (either wild-type or mutated at the N-terminal phosphorylation sites) in the null background, we found that the expression of RA-target genes can be controlled either by a specific single RAR or by a combination of RAR isotypes, depending on the gene. We also selected genes that require the phosphorylation of the receptors for their regulation by RA. Our results increase the repertoire of genes that are regulated by RARs and highlight the complexity and diversity of the transcriptional programs regulated by RARs, depending on the gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Al Tanoury
- IGBMC (Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire), INSERM, U964, CNRS, UMR7104, Université de Strasbourg, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Verghese ET, Drury R, Green CA, Holliday DL, Lu X, Nash C, Speirs V, Thorne JL, Thygesen HH, Zougman A, Hull MA, Hanby AM, Hughes TA. MiR-26b is down-regulated in carcinoma-associated fibroblasts from ER-positive breast cancers leading to enhanced cell migration and invasion. J Pathol 2013; 231:388-99. [PMID: 23939832 PMCID: PMC4030585 DOI: 10.1002/path.4248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) influence the behaviour of cancer cells but the roles of microRNAs in this interaction are unknown. We report microRNAs that are differentially expressed between breast normal fibroblasts and CAFs of oestrogen receptor-positive cancers, and explore the influences of one of these, miR-26b, on breast cancer biology. We identified differentially expressed microRNAs by expression profiling of clinical samples and a tissue culture model: miR-26b was the most highly deregulated microRNA. Using qPCR, miR-26b was confirmed as down-regulated in fibroblasts from 15 of 18 further breast cancers. Next, we examined whether manipulation of miR-26b expression changed breast fibroblast behaviour. Reduced miR-26b expression caused fibroblast migration and invasion to increase by up to three-fold in scratch-closure and trans-well assays. Furthermore, in co-culture with MCF7 breast cancer epithelial cells, fibroblasts with reduced miR-26b expression enhanced both MCF7 migration in trans-well assays and MCF7 invasion from three-dimensional spheroids by up to five-fold. Mass spectrometry was used to identify expression changes associated with the reduction of miR-26b expression in fibroblasts. Pathway analyses of differentially expressed proteins revealed that glycolysis/TCA cycle and cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPases are downstream of miR-26b. In addition, three novel miR-26b targets were identified (TNKS1BP1, CPSF7, COL12A1) and the expression of each in cancer stroma was shown to be significantly associated with breast cancer recurrence. MiR-26b in breast CAFs is a potent regulator of cancer behaviour in oestrogen receptor-positive cancers, and we have identified key genes and molecular pathways that act downstream of miR-26b in CAFs. © 2013 The Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eldo T Verghese
- Leeds Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK; Department of Histopathology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou F, Ling X, Yin J, Wang J. Analyzing transcription factor activity using near infrared fluorescent bridge polymerase chain reaction. Anal Biochem 2013; 448:105-12. [PMID: 24333250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study has developed a new method, near infrared fluorescent bridge polymerase chain reaction (NIRF-bPCR), for analyzing transcription factor (TF) activity. This method was first used to detect the activity of purified nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p50. The results demonstrated that this method could quantitatively detect the activity of p50 protein at less than 115ng (∼ 2320fmol), and the detection limit reached as little as 6.94ng (∼ 140fmol) of p50 protein. This method was then used to detect TF activity in cell extracts. The results revealed that this method could specifically detect NF-κB activity in HeLa cell nuclear extracts. Finally, this method was used to detect the activities of multiple TFs in a protein sample. The results showed that this method could detect the activities of six TFs-NF-κB, AP-1, TFIID, CREB, NF-E2, and p53-in the TNFα-induced and -uninduced HeLa cell nuclear extracts. Calculation of the fold induction of six TFs revealed that NF-κB, CREB, and AP1 were activated by TNFα induction in HeLa cells, in agreement with the detection results of other methods. Therefore, this study provides a new tool for analyzing TF activity. This study also revealed that NIRF-bPCR may be used as a new method for detecting DNA molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Xiaoqian Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Junhuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Jinke Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Siletz A, Schnabel M, Kniazeva E, Schumacher AJ, Shin S, Jeruss JS, Shea LD. Dynamic transcription factor networks in epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer models. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57180. [PMID: 23593114 PMCID: PMC3620167 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex change in cell differentiation that allows breast carcinoma cells to acquire invasive properties. EMT involves a cascade of regulatory changes that destabilize the epithelial phenotype and allow mesenchymal features to manifest. As transcription factors (TFs) are upstream effectors of the genome-wide expression changes that result in phenotypic change, understanding the sequential changes in TF activity during EMT provides rich information on the mechanism of this process. Because molecular interactions will vary as cells progress from an epithelial to a mesenchymal differentiation program, dynamic networks are needed to capture the changing context of molecular processes. In this study we applied an emerging high-throughput, dynamic TF activity array to define TF activity network changes in three cell-based models of EMT in breast cancer based on HMLE Twist ER and MCF-7 mammary epithelial cells. The TF array distinguished conserved from model-specific TF activity changes in the three models. Time-dependent data was used to identify pairs of TF activities with significant positive or negative correlation, indicative of interdependent TF activity throughout the six-day study period. Dynamic TF activity patterns were clustered into groups of TFs that change along a time course of gene expression changes and acquisition of invasive capacity. Time-dependent TF activity data was combined with prior knowledge of TF interactions to construct dynamic models of TF activity networks as epithelial cells acquire invasive characteristics. These analyses show EMT from a unique and targetable vantage and may ultimately contribute to diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anaar Siletz
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Michael Schnabel
- Physical Sciences – Oncology Center, Northwestern Institute on Complex Systems, Departments of Applied Mathematics and Physics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ekaterina Kniazeva
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Andrew J. Schumacher
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Seungjin Shin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline S. Jeruss
- Department of Surgery, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lonnie D. Shea
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM), Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|