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Ma Y, Li J, Zhao X, Ji C, Hu W, Ma Y, Qu F, Sun Y, Zhang X. Multi-omics cluster defines the subtypes of CRC with distinct prognosis and tumor microenvironment. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:207. [PMID: 38549156 PMCID: PMC10976740 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01805-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a complex malignancy characterized by diverse molecular profiles, clinical outcomes, and limited precision in prognostic markers. Addressing these challenges, this study utilized multi-omics data to define consensus molecular subtypes in CRC and elucidate their association with clinical outcomes and underlying biological processes. METHODS Consensus molecular subtypes were obtained by applying ten integrated multi-omics clustering algorithms to analyze TCGA-CRC multi-omics data, including mRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, DNA methylation CpG sites, and somatic mutation data. The association of subtypes with prognoses, enrichment functions, immune status, and genomic alterations were further analyzed. Next, we conducted univariate Cox and Lasso regression analyses to investigate the potential prognostic application of biomarkers associated with multi-omics subtypes derived from weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The function of one of the biomarkers MID2 was validated in CRC cell lines. RESULTS Two CRC subtypes linked to distinct clinical outcomes were identified in TCGA-CRC cohort and validated with three external datasets. The CS1 subtype exhibited a poor prognosis and was characterized by higher tumor-related Hallmark pathway activity and lower metabolism pathway activity. In addition, the CS1 was predicted to have less immunotherapy responder and exhibited more genomic alteration compared to CS2. Then a prognostic model comprising five genes was established, with patients in the high-risk group showing substantial concordance with the CS1 subtype, and those in the low-risk group with the CS2 subtype. The gene MID2, included in the prognostic model, was found to be correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway and distinct DNA methylation patterns. Knockdown of MID2 in CRC cells resulted in reduced colony formation, migration, and invasion capacities. CONCLUSION The integrative multi-omics subtypes proposed potential biomarkers for CRC and provided valuable knowledge for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Ji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weibin Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - YanFang Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengyi Qu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuchen Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road 277, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Guo D, Yao W, Du X, Dong J, Zhang X, Shen W, Zhu S. NEK2 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:80. [PMID: 37233832 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-023-00692-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The NEK2 (never in mitosis gene A-related kinase 2), a serine/threonine kinase involved in chromosome instability and tumorigenesis. Hence, this study aimed to explore the molecular function of NEK2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS By available transcriptome datasets (GSE53625 cohort, GSE38129 cohort, and GSE21293 cohort), we analyzed the differentially expressed genes in invading and non-invading ESCC. Subsequently, we evaluated the association between NEK2 expression level and clinical outcomes through Kaplan-Meier analysis method. The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting (WB) analyses were performed to determine the expression levels of NEK2 mRNA and protein, respectively. We knocked down the NEK2 expression in ESCC cells (ECA109 and TE1), and evaluated the NEK2 biology function associated with ESCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation abilities. Finally, the downstream pathway of NEK2 was analyzed through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and validated the regulatory mechanism of NEK2 on the potential pathway through WB. RESULTS We found that NEK2 was highly expressed in ESCC cells compared with human esophageal epithelial cells (HEEC) (P < 0.0001), and high NEK2 expression was remarkably associated with poor survival (P = 0.019). Knockdown of NEK2 showed the significant inhibitory effect for tumorigenesis, and suppressed the ESCC cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and formation of colonies abilities. Additionally, GSEA revealed that Wnt/β-catenin pathway was a downstream pathway of NEK2. WB results further validated the regulatory mechanism of NEK2 for Wnt/β-catenin signaling. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that NEK2 promotes ESCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. NEK2 could be a promising target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Weinan Yao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xingyu Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Xueyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Wenbin Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China
| | - Shuchai Zhu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, China.
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3
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Katanaev VL, Baldin A, Denisenko TV, Silachev DN, Ivanova AE, Sukhikh GT, Jia L, Ashrafyan LA. Cells of the tumor microenvironment speak the Wnt language. Trends Mol Med 2023; 29:468-480. [PMID: 37045723 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling plays numerous functions in cancer, from primary transformation and tumor growth to metastasis. In addition to these cancer cell-intrinsic functions, Wnt signaling emerges to critically control cross-communication among cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, we summarize the evidence that not only multiple cancer cell types, but also cells constituting the TME 'speak the Wnt language'. Fibroblasts, macrophages, endothelia, and lymphocytes all use the Wnt language to convey messages to and from cancer cells and among themselves; these messages are important for tumor progression and fate. Decoding this language will advance our understanding of tumor biology and unveil novel therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir L Katanaev
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Far Eastern Federal University, 690090 Vladivostok, Russia; College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
| | - Alexey Baldin
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 4 Akademika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Denisenko
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 4 Akademika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Denis N Silachev
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 4 Akademika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997, Russia; Department of Functional Biochemistry of Biopolymers, A.N. Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna E Ivanova
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 4 Akademika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Gennadiy T Sukhikh
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 4 Akademika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Lee Jia
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Lev A Ashrafyan
- Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, 4 Akademika Oparina Str., Moscow 117997, Russia
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4
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Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Features and MCF-7. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071754. [PMID: 34359925 PMCID: PMC8307920 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (hADSCs) are highly suitable for regeneration therapies being easily collected and propagated in vitro. The effects of different external factors and culturing conditions are able to affect hADSC proliferation, senescence, differentiation, and migration, even at the molecular level. In the present paper, we exposed hADSCs to an exhausted medium from the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) to evaluate whether the soluble factors released by these cells may be able to induce changes in stem cell behavior. In particular, we investigated the expression of stemness-related genes (OCT4; Sox 2; Nanog), the cell-cycle regulators p21 (WAF1/CIP1) p53, epigenetic markers (DNMT1 and Sirt1), and autophagy-related proteins. From our results, we can infer that the exhausted medium from MCF-7 is able to influence the hADSCs behavior increasing the expression of stemness-related genes, cell proliferation, and autophagy. Polyamines detectable in MCF-7 exhausted medium could be related to the higher proliferation capability observed in hADSCs, suggesting direct crosstalk between these molecules and the observed changes in stem cell potency.
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5
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Liang Z, Liu H, Zhang Y, Xiong L, Zeng Z, He X, Wang F, Wu X, Lan P. Cyr61 from adipose-derived stem cells promotes colorectal cancer metastasis and vasculogenic mimicry formation via integrin α V β 5. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:3447-3467. [PMID: 33999512 PMCID: PMC8637569 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) play a vital role in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, but the mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, we found that ADSCs isolated from CRC patients produced more cysteine‐rich 61 (Cyr61) than those from healthy donors, and the elevated serum Cyr61 levels were associated with advanced TNM stages. Moreover, serum Cyr61 displayed a better diagnostic value for CRC compared to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA19‐9). Mechanistically, integrin αVβ5 was identified as the functional receptor by which Cyr61 promotes CRC cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo by activating the αVβ5/FAK/NF‐κB signaling pathway. In addition, Cyr61 promotes vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation, thereby promoting tumor growth and metastasis through a αVβ5/FAK/HIF‐1α/STAT3/MMP2 signaling cascade. Histologically, xenografts and clinical samples of CRC both exhibited VM, which was correlated with HIF‐1α and MMP2 activation. Notably, we demonstrated the synergistic effect of combined anti‐VM therapy (integrin αVβ5 inhibitor) and anti‐VEGF therapy (bevacizumab) in patient‐derived xenograft models. Further investigation showed that CRC cell‐derived exosomal STAT3 promoted Cyr61 transcription in ADSCs. These findings indicate that Cyr61 derived from ADSCs plays a critical role in promoting CRC progression via integrin αVβ5 and provides a novel antitumor strategy by targeting Cyr61/αVβ5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Liang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huashan Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziwei Zeng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen He
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianrui Wu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Lan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Bioland Laboratory, Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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6
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Mura S, Miotti G, Contessi Negrini F, Rampino Cordaro E. Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans arising in post-mastectomy irradiated breast after autologous fat-transfer reconstruction. Regen Ther 2020; 15:169-172. [PMID: 33426215 PMCID: PMC7770351 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Mura
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Udine, DAME (Department of Medical Area), University of Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanni Miotti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Udine, DAME (Department of Medical Area), University of Udine, Italy
| | - Filippo Contessi Negrini
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Udine, DAME (Department of Medical Area), University of Udine, Italy
| | - Emanuele Rampino Cordaro
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Academic Hospital of Udine, DAME (Department of Medical Area), University of Udine, Italy
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7
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Miyazaki Y, Oda T, Mori N, Kida YS. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts in vitro. FEBS Open Bio 2020; 10:2268-2281. [PMID: 32931156 PMCID: PMC7609785 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key components of the dense, proliferating stroma observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and CAF subpopulations drive tumor heterogeneity and play a major role in PDAC progression and drug resistance. CAFs consist of heterogenous subpopulations such as myoblastic CAF (myCAF) and inflammatory CAF (iCAF), and each has distinct essential roles. However, it is not clear how CAF subpopulations are formed in PDAC. Adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs), which possess a high multilineage potential and self-renewal capacity, are reported to be one of the in vivo CAF sources. Here, we aimed to investigate whether AD-MSCs can act as precursors for CAFs in vitro. We recorded morphological features and collected omics data from two in vitro co-culture models for recapitulating clinical PDAC. Additionally, we tested the advantages of the co-culture model in terms of accurately modeling morphology and CAF heterogeneity. We showed that AD-MSCs differentiate into two distinct CAF subpopulations: Direct contact co-culture with PDAC cell line Capan-1 induced differentiation into myCAFs and iCAFs, while indirect co-culture induced differentiation into only iCAFs. Using these co-culture systems, we also identified novel CAF markers that may be helpful for elucidating the mechanisms of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment (TME). In conclusion, AD-MSCs can differentiate into distinct CAF subtypes depending on the different co-culture conditions in vitro, and the identification of potential CAF markers may aid in future investigations of the mechanisms underlying the role of CAFs in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Miyazaki
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)TsukubaJapan
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Hepato‐Biliary‐Pancreatic SurgeryFaculty of MedicineUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Nobuhito Mori
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)TsukubaJapan
| | - Yasuyuki S. Kida
- Cellular and Molecular Biotechnology Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)TsukubaJapan
- Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation LaboratoryThe National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)TsukubaJapan
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8
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Lappano R, Rigiracciolo DC, Belfiore A, Maggiolini M, De Francesco EM. Cancer associated fibroblasts: role in breast cancer and potential as therapeutic targets. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:559-572. [PMID: 32249708 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1751819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the largest population of stromal cells in breast tumors. Emerging evidence has suggested that CAFs are important players not only in fostering tumor growth and spread but also in altering the tumor response to therapeutic agents. On the basis of these observations, huge efforts have been made to exploit CAFs as potential targets for breast cancer therapy.Areas covered: The current understanding of the hallmarks and biology of CAFs, their multilayered interplay with various cell populations of breast tumor microenvironment toward cancer initiation, progression, metastasis and resistance to anticancer therapies are discussed. In addition, a comprehensive overview of the CAFs-based molecular druggable targets in breast tumors is provided. The most relevant literature, in particular the studies retrieved in Medline in the last 10 years, served for this purpose.Expert opinion: The interest on CAFs as a target to fight breast cancer has becoming a hot topic for drug discovery. Indeed, several CAFs-targeted approaches are emerging as appealing therapeutic strategies in breast cancer. At pre-clinical level, this research field is speedily advancing toward the assessment of successful tactics targeting CAFs in breast cancer. Therefore, anti-CAFs therapies may display an intriguing potential to be exploited in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | | | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
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9
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Plava J, Cihova M, Burikova M, Bohac M, Adamkov M, Drahosova S, Rusnakova D, Pindak D, Karaba M, Simo J, Mego M, Danisovic L, Kucerova L, Miklikova S. Permanent Pro-Tumorigenic Shift in Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Induced by Breast Malignancy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020480. [PMID: 32093026 PMCID: PMC7072834 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
During cancer progression, breast tumor cells interact with adjacent adipose tissue, which has been shown to be engaged in cancer aggressiveness. However, the tumor-directed changes in adipose tissue-resident stromal cells affected by the tumor–stroma communication are still poorly understood. The acquired changes might remain in the tissue even after tumor removal and may contribute to tumor relapse. We investigated functional properties (migratory capacity, expression and secretion profile) of mesenchymal stromal cells isolated from healthy (n = 9) and tumor-distant breast adipose tissue (n = 32). Cancer patient-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) (MSC-CA) exhibited a significantly disarranged secretion profile and proliferation potential. Co-culture with MDA-MB-231, T47D and JIMT-1, representing different subtypes of breast cancer, was used to analyze the effect of MSCs on proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity. The MSC-CA enhanced tumorigenicity and altered xenograft composition in immunodeficient mice. Histological analysis revealed collective cell invasion with a specific invasive front of EMT-positive tumor cells as well as invasion of cancer cells to the nerve-surrounding space. This study identifies that adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are primed and permanently altered by tumor presence in breast tissue and have the potential to increase tumor cell invasive ability through the activation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Plava
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.P.); (M.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Marina Cihova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.P.); (M.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Monika Burikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.P.); (M.C.); (M.B.)
| | - Martin Bohac
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.B.); (M.M.)
- Department of Oncosurgery, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marian Adamkov
- Comenius University Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine Martin, Department of Histology and Embryology, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia;
| | | | - Dominika Rusnakova
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.R.); (D.P.); (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Daniel Pindak
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.R.); (D.P.); (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Marian Karaba
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.R.); (D.P.); (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Simo
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia; (D.R.); (D.P.); (M.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Michal Mego
- 2nd Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia; (M.B.); (M.M.)
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Department of Oncosurgery, National Cancer Institute, Klenova 1, 833 10 Bratislava, Slovakia;
- Hermes LabSystems, s.r.o., 831 06 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Lucia Kucerova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.P.); (M.C.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (S.M.); Tel.: +4212-3229-5136 (S.M.)
| | - Svetlana Miklikova
- Cancer Research Institute, Biomedical Research Center, University Science Park for Biomedicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; (J.P.); (M.C.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: (L.K.); (S.M.); Tel.: +4212-3229-5136 (S.M.)
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10
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Gentile P, Calabrese C, De Angelis B, Pizzicannella J, Kothari A, Garcovich S. Impact of the Different Preparation Methods to Obtain Human Adipose-Derived Stromal Vascular Fraction Cells (AD-SVFs) and Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AD-MSCs): Enzymatic Digestion Versus Mechanical Centrifugation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5471. [PMID: 31684107 PMCID: PMC6862236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Autologous therapies using adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (AD-SVFs) and adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) warrant careful preparation of the harvested adipose tissue. Currently, no standardized technique for this preparation exists. Processing quantitative standards (PQSs) define manufacturing quantitative variables (such as time, volume, and pressure). Processing qualitative standards (PQLSs) define the quality of the materials and methods in manufacturing. The purpose of the review was to use PQSs and PQLSs to report the in vivo and in vitro results obtained by different processing kits that use different procedures (enzymatic vs. non-enzymatic) to isolate human AD-SVFs/AD-MSCs. PQSs included the volume of fat tissue harvested and reagents used, the time/gravity of centrifugation, and the time, temperature, and tilt level/speed of incubation and/or centrifugation. PQLSs included the use of a collagenase, a processing time of 30 min, kit weight, transparency of the kit components, the maintenance of a closed sterile processing environment, and the use of a small centrifuge and incubating rocker. Using a kit with the PQSs and PQLSs described in this study enables the isolation of AD-MSCs that meet the consensus quality criteria. As the discovery of new critical quality attributes (CQAs) of AD-MSCs evolve with respect to purity and potency, adjustments to these benchmark PQSs and PQLs will hopefully isolate AD-MSCs of various CQAs with greater reproducibility, quality, and safety. Confirmatory studies will no doubt need to be completed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Barbara De Angelis
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00179 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Chief of Breast Surgery Unit, Guy's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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Scioli MG, Storti G, D'Amico F, Gentile P, Kim BS, Cervelli V, Orlandi A. Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Cancer Progression: New Perspectives and Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133296. [PMID: 31277510 PMCID: PMC6651808 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing importance has been attributed to interactions between tumors, the stromal microenvironment and adult mesenchymal stem cells. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are routinely employed in regenerative medicine and in autologous fat transfer procedures. To date, clinical trials have failed to demonstrate the potential pro-oncogenic role of ASC enrichment. Nevertheless, some pre-clinical studies from in vitro and in vivo models have suggested that ASCs act as a potential tumor promoter for different cancer cell types, and support tumor progression and invasiveness through the activation of several intracellular signals. Interaction with the tumor microenvironment and extracellular matrix remodeling, the exosomal release of pro-oncogenic factors as well as the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions are the most investigated mechanisms. Moreover, ASCs have also demonstrated an elective tumor homing capacity and this tumor-targeting capacity makes them a suitable carrier for anti-cancer drug delivery. New genetic and applied nanotechnologies may help to design promising anti-cancer cell-based approaches through the release of loaded intracellular nanoparticles. These new anti-cancer therapies can more effectively target tumor cells, reaching higher local concentrations even in pharmacological sanctuaries, and thus minimizing systemic adverse drug effects. The potential interplay between ASCs and tumors and potential ASCs-based therapeutic approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Scioli
- Anatomic Pathology Institute, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Storti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Federico D'Amico
- Anatomic Pathology Institute, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Gentile
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Bong-Sung Kim
- Division of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valerio Cervelli
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Augusto Orlandi
- Anatomic Pathology Institute, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy.
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Gentile P, Garcovich S. Concise Review: Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ASCs) and Adipocyte-Secreted Exosomal microRNA (A-SE-miR) Modulate Cancer Growth and proMote Wound Repair. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8060855. [PMID: 31208047 PMCID: PMC6616456 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8060855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have been routinely used from several years in regenerative surgery without any definitive statement about their potential pro-oncogenic or anti-oncogenic role. ASCs has proven to favor tumor progression in several experimental cancer models, playing a central role in regulating tumor invasiveness and metastatic potential through several mechanisms, such as the paracrine release of exosomes containing pro-oncogenic molecules and the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. However, the high secretory activity and the preferential tumor-targeting make also ASCs a potentially suitable vehicle for delivery of new anti-cancer molecules in tumor microenvironment. Nanotechnologies, viral vectors, drug-loaded exosomes, and micro-RNAs (MiR) represent additional new tools that can be applied for cell-mediated drug delivery in a tumor microenvironment. Recent studies revealed that the MiR play important roles in paracrine actions on adipose-resident macrophages, and their dysregulation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity, diabetes, and diabetic complications as wounds. Numerous MiR are present in adipose tissues, actively participating in the regulation of adipogenesis, adipokine secretion, inflammation, and inter-cellular communications in the local tissues. These results provide important insights into Adipocyte-secreted exosomal microRNA (A-SE-MiR) function and they suggest evaluating the potential role of A-SE-MiR in tumor progression, the mechanisms underlying ASCs-cancer cell interplay and clinical safety of ASCs-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Gentile
- Surgical Science Department, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, University of "Tor Vergata", 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Simone Garcovich
- Institute of Dermatology, F. Policlinico Gemelli IRCSS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy.
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