Therapy-related myelodysplastic syndrome presenting as fulminant heart failure secondary to myeloid sarcoma

Cardiac Myeloid Sarcoma: Review of Literature

Granulocytic Sarcomas (GS) also called as Myeloid Sarcomas (MS) or chloromas are the representatives of extramedullary infiltrates of immature myeloid cells including myeloblasts, promyelocytes and myelocytes. Primary cardiac malignancies per se are rare and infiltration of cardiac muscles by secondary malignant cells is also an uncommon finding. Out of these cardiac tumors, contribution of Cardiac Myeloid Sarcoma (CMS) is even more smaller thereby limiting our knowledge about this rare entity. Because of its very lower incidence, an exact guideline for diagnosis and management is still missing and usually haematologists around the world are treating CMS based on their clinical acumen. Aim of this review is to briefly discuss the presenting clinical feature, differential diagnosis, diagnostic workup and management based on published articles related to CMS till date.