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Colona VL, Bertini E, Digilio MC, D’Amico A, Novelli A, Pro S, Pisaneschi E, Nicita F. A New Case of Autosomal-Dominant POLR3B-Related Disorder: Widening Genotypic and Phenotypic Spectrum. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1567. [PMID: 38002527 PMCID: PMC10670162 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
POLR3B encodes the RPC2 subunit of RNA polymerase III. Pathogenic variants are associated with biallelic hypomyelinating leukodystrophy belonging to the POLR-related disorders. Recently, the association with dominant demyelinating neuropathy, classified as Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome type 1I (CMT1I), has been reported as well. Here we report on an additional patient presenting with developmental delay and generalized epilepsy, followed by the onset of mild pyramidal and cerebellar signs, vertical gaze palsy and subclinical demyelinating polyneuropathy. A new heterozygous de novo missense variant, c.1297C > G, p.Arg433Gly, in POLR3B was disclosed via trio-exome sequencing. In silico analysis confirms the hypothesis on the variant pathogenicity. Our research broadens both the genotypic and phenotypic spectrum of the autosomal-dominant POLR3B-related condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Luigi Colona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy;
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Maria Cristina Digilio
- Genetics and Rare Disease Research Division, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
- Medical Genetics Unit, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Adele D’Amico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (A.D.)
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Stefano Pro
- Developmental Neurology Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Elisa Pisaneschi
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Translational Cytogenomics Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (A.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Francesco Nicita
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy; (E.B.); (A.D.)
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Chau SC, Chong PS, Jin H, Tsui KC, Khairuddin S, Tse ACK, Lew SY, Tipoe GL, Lee CW, Fung ML, Wong KH, Lim LW. Hericium erinaceus Promotes Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Regulation of Metabolites in an Animal Model of Cerebellar Ataxia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076089. [PMID: 37047062 PMCID: PMC10094689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar ataxia is a neurodegenerative disorder with no definitive treatment. Although previous study demonstrated the neuroprotective effects of Hericium erinaceus (H.E.), the mechanisms of H.E. treatment on the neuroinflammatory response, neurotransmission, and related metabolites remain largely unknown. We demonstrated that 3-AP rats treated with 25 mg/kg H.E. extracts had improved motor coordination and balance in the accelerated rotarod and rod tests. We showed that the H.E. treatment upregulated the expression of Tgfb1, Tgfb2, and Smad3 genes to levels comparable to those in the non-3-AP control group. Interestingly, we also observed a significant correlation between Tgfb2 gene expression and rod test performance in the 3-AP saline group, but not in the non-3-AP control or H.E.+3-AP groups, indicating a relationship between Tgfb2 gene expression and motor balance in the 3-AP rat model. Additionally, we also found that the H.E. treatment increased mitochondrial COX-IV protein expression and normalized dopamine-serotonin neurotransmission and metabolite levels in the cerebellum of the H.E.+3-AP group compared to the 3-AP saline group. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the H.E. treatment improved motor function in the 3-AP rat model, which was potentially mediated through neuroprotective mechanisms involving TGFB2-Smad3 signaling via normalization of neurotransmission and metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sze Chun Chau
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pit Shan Chong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongkai Jin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ka Chun Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sharafuddin Khairuddin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Chung Kwan Tse
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sze Yuen Lew
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - George Lim Tipoe
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wai Lee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Man-Lung Fung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kah Hui Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Lee Wei Lim
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Tuesta Bernaola M, Ganguly J, Jog M. Slowly Progressive Cerebellar Ataxia in a 55-Year-Old Female Patient. JAMA Neurol 2023; 80:107-108. [PMID: 36342673 DOI: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2022.3791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A 55-year-old female patient with a history of hypercholesterolemia and anxiety presented for imbalance, fear of falling, and progressive disability. Examination revealed gaze-evoked horizontal nystagmus, ataxic dysarthria, sensory neuronopathy, and cerebellar atrophy. What is your diagnosis?
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Affiliation(s)
- Mellany Tuesta Bernaola
- Movement Disorder Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jacky Ganguly
- Movement Disorder Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mandar Jog
- Movement Disorder Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Rosenthal LS. Neurodegenerative Cerebellar Ataxia. Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2022; 28:1409-1434. [DOI: 10.1212/con.0000000000001180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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