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Mikail N, Chequer R, Imperiale A, Meisel A, Bengs S, Portmann A, Gimelli A, Buechel RR, Gebhard C, Rossi A. Tales from the future-nuclear cardio-oncology, from prediction to diagnosis and monitoring. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2023; 24:1129-1145. [PMID: 37467476 PMCID: PMC10501471 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jead168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) often share common risk factors, and patients with CVD who develop cancer are at high risk of experiencing major adverse cardiovascular events. Additionally, cancer treatment can induce short- and long-term adverse cardiovascular events. Given the improvement in oncological patients' prognosis, the burden in this vulnerable population is slowly shifting towards increased cardiovascular mortality. Consequently, the field of cardio-oncology is steadily expanding, prompting the need for new markers to stratify and monitor the cardiovascular risk in oncological patients before, during, and after the completion of treatment. Advanced non-invasive cardiac imaging has raised great interest in the early detection of CVD and cardiotoxicity in oncological patients. Nuclear medicine has long been a pivotal exam to robustly assess and monitor the cardiac function of patients undergoing potentially cardiotoxic chemotherapies. In addition, recent radiotracers have shown great interest in the early detection of cancer-treatment-related cardiotoxicity. In this review, we summarize the current and emerging nuclear cardiology tools that can help identify cardiotoxicity and assess the cardiovascular risk in patients undergoing cancer treatments and discuss the specific role of nuclear cardiology alongside other non-invasive imaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidaa Mikail
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Renata Chequer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Bichat University Hospital, AP-HP, University Diderot, 75018 Paris, France
| | - Alessio Imperiale
- Nuclear Medicine, Institut de Cancérologie de Strasbourg Europe (ICANS), University Hospitals of Strasbourg, 67093 Strasbourg, France
- Molecular Imaging-DRHIM, IPHC, UMR 7178, CNRS/Unistra, 67093 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexander Meisel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Kantonsspital Glarus, Burgstrasse 99, 8750 Glarus, Switzerland
| | - Susan Bengs
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Angela Portmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Alessia Gimelli
- Imaging Department, Fondazione CNR/Regione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ronny R Buechel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cathérine Gebhard
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Inselspital Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexia Rossi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Molecular Cardiology, University of Zurich, Wagistrasse 12, 8952 Schlieren, Switzerland
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2
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Arrais TR, Cavalli GD, Dos Santos BT, Pereira GB, Migliavaca CB, Grossman GB, Biolo A. MIBG cardiac imaging compared to ejection fraction in evaluation of cardiotoxicity: a systematic review. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:2274-2291. [PMID: 34228328 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-021-02610-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in diagnosis and treatment of cancer has improved survival but resulted in increased cardiotoxic effects. The decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), one of the pillars of diagnosis of cardiotoxicity, seems to be a late process in the evolution of the disease, so 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac imaging has been proposed to detect early cardiac impairment. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the performance of MIBG cardiac scan in this scenario. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic search was conducted in five international databases comparing MIBG parameters with EF for evaluation of cardiotoxicity. Twelve studies were included and separated in three groups. First, studies evaluating patients with established cardiotoxicity, in which EF was reduced and MIBG parameters were abnormal. Second, studies analyzing patients during or after treatment compared to controls, with MIBG parameters significantly different between groups in most studies, even when EF remained normal. Finally, studies analyzing anthracycline (ATC) dose-related changes, with alteration in MIBG parameters occurring even when EF was preserved. CONCLUSION Although studies had high methodological variability, cardiac sympathetic innervation imaging seems to be a promising tool for assessing early cardiotoxicity. Further studies are needed to analyze its diagnostic value in this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaís Rossato Arrais
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 910-201, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-001, Brazil.
- Post-graduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Celina Borges Migliavaca
- Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Blacher Grossman
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 910-201, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-001, Brazil
| | - Andréia Biolo
- Post-graduate Program in Cardiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Cardiology Department, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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3
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Jong J, Pinney JR, Packard RRS. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: From pathobiology to identification of molecular targets for nuclear imaging. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:919719. [PMID: 35990941 PMCID: PMC9381993 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.919719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracyclines are a widely used class of chemotherapy in pediatric and adult cancers, however, their use is hampered by the development of cardiotoxic side-effects and ensuing complications, primarily heart failure. Clinically used imaging modalities to screen for cardiotoxicity are mostly echocardiography and occasionally cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. However, the assessment of diastolic and global or segmental systolic function may not be sensitive to detect subclinical or early stages of cardiotoxicity. Multiple studies have scrutinized molecular nuclear imaging strategies to improve the detection of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. Anthracyclines can activate all forms of cell death in cardiomyocytes. Injury mechanisms associated with anthracycline usage include apoptosis, necrosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as cardiac fibrosis and perturbation in sympathetic drive and myocardial blood flow; some of which have been targeted using nuclear probes. This review retraces the pathobiology of anthracycline-induced cardiac injury, details the evidence to date supporting a molecular nuclear imaging strategy, explores disease mechanisms which have not yet been targeted, and proposes a clinical strategy incorporating molecular imaging to improve patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Jong
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - James R. Pinney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs West Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - René R. Sevag Packard
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Ronald Reagan UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Veterans Affairs West Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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4
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Verschure DO, Nakajima K, Verberne HJ. Cardiac 123I-mIBG Imaging in Heart Failure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060656. [PMID: 35745574 PMCID: PMC9230638 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac sympathetic upregulation is one of the neurohormonal compensation mechanisms that play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF). In the past decades, cardiac 123I-mIBG scintigraphy has been established as a feasible technique to evaluate the global and regional cardiac sympathetic innervation. Although cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging has been studied in many cardiac and neurological diseases, it has extensively been studied in ischemic and non-ischemic CHF. Therefore, this review will focus on the role of 123I-mIBG imaging in CHF. This non-invasive, widely available technique has been established to evaluate the prognosis in CHF. Standardization, especially among various combinations of gamma camera and collimator, is important for identifying appropriate thresholds for adequate risk stratification. Interestingly, in contrast to the linear relationship between 123I-mIBG-derived parameters and overall prognosis, there seems to be a “bell-shape” curve for 123I-mIBG-derived parameters in relation to ventricular arrhythmia or appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in patients with ischemic CHF. In addition, there is a potential clinical role for cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging in optimizing patient selection for implantation of expensive devices such as ICD and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Based on cardiac 123I-mIBG data risk models and machine learning, models have been developed for appropriate risk assessment in CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derk O. Verschure
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Cardiology, Zaans Medical Center, Koningin Julianaplein 58, 1502 DV Zaandam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-20-5669111; Fax: +31-20-5669092
| | - Kenichi Nakajima
- Department of Functional Imaging and Artificial Intelligence, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan;
| | - Hein J. Verberne
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Location Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
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5
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Verschure DO, Nakajima K, Jacobson AF, Verberne HJ. 40 Years Anniversary of Cardiac 123I-mIBG Imaging: State of the Heart. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-021-09555-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
This narrative review reflects on the body of evidence on cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging that has accumulated since the introduction in the late 1970s and focusses on to what extent cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging has fulfilled its potential in cardiology especially.
Recent Findings
In contrast to the linear relationship between 123I-mIBG-derived parameters and overall prognosis in heart failure, there seems a “bell-shape” curve for 123I-mIBG-derived parameters and arrhythmic events. In addition, there is a potential clinical role for cardiac 123I-mIBG in optimizing patient selection for expensive devices (i.e., ICD and CRT). This needs of course to be established in future trials.
Summary
Cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging is, despite the numerous of studies, sometimes mistakenly seen as a nice to have technique rather than a must have imaging modality. Although cardiac 123I-mIBG imaging has grown and matured over the years, its full clinical potential has still not been tested to the maximum.
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6
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Durosini I, Mazzocco K, Triberti S, Russo GA, Pravettoni G. Personality Traits and Cardiotoxicity Arising From Cancer Treatments: An Hypothesized Relationship. Front Psychol 2021; 12:546636. [PMID: 34025489 PMCID: PMC8132872 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.546636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thanks to the evolution in medical and pharmaceutical research, to date, the number of cancer treatments is increasingly on the rise. Despite this, several side effects related to cancer treatments can exacerbate patients’ physical and psychological conditions, such as cardiotoxicity. Over the years, researchers have explored the possible relationship between psychological variables and physical diseases. Even though some authors examined the relationship between personality and specific diseases, no scientific attention has been paid to the role of personality in the development of cardiotoxicity arising from cancer treatments. Yet this is an important objective, given that determining whether personality influences cardiac toxicity of anticancer treatments could inform the processes by which stable psychological factors influence health. This contribution summarizes and analyzes the available scientific evidence about the association between personality and main cardiotoxicity-related-diseases of anticancer therapies, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases, in order to sketch a hypothetical model of the relationship between personality traits and cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Durosini
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ketti Mazzocco
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Triberti
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gabriella Pravettoni
- Applied Research Division for Cognitive and Psychological Science, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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7
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Verberne HJ, Verschure DO. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: Is there a role for myocardial 123I-mIBG scintigraphy? J Nucl Cardiol 2020; 27:940-942. [PMID: 30603895 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-018-01584-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hein J Verberne
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, F2-238, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Derk O Verschure
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, F2-238, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiology, Zaans Medical Center, Zaandam, The Netherlands
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8
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Caru M, Corbin D, Périé D, Lemay V, Delfrate J, Drouin S, Bertout L, Krajinovic M, Laverdière C, Andelfinger G, Sinnett D, Curnier D. Doxorubicin treatments induce significant changes on the cardiac autonomic nervous system in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia long-term survivors. Clin Res Cardiol 2019; 108:1000-1008. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-019-01427-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Dreyfuss AD, Bravo PE, Koumenis C, Ky B. Precision Cardio-Oncology. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:443-450. [PMID: 30655328 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.220137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern oncologic therapies and care have resulted in a growing population of cancer survivors with comorbid, chronic health conditions. As an example, many survivors have an increased risk of cardiovascular complications secondary to cardiotoxic systemic and radiation therapies. In response, the field of cardio-oncology has emerged as an integral component of oncologic patient care, committed to the early diagnosis and treatment of adverse cardiac events. However, as current clinical management of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular disease remains limited by a lack of phenotypic data, implementation of precision medicine approaches has become a focal point for deep phenotyping strategies. In particular, -omics approaches (a field of study in biology ending in -omic, such as genomics, proteomics, or metabolomics) have shown enormous potential in identifying sensitive biomarkers of cardiovascular disease, applying sophisticated, pattern-revealing technologies to growing databases of biologic molecules. Moreover, the use of -omics to inform radiologic strategies may add a dimension to future clinical practices. In this review, we present a paradigm for a precision medicine approach to the care of cardiotoxin-exposed cancer patients. We discuss the role of current imaging techniques; demonstrate how -omics can advance our understanding of disease phenotypes; and describe how molecular imaging can be integrated to personalize surveillance and therapeutics, ultimately reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in cancer patients and survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Dreyfuss
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Paco E Bravo
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and
| | - Constantinos Koumenis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Bonnie Ky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and .,Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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10
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Patel NR, Chyu CK, Satou GM, Halnon NJ, Nguyen KL. Left atrial function in children and young adult cancer survivors treated with anthracyclines. Echocardiography 2018; 35:1649-1656. [DOI: 10.1111/echo.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nisha R. Patel
- Division of Cardiology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Los Angeles California
| | - Christopher K. Chyu
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Mattel Children's Hospital; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Benioff Children's Hospital; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco California
| | - Gary M. Satou
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Mattel Children's Hospital; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Nancy J. Halnon
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology; Mattel Children's Hospital; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; Los Angeles California
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Division of Cardiology; David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA; and VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Los Angeles California
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11
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Proctor P, Hage FG. Serial Cardiac Nuclear Imaging: Opportunities and Challenges. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-018-9442-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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AlJaroudi WA, Hage FG. Review of cardiovascular imaging in the Journal of Nuclear Cardiology 2017. Part 1 of 2: Positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance. J Nucl Cardiol 2018; 25:320-330. [PMID: 29119374 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-1120-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several original articles and editorials have been published in the Journal of Nuclear Cardiology in 2017. It has become a tradition at the beginning of each year to summarize some of these key articles in 2 sister reviews. In this first part one, we will discuss some of the progress made in the field of heart failure (cardio-oncology, myocardial blood flow, viability, dyssynchrony, and risk stratification), inflammation, molecular and hybrid imaging using advancement in positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A AlJaroudi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Clemenceau Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Fadi G Hage
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 306 Lyons-Harrison Research Building, 701 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, 35294-0007, USA.
- Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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13
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Laursen AH, Thune JJ, Hutchings M, Hasbak P, Kjaer A, Elming MB, Ripa RS. 123
I-MIBG imaging for detection of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2017; 38:176-185. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adam H. Laursen
- Department of Haematology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | | | - Philip Hasbak
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging; Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Andreas Kjaer
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging; Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Marie B. Elming
- Department of Cardiology; Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Rasmus S. Ripa
- Department of Clinical Physiology; Nuclear Medicine & PET and Cluster for Molecular Imaging; Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
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14
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Kim AS, Bergmann SR. Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: The search continues. J Nucl Cardiol 2017; 24:265-267. [PMID: 26645603 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-015-0352-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes S Kim
- Department of Medicine, The Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Steven R Bergmann
- Department of Medicine, The Pat and Jim Calhoun Cardiology Center, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA.
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA.
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