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Makvandi P, Shabani M, Rabiee N, Anjani QK, Maleki A, Zare EN, Sabri AHB, De Pasquale D, Koskinopoulou M, Sharifi E, Sartorius R, Seyedhamzeh M, Bochani S, Hirata I, Paiva-Santos AC, Mattos LS, Donnelly RF, Mattoli V. Engineering and Development of a Tissue Model for the Evaluation of Microneedle Penetration Ability, Drug Diffusion, Photothermal Activity, and Ultrasound Imaging: A Promising Surrogate to Ex Vivo and In Vivo Tissues. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2210034. [PMID: 36739591 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202210034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Driven by regulatory authorities and the ever-growing demands from industry, various artificial tissue models have been developed. Nevertheless, there is no model to date that is capable of mimicking the biomechanical properties of the skin whilst exhibiting the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity properties of the skin layers. As a proof-of-concept study, tissue surrogates based on gel and silicone are fabricated for the evaluation of microneedle penetration, drug diffusion, photothermal activity, and ultrasound bioimaging. The silicone layer aims to imitate the stratum corneum while the gel layer aims to mimic the water-rich viable epidermis and dermis present in in vivo tissues. The diffusion of drugs across the tissue model is assessed, and the results reveal that the proposed tissue model shows similar behavior to a cancerous kidney. In place of typical in vitro aqueous solutions, this model can also be employed for evaluating the photoactivity of photothermal agents since the tissue model shows a similar heating profile to skin of mice when irradiated with near-infrared laser. In addition, the designed tissue model exhibits promising results for biomedical applications in optical coherence tomography and ultrasound imaging. Such a tissue model paves the way to reduce the use of animals testing in research whilst obviating ethical concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Pisa, Italy
- School of Engineering, Institute for Bioengineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3JL, UK
| | - Majid Shabani
- The BioRobotics Institute, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pontedera, 56025, Pisa, Italy
- Bioinspired Soft Robotics Laboratory, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Navid Rabiee
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- School of Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, 2109, Australia
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Aziz Maleki
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical, Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 45139-56184, Iran
| | | | | | - Daniele De Pasquale
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Koskinopoulou
- Department of Advanced Robotics (ADVR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Esmaeel Sharifi
- Cancer Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, 65178-38736, Iran
| | - Rossella Sartorius
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology (IBBC), National Research Council (CNR), 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Mohammad Seyedhamzeh
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical, Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 45139-56184, Iran
| | - Shayesteh Bochani
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical, Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 45139-56184, Iran
| | - Ikue Hirata
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga Sta. Comba, Coimbra, 3000-548, Portugal
| | - Leonardo S Mattos
- Department of Advanced Robotics (ADVR), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Virgilio Mattoli
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, Pontedera, 56025, Pisa, Italy
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Szíjjártó C, Rossi S, Waton G, Krafft MP. Effects of perfluorocarbon gases on the size and stability characteristics of phospholipid-coated microbubbles: osmotic effect versus interfacial film stabilization. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:1182-1189. [PMID: 22176688 DOI: 10.1021/la2043944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Micrometer-sized bubbles coated with phospholipids are used as contrast agents for ultrasound imaging and have potential for oxygen, drug, and gene delivery and as therapeutic devices. An internal perfluorocarbon (FC) gas is generally used to stabilize them osmotically. We report here on the effects of three relatively heavy FCs, perfluorohexane (F-hexane), perfluorodiglyme (F-diglyme ), and perfluorotriglyme (F-triglyme), on the size and stability characteristics of microbubbles coated with a soft shell of dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and on the surface tension and compressibility of DMPC monolayers. Monomodal populations of small bubbles (~1.3 ± 0.2 μm in radius, polydispersivity index ~8%) were prepared by sonication, followed by centrifugal fractionation. The mean microbubble size, size distribution, and stability were determined by acoustical attenuation measurements, static light scattering, and optical microscopy. The half-lives of F-hexane- and F-diglyme-stabilized bubbles (149 ± 8 and 134 ± 3 min, respectively) were about 2 times longer than with the heavier F-triglyme (76 ± 7 min) and 4-5 times longer than with air (34 ± 3 min). Remarkably, the bubbles are smaller than the minimal size values calculated assuming that the bubbles are stabilized osmotically by the insoluble FC gases. Particularly striking is that bubbles 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the calculated collapse radius can be prepared with F-triglyme, while its very low vapor pressure prohibits any osmotic effect. The interface between an aqueous DMPC dispersion and air, or air (or N(2)) saturated with the FCs, was investigated by tensiometry and by Langmuir monolayer compressions. Remarkably, after 3 h, the tensions at the interface between an aqueous DMPC dispersion (0.5 mmol L(-1)) and air were lowered from ~50 ± 1 to ~37 ± 1 mN m(-1) when F-hexane and F-diglyme were present and to ~40 ± 1 mN m(-1) for F-triglyme. Also noteworthy, the adsorption kinetics of DMPC at the interface, as obtained by dynamic tensiometry, were accelerated up to 3-fold when the FC gases were present. The compression isotherms show that all these FC gases significantly increase the surface pressure (from ~0 to ~10 mN m(-1)) at large molecular areas (70 Å(2)), implying their incorporation into the DMPC monolayer. All three FC gases increase the monolayer's collapse pressures significantly (~61 ± 2 mN m(-1)) as compared to air (~54 ± 2 mN m(-1)), providing for interfacial tensions as low as ~11 mN m(-1) (vs ~18 mN m(-1) in their absence). The FC gases increase the compressibility of the DMPC monolayer by 20-50%. These results establish that, besides their osmotic effect, FC gases contribute to bubble stabilization by decreasing the DMPC interfacial tension, hence reducing the Laplace pressure. This contribution, although significant, still does not suffice to explain the large discrepancy observed between calculated and experimental bubble half-lives. The case of F-triglyme, which has no osmotic effect, indicates that its effects on the DMPC shell (increased collapse pressure, decreased interfacial tension, and increased compressibility) contribute to bubble stabilization. F-hexane and F-diglyme provided both the smallest mean bubble sizes and the longest bubble half-lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csongor Szíjjártó
- Systèmes Organisés Fluorés à Finalités Thérapeutiques (SOFFT), Institut Charles Sadron (CNRS, UPR 22), Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
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