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Surov A, Akritidou M, Bach AG, Bailis N, Lerche M, Meyer HJ, Pech M, Wienke A. A New Index for the Prediction of 30-Day Mortality in Patients With Pulmonary Embolism: The Pulmonary Embolism Mortality Score (PEMS). Angiology 2021; 72:787-793. [PMID: 33557585 PMCID: PMC8326960 DOI: 10.1177/0003319721993346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to analyze possibility of combination of basic clinical and radiological signs to predict 30-day mortality after acute pulmonary embolism (PE). We included 486 patients. Age, gender, simplified pulmonary embolism index (sPESI), pH, troponin, N-terminal natriuretic peptide, minimal systolic and diastolic blood pressure, O2 saturation, syncope, need for vasopressors, thrombotic obstruction, vessel diameter, short axis ratio right ventricle/left ventricle, and contrast medium reflux into the inferior vena cava (IVC) were analyzed. A backward algorithm in a logistic regression model was used to identify relevant risk factors. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified that sPESI, pH, minimal diastolic blood pressure, IVC reflux, and need for vasopressors influenced 30-day mortality. A score for mortality prediction was constructed (the Pulmonary Embolism Mortality Score): sPESI >2 points (1 point), pH <7.35 (1 point), minimal diastolic blood pressure <45 mm Hg (1 point), IVC reflux (1 point), and need for vasopressors (2 points). Patients with >3 points showed higher 30-day mortality (sensitivity: 84.9%, specificity: 83.0%, positive predictive value: 51.8%, negative predictive value: 96.2%). The net reclassification improvement compared with the sPESI was 0.94 (95% CI = 0.73-1.15). In conclusion, a new score can predict 30-day mortality in patients with PE and is more sensitive than sPESI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Surov
- Department of Radiology, University of Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mideia Akritidou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Gunther Bach
- Department of Radiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Marianne Lerche
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Maciej Pech
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wienke
- Institute of Medical Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Informatics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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Geissenberger F, Schwarz F, Probst M, Haberl S, Gruetzner S, Kroencke T, von Scheidt W, Berghaus TM. D-Dimer Predicts Disease Severity but Not Long-Term Prognosis in Acute Pulmonary Embolism. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2020; 25:1076029619863495. [PMID: 31298057 PMCID: PMC6714905 DOI: 10.1177/1076029619863495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
D-dimer might be correlated with prognosis in pulmonary embolism (PE). The predictive value of plasma D-dimer for disease severity and survival was investigated in the lowest and highest D-dimer quartile among 200 patients with PE. Patients with high D-dimers were significantly more often hypotensive (P = .001), tachycardic (P = .016), or hypoxemic (P = .001). Pulmonary arterial obstruction index (PAOI) values were significantly higher in the high D-dimer quartile (P < .001). Elevated troponin I (TNI) levels (P < .001), simplified PE severity indices ≥1 (P < .001), right-to-left ventricular (RV/LV) diameter ratios ≥1 (P < .001), and thrombolysis (P = .001) were more frequent in the high D-dimer quartile. D-dimer was associated with RV/LV ratios ≥1 (P = .021), elevated PAOI (P < .001) or TNI levels (P < .001), hypotension (P < .001), tachycardia (P = .003), and hypoxemia (P < .001), but not with long-term all-cause mortality. D-dimer predicts disease severity but not long-term prognosis in acute PE, possibly due to a more aggressive treatment strategy in severely affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Geissenberger
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Florian Schwarz
- 2 Department of Radiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.,3 Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Probst
- 2 Department of Radiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Haberl
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Gruetzner
- 4 Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hemostaseology, University hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kroencke
- 2 Department of Radiology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang von Scheidt
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.,3 Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas M Berghaus
- 1 Department of Cardiology, Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany.,3 Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Lerche M, Bailis N, Akritidou M, Meyer HJ, Surov A. Pulmonary Vessel Obstruction Does Not Correlate with Severity of Pulmonary Embolism. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8050584. [PMID: 31035342 PMCID: PMC6571763 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze possible relationships between pulmonary vessel obstruction and clinically relevant parameters and scores in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). Overall, 246 patients (48.8% women and 51.2% men) with a mean age of 64.0 ± 17.1 years were involved in the retrospective study. The following clinical scores were calculated in the patients: Wells score, Geneva score, and pulmonary embolism severity index (PESI) score. Levels of D-dimer (µg/mL), lactate, pH, troponin, and N-terminal natriuretic peptide (BNP, pg/mL) were acquired. Thrombotic obstruction of the pulmonary arteries was quantified according to Mastora score. The data collected were evaluated by means of descriptive statistics. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to analyze associations between the investigated parameters. P values < 0.05 were taken to indicate statistical significance. Mastora score correlated weakly with lactate level and tended to correlate with D-dimer and BNP levels. No other clinical or serological parameters correlated significantly with clot burden. Thrombotic obstruction of pulmonary vessels did not correlate with clinical severity of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lerche
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Nikolaos Bailis
- Department of Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mideia Akritidou
- Department of Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hans Jonas Meyer
- Department of Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexey Surov
- Department of Radiology, University of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Yazıcı S, Kırış T, Ceylan US, Akyüz Ş, Uzun AO, Hacı R, Terzi S, Doğan A, Emre A, Yeşilçimen K. The accuracy of combined use of troponin and red cell distribution width in predicting mortality of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2016; 128:596-603. [PMID: 27647364 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-016-1081-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac troponins and red cell distribution width (RDW) are associated with increased mortality in acute pulmonary embolism (PE). In this study, we aimed to investigate the accuracy of the combined use of troponin and RDW in predicting short-term mortality in acute PE patients. METHODS The data of 201 patients with the diagnosis of acute PE were retrospectively analyzed. We obtained troponin-RDW scores (TR scores) using a combination of troponin and RDW values, and then evaluated this score's accuracy in predicting mortality in patients with acute PE. RESULTS The mean participant age was 68 ± 16 years, and 52 % of patients were female. Fifteen (7.4 %) patients died during the first month. Patients classified as high-risk according to TR scores were older (72 ± 15 vs. 66 ± 15 years, p = 0.005), and they had higher heart rates (101 ± 20 vs. 90 ± 15 beat/min, p < 0.001) and respiratory rates (23 ± 4 vs. 21 ± 3 breath/min, p = 0.001). In multivariate analysis, TR (odds ratio [OR] 4.93, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.13-21.38, p = 0.033) and simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) scores (OR 3.78, 95 % CI 1.71-8.37, p = 0.002) were independent predictors of 30-day mortality. For 30-day mortality, the TR score had a slightly lower sensitivity (87 % vs. 93 %), but a higher specificity (69 % vs. 52 %) compared to the sPESI score. CONCLUSION The TR score is easy to calculate, and it may be used to predict early mortality in patients with acute PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selçuk Yazıcı
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey.
- , Cihadiye Street, No: 61/10 A-Blok, 34840, Altıntepe, Maltepe-İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tuncay Kırış
- Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Cardiology Clinic, Katip Celebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ufuk S Ceylan
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Şükrü Akyüz
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet O Uzun
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Recep Hacı
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sait Terzi
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Doğan
- Medical School, İzmir Katip Celebi University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Emre
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kemal Yeşilçimen
- Cardiology Clinic, Dr.Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, İstanbul, Turkey
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Keller K, Geyer M, Coldewey M, Beule J, Balzer JO, Dippold W. Elevated systolic pulmonary artery pressure for prediction of myocardial necrosis and right ventricular dysfunction in acute pulmonary embolism. COR ET VASA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crvasa.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Daquarti G, March Vecchio N, Mitrione CS, Furmento J, Ametrano MC, Dominguez Pace MP, Costabel JP. High-sensitivity troponin and right ventricular function in acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Emerg Med 2016; 34:1579-82. [PMID: 27306263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2016.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction has proved to be an important predictor of morbidity and mortality in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is one of the parameters that have been validated as predictor of outcomes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the performance (sensitivity and specificity) of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) to predict RV dysfunction defined as TAPSE <16 mm. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective analysis of 40 patients prospectively included. Median age was 66 years (59-76) and PESI score was 81 (67-100). RESULTS Right ventricular dysfunction was present in 30% of the patients and was associated with higher median troponin values (33.5 ng/L vs 16 ng/L; P= .03). A logarithmic relation was observed between hs-cTnT and lower TAPSE values (r(2)= 0.36; P< .0001). The area under the ROC curve of hs-cTnT to predict RV dysfunction was 0.77 (0.63-0.92). CONCLUSION hs-cTnT is a biomarker with good performance to identify RV dysfunction in PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Daquarti
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires (ICBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | | | | | - Juan Furmento
- Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires (ICBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Keller K, Beule J, Balzer JO, Dippold W. Blood pressure for outcome prediction and risk stratification in acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Emerg Med 2015; 33:1617-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2015.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- M. L. Handoko
- Department of Cardiology and Physiology, VU University Medical Center / Institute for Cardiovascular Research, De Boelelaan 1117 - 5F013, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - F. S. de Man
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, VU University Medical Center / Institute for Cardiovascular Research, De Boelelaan 1117 - 4F002, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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