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Molecular docking, 3D-QSAR and structural optimization on imidazo-pyridine derivatives dually targeting AT1 and PPARg. Oncotarget 2018; 8:25612-25627. [PMID: 28445965 PMCID: PMC5421955 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Telmisartan, a bifunctional agent of blood pressure lowering and glycemia reduction, was previously reported to antagonize angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor and partially activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) simultaneously. Through the modification to telmisartan, researchers designed and obtained imidazo-\pyridine derivatives with the IC50s of 0.49∼94.1 nM against AT1 and EC50s of 20∼3640 nM towards PPARγ partial activation. For minutely inquiring the interaction modes with the relevant receptor and analyzing the structure-activity relationships, molecular docking and 3D-QSAR (Quantitative structure-activity relationships) analysis of these imidazo-\pyridines on dual targets were conducted in this work. Docking approaches of these derivatives with both receptors provided explicit interaction behaviors and excellent matching degree with the binding pockets. The best CoMFA (Comparative Molecular Field Analysis) models exhibited predictive results of q2=0.553, r2=0.954, SEE=0.127, r2pred=0.779 for AT1 and q2=0.503, r2=1.00, SEE=0.019, r2pred=0.604 for PPARγ, respectively. The contour maps from the optimal model showed detailed information of structural features (steric and electrostatic fields) towards the biological activity. Combining the bioisosterism with the valuable information from above studies, we designed six molecules with better predicted activities towards AT1 and PPARγ partial activation. Overall, these results could be useful for designing potential dual AT1 antagonists and partial PPARγ agonists.
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Al Sharif M, Alov P, Diukendjieva A, Vitcheva V, Simeonova R, Krasteva I, Shkondrov A, Tsakovska I, Pajeva I. Molecular determinants of PPARγ partial agonism and related in silico/in vivo studies of natural saponins as potential type 2 diabetes modulators. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 112:47-59. [PMID: 29247773 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome, which includes hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, has reached an epidemic-like scale. Saponins and sapogenins are considered as valuable natural products for ameliorating this pathology, possibly through the nuclear receptor PPARγ activation. The aims of this study were: to look for in vivo antidiabetic effects of a purified saponins' mixture (PSM) from Astragalus corniculatus Bieb; to reveal by in silico methods the molecular determinants of PPARγ partial agonism, and to investigate the potential PPARγ participation in the PSM effects. In the in vivo experiments spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with induced T2D were treated with PSM or pioglitazone as a referent PPARγ full agonist, and pathology-relevant biochemical markers were analysed. The results provided details on the PSM modulation of the glucose homeostasis and its potential mechanism. The in silico studies focused on analysis of the protein-ligand interactions in crystal structures of human PPARγ-partial agonist complexes, pharmacophore modelling and molecular docking. They outlined key pharmacophoric features, typical for the PPARγ partial agonists, which were used for pharmacophore-based docking of the main PSM sapogenin. The in silico studies, strongly suggest possible involvement of PPARγ-mediated mechanisms in the in vivo antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of PSM from A. corniculatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merilin Al Sharif
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Petko Alov
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Antonia Diukendjieva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Vessela Vitcheva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Dunav 2 Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Rumyana Simeonova
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Dunav 2 Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ilina Krasteva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Dunav 2 Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Aleksandar Shkondrov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Dunav 2 Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ivanka Tsakovska
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | - Ilza Pajeva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., bl. 105, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
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