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Ramos-Campoy O, Comas-Albertí A, Hervás D, Borrego-Écija S, Bosch B, Sandoval J, Fort-Aznar L, Moreno-Izco F, Fernández-Villullas G, Molina-Porcel L, Balasa M, Lladó A, Sánchez-Valle R, Antonell A. Genome-Wide DNA Methylation in Early-Onset-Dementia Patients Brain Tissue and Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5445. [PMID: 38791483 PMCID: PMC11121630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics, a potential underlying pathogenic mechanism of neurodegenerative diseases, has been in the scope of several studies performed so far. However, there is a gap in regard to analyzing different forms of early-onset dementia and the use of Lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). We performed a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis on sixty-four samples (from the prefrontal cortex and LCLs) including those taken from patients with early-onset forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and healthy controls. A beta regression model and adjusted p-values were used to obtain differentially methylated positions (DMPs) via pairwise comparisons. A correlation analysis of DMP levels with Clariom D array gene expression data from the same cohort was also performed. The results showed hypermethylation as the most frequent finding in both tissues studied in the patient groups. Biological significance analysis revealed common pathways altered in AD and FTD patients, affecting neuron development, metabolism, signal transduction, and immune system pathways. These alterations were also found in LCL samples, suggesting the epigenetic changes might not be limited to the central nervous system. In the brain, CpG methylation presented an inverse correlation with gene expression, while in LCLs, we observed mainly a positive correlation. This study enhances our understanding of the biological pathways that are associated with neurodegeneration, describes differential methylation patterns, and suggests LCLs are a potential cell model for studying neurodegenerative diseases in earlier clinical phases than brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Ramos-Campoy
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aina Comas-Albertí
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Hervás
- Department of Applied Statistics and Operations Research and Quality, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sergi Borrego-Écija
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Bosch
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Sandoval
- Epigenomics Core Facility, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Laura Fort-Aznar
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fermín Moreno-Izco
- Cognitive Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitario Donostia, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Biogipuzkoa, Neurosciences Area, Group of Neurodegenerative Diseases, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Guadalupe Fernández-Villullas
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Molina-Porcel
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Neurological Tissue Bank, Biobank-Hospital Clinic-IDIBAPS, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mircea Balasa
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lladó
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Sánchez-Valle
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Antonell
- Alzheimer's Disease and Other Cognitive Disorders Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, FRCB-IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
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Li S, Zhang J, Liu X, Wang N, Sun L, Liu J, Liu X, Masoudi A, Wang H, Li C, Guo C, Liu X. Proteomic characterization of hUC-MSC extracellular vesicles and evaluation of its therapeutic potential to treat Alzheimer's disease. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5959. [PMID: 38472335 PMCID: PMC10933327 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56549-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hUC-MSC) extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been used as a cell replacement therapy and have been shown to effectively overcome some of the disadvantages of cell therapy. However, the specific mechanism of action of EVs is still unclear, and there is no appropriate system for characterizing the differences in the molecular active substances of EVs produced by cells in different physiological states. We used a data-independent acquisition (DIA) quantitative proteomics method to identify and quantify the protein composition of two generations EVs from three different donors and analysed the function and possible mechanism of action of the proteins in EVs of hUC-MSCs via bioinformatics. By comparative proteomic analysis, we characterized the different passages EVs. Furthermore, we found that adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit alpha 1 (AP2A1) and adaptor-related protein complex 2 subunit beta 1 (AP2B1) in hUC-MSC-derived EVs may play a significant role in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by regulating the synaptic vesicle cycle signalling pathway. Our work provides a direction for batch-to-batch quality control of hUC-MSC-derived EVs and their application in AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xinxing Liu
- Jianyuan Precision Medicines (Zhangjiakou) Co., Ltd., Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Ningmei Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Luyao Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Jianling Liu
- Jianyuan Precision Medicines (Zhangjiakou) Co., Ltd., Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
- Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Xingliang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Abolfazl Masoudi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Fifth Hospital of Zhangjiakou, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China
| | - Chunyan Guo
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Neuropharmacology; Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.
| | - Xifu Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Anti-Tumour Molecular Target Technology Innovation Center, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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3
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Zhang Z, Liu X, Zhang S, Song Z, Lu K, Yang W. A review and analysis of key biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1358998. [PMID: 38445255 PMCID: PMC10912539 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1358998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects over 50 million elderly individuals worldwide. Although the pathogenesis of AD is not fully understood, based on current research, researchers are able to identify potential biomarker genes and proteins that may serve as effective targets against AD. This article aims to present a comprehensive overview of recent advances in AD biomarker identification, with highlights on the use of various algorithms, the exploration of relevant biological processes, and the investigation of shared biomarkers with co-occurring diseases. Additionally, this article includes a statistical analysis of key genes reported in the research literature, and identifies the intersection with AD-related gene sets from databases such as AlzGen, GeneCard, and DisGeNet. For these gene sets, besides enrichment analysis, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks utilized to identify central genes among the overlapping genes. Enrichment analysis, protein interaction network analysis, and tissue-specific connectedness analysis based on GTEx database performed on multiple groups of overlapping genes. Our work has laid the foundation for a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of AD and more accurate identification of key AD markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Xiangtao Liu
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Suixia Zhang
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention, Treatment of Central Asian High Incidence Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Zhixin Song
- College of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Ke Lu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Wenzhong Yang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Ürümqi, China
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Mao S, Huang X, Chen R, Zhang C, Diao Y, Li Z, Wang Q, Tang S, Guo S. STW-MD: a novel spatio-temporal weighting and multi-step decision tree method for considering spatial heterogeneity in brain gene expression data. Brief Bioinform 2024; 25:bbae051. [PMID: 38385881 PMCID: PMC10883420 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbae051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Gene expression during brain development or abnormal development is a biological process that is highly dynamic in spatio and temporal. Previous studies have mainly focused on individual brain regions or a certain developmental stage. Our motivation is to address this gap by incorporating spatio-temporal information to gain a more complete understanding of brain development or abnormal brain development, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), and to identify potential determinants of response. In this study, we propose a novel two-step framework based on spatial-temporal information weighting and multi-step decision trees. This framework can effectively exploit the spatial similarity and temporal dependence between different stages and different brain regions, and facilitate differential gene analysis in brain regions with high heterogeneity. We focus on two datasets: the AD dataset, which includes gene expression data from early, middle and late stages, and the brain development dataset, spanning fetal development to adulthood. Our findings highlight the advantages of the proposed framework in discovering gene classes and elucidating their impact on brain development and AD progression across diverse brain regions and stages. These findings align with existing studies and provide insights into the processes of normal and abnormal brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanjun Mao
- Department of Statistics, Hunan University, Shijiachong Road, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Statistics, Hunan University, Shijiachong Road, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Runjiu Chen
- Department of Statistics, Hunan University, Shijiachong Road, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Chenyang Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Hunan University, Shijiachong Road, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yizhu Diao
- Department of Statistics, Hunan University, Shijiachong Road, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Central University of Finance and Economics
| | - Qingzhe Wang
- Shanghai Institute for Advanced Studies, University of Science and Technology of China
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Statistics, Hunan University, Shijiachong Road, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Shuixia Guo
- MOE-LCSM, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road, Changsha 410000, China
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5
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Afshari S, Sarailoo M, Asghariazar V, Safarzadeh E, Dadkhah M. Persistent diazinon induced neurotoxicity: The effect on inhibitory avoidance memory performance, amyloid precursor proteins, and TNF-α levels in the prefrontal cortex of rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2024; 43:9603271241235408. [PMID: 38472141 DOI: 10.1177/09603271241235408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Organophosphate pesticides (Ops) like diazinon (DZN) have well-known neurotoxic effects and low-level chronic exposure has been linked to detrimental neurobehavioral impairments and memory deficits. However, it's not entirely clear how DZN-induced biological changes, particularly in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) contribute to these effects. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of DZN exposure on inhibitory avoidance (IA) memory function, amyloid precursor expression (APP), and proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in the rat cortex. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rats were divided into 4 groups and recived 2 mg/kg DZN for 5-days or 12-weeks and two control groups recived the same volume of vehicle. IA memory was assesed using the shuttle box apparatus. Rats were sacrificed and the prefrontal cortex PFC were removed. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to messure TNF-α, and amyloid protein precursors gene expression and protein levels. RESULTS Our findings indicated that DZN caused body weight loss and a notable decline in performance on the IA memory. Additionally, 5-days exposure increased APP and APLP2 protein levels in the PFC, while 12-weeks exposure decreased these levels. Furthermore, expression of APP and APLP2 gens were decreased in PFC. TNF-α levels increased as a result of 5-days exposure to DZN, but these levels dropped to normal after 12-weeks administration, and this observation was significant. CONCLUSION Taken together, exposure to low doses of DZN leads to disturbances in IA memory performance and also alternations in amyloid beta precursors that can be related to increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salva Afshari
- Students Research Committee, Pharmacy School, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mehdi Sarailoo
- Students Research Committee, School of Public Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Vahid Asghariazar
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Deputy of Research & Technology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Parasitology, and Immunology, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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6
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Liang J, LaFleur B, Hussainy S, Perry G. Gene Co-Expression Analysis of Multiple Brain Tissues Reveals Correlation of FAM222A Expression with Multiple Alzheimer's Disease-Related Genes. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:S249-S263. [PMID: 37092222 PMCID: PMC11091573 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly marked by central nervous system (CNS) neuronal loss and amyloid plaques. FAM222A, encoding an amyloid plaque core protein, is an AD brain atrophy susceptibility gene that mediates amyloid-β aggregation. However, the expression interplay between FAM222A and other AD-related pathway genes is unclear. Objective Our goal was to study FAM222A's whole-genome co-expression profile in multiple tissues and investigate its interplay with other AD-related genes. Methods We analyzed gene expression correlations in Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) tissues to identify FAM222A co-expressed genes and performed functional enrichment analysis on identified genes in CNS system. Results Genome-wide gene expression profiling identified 673 genes significantly correlated with FAM222A (p < 2.5×10-6) in 48 human tissues, including 298 from 13 CNS tissues. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that FAM222A co-expressed CNS genes were enriched in multiple AD-related pathways. Gene co-expression network analysis for identified genes in each brain region predicted other disease associated genes with similar biological function. Furthermore, co-expression of 25 out of 31 AD-related pathways genes with FAM222A was replicated in brain samples from 107 aged subjects from the Aging, Dementia and TBI Study. Conclusion This gene co-expression study identified multiple AD-related genes that are associated with FAM222A, indicating that FAM222A and AD-associated genes can be active simultaneously in similar biological processes, providing evidence that supports the association of FAM222A with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Bonnie LaFleur
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sadiya Hussainy
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - George Perry
- College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Li X, Zhao Y, Kong H, Song C, Liu J, Xia J. Identification of region-specific splicing QTLs in human hippocampal tissue and its distinctive role in brain disorders. iScience 2023; 26:107958. [PMID: 37810239 PMCID: PMC10558811 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) regulation has an essential role in complex diseases. However, the AS profiles in the hippocampal (HIPPO) region of human brain are underexplored. Here, we investigated cis-acting sQTLs of HIPPO region in 264 samples and identified thousands of significant sQTLs. By enrichment analysis and functional characterization of these sQTLs, we found that the HIPPO sQTLs were enriched among histone-marked regions, transcription factors binding sites, RNA binding proteins sites, and brain disorders-associated loci. Comparative analyses with the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex revealed the importance of AS regulation in HIPPO (rg = 0.87). Furthermore, we performed a transcriptome-wide association study of Alzheimer's disease and identified 16 significant genes whose genetically regulated splicing levels may have a causal role in Alzheimer. Overall, our study improves our knowledge of the transcriptome gene regulation in the HIPPO region and provides novel insights into elucidating the pathogenesis of potential genes associated with brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Li
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Yiran Zhao
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Hui Kong
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Chengcheng Song
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - Junfeng Xia
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
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Nie B, Duan Y, Xie X, Qiu L, Shi S, Fan Z, Zheng X, Jiang L. Systematic analysis of cuproptosis-related genes in immunological characterization and predictive drugs in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1204530. [PMID: 37920383 PMCID: PMC10618683 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1204530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to make a systematic analysis of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in immunological characterization and predictive drugs in Alzheimer's disease (AD) through bioinformatics and biological experiments. Methods The molecular clusters related to CRGs and associated immune cell infiltrations in AD were investigated. The diagnostic models were constructed for AD and different AD subtypes. Moreover, drug prediction and molecular docking were also performed. Subsequently, a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was conducted to further verify the findings. Finally, RT-qPCR validation was performed. Results The characterization of 12 AD-related CRGs was evaluated in AD, and a diagnostic model for AD showed a satisfying discrimination power based on five CRGs by LASSO regression analysis. The dysregulated CRGs and activated immune responses partially differed between patients with AD and healthy subjects. Furthermore, two molecular subtypes (clusters A and B) with different immune infiltration characteristics in AD were identified. Similarly, a diagnostic model for different AD subtypes was built with nine CRGs, which achieved a good performance. Molecular docking revealed the optimum conformation of CHEMBL261454 and its target gene CSNK1D, which was further validated by MD simulation. The RT-qPCR results were consistent with those of the comprehensive analysis. Conclusion This study systematically elucidated the complex relationship between cuproptosis and AD, providing novel molecular targets for treatment and diagnosis biomarkers of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Nie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Yefen Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yibin No. 4 People’s Hospital, Yibin, China
| | - Xuelong Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Imaging Department, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Shaorui Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Zhili Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Xuxiang Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People’s Hospital of Yibin·West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin, China
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Zhao S, Chi L, Chen H. CEGA: a method for inferring natural selection by comparative population genomic analysis across species. Genome Biol 2023; 24:219. [PMID: 37789379 PMCID: PMC10548728 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-03068-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed maximum likelihood method for detecting positive selection or balancing selection using multilocus or genomic polymorphism and divergence data from two species. The method is especially useful for investigating natural selection in noncoding regions. Simulations demonstrate that the method outperforms existing methods in detecting both positive and balancing selection. We apply the method to population genomic data from human and chimpanzee. The list of genes identified under selection in the noncoding regions is prominently enriched in pathways related to the brain and nervous system. Therefore, our method will serve as a useful tool for comparative population genomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilei Zhao
- CAS Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- School of Future Technology, College of Life Sciences and Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lianjiang Chi
- CAS Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Hua Chen
- CAS Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- School of Future Technology, College of Life Sciences and Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
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10
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Ni P, Pan K, Zhao B. Influence of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification on cell phenotype in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289068. [PMID: 37549144 PMCID: PMC10406241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research has suggested that m6A modification takes on critical significance to Neurodegeneration. As indicated by the genome-wide map of m6A mRNA, genes in Alzheimer's disease model achieved significant m6A methylation. This study aimed to investigate the hub gene and pathway of m6A modification in the pathogenesis of AD. Moreover, possible brain regions with higher gene expression levels and compounds exerting potential therapeutic effects were identified. Thus, this study can provide a novel idea to explore the treatment of AD. METHODS Differential expression genes (DEGs) of GSE5281 and GSE48350 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were screened using the Limma package. Next, the enrichment analysis was conducted on the screened DEGs. Moreover, the functional annotation was given for N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification gene. The protein-protein interaction network (PPI) analysis and the visualization analysis were conducted using STRING and Cytoscape. The hub gene was identified using CytoHubba. The expression levels of Hub genes in different regions of brain tissue were analyzed based on Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database and Bgee database. Subsequently, the candidate drugs targeting hub genes were screened using cMAP. RESULTS A total of 42 m6A modified genes were identified in AD (20 up-regulated and 22 down-regulated genes). The above-described genes played a certain role in biological processes (e.g., retinoic acid, DNA damage response and cysteine-type endopeptidase activity), cellular components (e.g., mitochondrial protein complex), and molecular functions (e.g., RNA methyltransferase activity and ubiquitin protein ligase). KEGG results suggested that the above-mentioned genes were primarily involved in the Hippo signaling pathway of neurodegeneration disease. A total of 10 hub genes were screened using the protein-protein interaction network, and the expression of hub genes in different regions of human brain was studied. Furthermore, 10 compounds with potential therapeutic effects on AD were predicted. CONCLUSION This study revealed the potential role of the m6A modification gene in Alzheimer's disease through the bioinformatics analysis. The biological changes may be correlated with retinoic acid, DNA damage response and cysteine-type endopeptidase activity, which may occur through Hippo signaling pathway. The hub genes (SOX2, KLF4, ITGB4, CD44, MSX1, YAP1, AQP1, EGR2, YWHAZ and TFAP2C) and potential drugs may provide novel research directions for future prognosis and precise treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyun Ni
- Department of Science and Education, Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shannxi, P.R China
| | - Kaiting Pan
- Department of Neurology, Baoji Third Hospital, Baoji, Shannxi, P.R China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- Emergency Department, Baoji Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Baoji, Shannxi, P.R China
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11
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Wang N, Su Y, Diwu Y, Zhang Q. LncRNA NKILA Exacerbates Alzheimer's Disease Progression by Regulating the FOXA1-Mediated Transcription of TNFAIP1. Neurochem Res 2023:10.1007/s11064-023-03944-6. [PMID: 37217807 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the world, which seriously affects AD patients' life quality. Recently, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to play a key role in AD pathogenesis, however, the specific mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA NKILA in AD. The learning and memory performance of rats from streptozotocin (STZ)-treated or other treated groups were tested by Morris water maze test. Relative levels of genes and proteins were measured using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. Mitochondrial membrane potential was tested by JC-1 staining. Levels of ROS, SOD, MDA, GSH-Px, and LDH were measured using corresponding commercial kits. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining or Flow cytometry assay. RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP), RNA pulldown, Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), and dual-luciferase reporter assays were utilized to test the interaction between indicated molecules. STZ treatment caused learning and memory impairment in rats and oxidative stress damage in SH-SY5Y cells. LncRNA NKILA was found to be elevated in the hippocampal tissues of rats and SH-SY5Y cells after STZ exposure. Knockdown of lncRNA NKILA alleviated STZ-induced neuronal damage. Furthermore, lncRNA NKILA could bind to ELAVL1, which regulate the stability of FOXA1 mRNA. Moreover, TNFAIP1 transcription process was controlled by FOXA1, which targeted the promoter of TNFAIP1. In vivo results demonstrated that lncRNA NKILA accelerated STZ-induced neuronal damage and oxidative stress by FOXA1/TNFAIP1 axis. Our findings indicated that knockdown of lncRNA NKILA inhibited the neuronal damage and oxidative stress induced by STZ through the FOXA1/TNFAIP1 axis, thereby alleviating the development of AD, revealing a promising therapeutic axis for AD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Discipline Innovation Team of Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research on TCM Physical Constitution and Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujin Wang
- Department of TCM Diagnosis, Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalee Wang
- Discipline Innovation Team of Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
- Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No.2 Weiyang West Road, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianji Chen
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjin Su
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongchang Diwu
- Discipline Innovation Team of Shaanxi, University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
- Basic Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Encephalopathy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Research on TCM Physical Constitution and Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Behzad M, Zirak N, Madani GH, Baidoo L, Rezaei A, Karbasi S, Sadeghi M, Shafie M, Mayeli M, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. CSF-Targeted Proteomics Indicate Amyloid-Beta Ratios in Patients with Alzheimer's Dementia Spectrum. Int J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 2023:5336273. [PMID: 36793451 PMCID: PMC9925239 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5336273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background According to recent studies, amyloid-β (Aβ) isoforms as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers have remarkable predictive value for cognitive decline in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Herein, we aimed to investigate the correlations between several targeted proteomics in CSF samples with Aβ ratios and cognitive scores in patients in AD spectrum to search for potential early diagnostic utility. Methods A total of 719 participants were found eligible for inclusion. Patients were then categorized into cognitively normal (CN), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and AD and underwent an assessment of Aβ and proteomics. Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR), Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS), and Mini Mental State Exam (MMSE) were used for further cognitive assessment. The Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40, and Aβ42/38 ratios were considered as means of comparison to identify those peptides corresponding significantly to these established biomarkers and cognitive scores. The diagnostic utility of the IASNTQSR, VAELEDEK, VVSSIEQK, GDSVVYGLR, EPVAGDAVPGPK, and QETLPSK was assessed. Results All investigated peptides corresponded significantly to Aβ42 in controls. In those with MCI, VAELEDEK and EPVAGDAVPGPK were significantly correlated with Aβ42 (p value < 0.001). Additionally, IASNTQSR, VVSSIEQK, GDSVVYGLR, and QETLPSK were significantly correlated with Aβ42/Aβ40 and Aβ42/38 (p value < 0.001) in this group. This group of peptides similarly corresponded to Aβ ratios in those with AD. Eventually, IASNTQSR, VAELEDEK, and VVSSIEQK were significantly associated with CDR, ADAS-11, and ADAS-13, particularly in MCI group. Conclusion Our research suggests potential early diagnostic and prognostic utilities for certain peptides extracted from CSF-targeted proteomics research. The ethical approval of ADNI is available at ClinicalTrials.gov with Identifier: NCT00106899.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Behzad
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Chemistery, University of Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Zirak
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Educational Science and Psychology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ghazal Hamidi Madani
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Iran
| | - Linda Baidoo
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Rezaei
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Karbasi
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sadeghi
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahan Shafie
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Mayeli
- NeuroTRACT Association, Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Llano DA, Devanarayan P, Devanarayan V. CSF peptides from VGF and other markers enhance prediction of MCI to AD progression using the ATN framework. Neurobiol Aging 2023; 121:15-27. [PMID: 36368195 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2022.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid beta, tau, neurodegenerative markers framework has been proposed to serve as a system to classify and combine biomarkers for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Although cerebrospinal (CSF) fluid AT (amyloid beta and tau)-based biomarkers have a well-established track record to distinguish AD from control subjects and to predict conversion from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD, there is not an established non-tau based neurodegenerative ("N") marker from CSF. Here, we examine the ability of several candidate peptides in the CSF to serve as "N" markers to both classify disease state and predict MCI to AD conversion. We observed that although many putative N markers involved in synaptic processing and neuroinflammation were able to, when examined in isolation, distinguish MCI converters from non-converters, a derivative from VGF, when combined with AT markers, most strongly enhanced prediction of MCI to AD conversion. Low CSF VGF levels were also predictive of MCI to dementia conversion in the setting of normal AT markers, suggesting that it may serve as a very early predictor of dementia conversion. Other markers derived from neuronal pentraxin 2, GAP-43 and a 14-3-3 protein were also able to enhance MCI to AD prediction when used as a marker of neurodegeneration, but VGF had the highest predictive capacity. Thus, we propose that low levels of VGF in CSF may serve as "N" in the amyloid beta, tau, neurodegenerative markers framework to enhance the prediction of MCI to AD conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Llano
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, IL, USA; Carle Neuroscience Institute, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Priya Devanarayan
- Department of Biology and Schreyer Honors College, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Viswanath Devanarayan
- Eisai, Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA; Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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14
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Widjaya MA, Cheng YJ, Kuo YM, Liu CH, Cheng WC, Lee SD. Transcriptomic Analyses of Exercise Training in Alzheimer's Disease Cerebral Cortex. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 93:349-363. [PMID: 36970901 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research reported exercise could reduce Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms in human and animals. However, the molecular mechanism of exercise training via transcriptomic analysis was unclear especially in AD in the cortex area. OBJECTIVE Investigate potential significant pathways in the cortex area that were affected by exercise during AD. METHODS RNA-seq analysis, differential expressed genes, functional enrichment analysis, and GSOAP clustering analysis were performed in the isolated cerebral cortex from eight 3xTg AD mice (12 weeks old) randomly and equally divided into control (AD) and exercise training (AD-EX) group. Swimming exercise training in AD-EX group was conducted 30 min/day for 1 month. RESULTS There were 412 genes significant differentially expressed in AD-EX group compared to AD group. Top 10 upregulated genes in AD-EX group against AD group mostly correlated with neuroinflammation, while top 10 downregulated genes mostly had connection with vascularization, membrane transport, learning memory, and chemokine signal. Pathway analysis revealed the upregulated interferon alpha beta signaling in AD-EX had association with cytokines delivery in microglia cells compared to AD and top 10 upregulated genes involved in interferon alpha beta were Usp18, Isg15, Mx1, Mx2, Stat1, Oas1a, and Irf9; The downregulated extracellular matrix organization in AD-EX had correlation with Aβ and neuron cells interaction and Vtn was one of the top 10 downregulated genes involved in this pathway. CONCLUSION Exercise training influenced 3xTg mice cortex through interferon alpha beta signaling upregulation and extracellular matrix organization downregulation based on transcriptomics analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anekson Widjaya
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jung Cheng
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Min Kuo
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Liu
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chung Cheng
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program for Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, China Medical University and Academia Sinica, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Da Lee
- Department of Physical Therapy, Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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15
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Mi L, Fan M, Liu T, Wu D, Wang Y, Li F, Cai Y, Qiu Z, Liu D, Cao L. Ginsenoside Rd protects transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans from β-amyloid toxicity by activating oxidative resistant. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1074397. [PMID: 36588689 PMCID: PMC9797510 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1074397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious public health issue but few drugs are currently available for the disease, and these only target the symptoms. It is well established that oxidative stress plays a crucial role in AD, and there is compelling evidence linking oxidative stress to β-amyloid (Aβ). An exciting source of potential new AD therapeutic medication possibilities is medicinal plants. Ginsenoside Rd (GS-Rd) is one of the main bioactive substances in ginseng extracts. In our study, we used a network pharmacology analysis to identify overlapping GS-Rd (therapeutic) and AD (disease)-relevant protein targets, gene ontology (GO) and bio-process annotation, and the KEGG pathway analysis data predicted that GS-Rd impacts multiple targets and pathways, such as the MAPK signal pathway and the JAT-STAT3 signaling pathway. We then assessed the role of GS-Rd in C. elegans and found that GS-Rd prolongs lifespan, improves resistance to heat stress, delays physical paralysis and increases oxidative stress responses. Overall, these results suggest that GS-Rd protects against the toxicity of Aβ. The RNA-seq analysis revealed that GS-Rd achieves its effects by regulating gene expressions like daf-16 and skn-1, as well as by participating in many AD-related pathways like the MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, in CL4176 worms, GS-Rd decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and increased SOD activity. Additional research with transgenic worms showed that GS-Rd aided in the movement of DAF-16 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Taken together, the results indicate that GS-Rd significantly reduces Aβ aggregation by targeting the MAPK signal pathway, induces nuclear translocation of DAF-16 to activate downstream signaling pathways and increases resistance to oxidative stress in C. elegans to protect against Aβ-induced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihan Mi
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Meiling Fan
- Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tianjia Liu
- Scientific Research Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Donglu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,School of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Fuqiang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Lingling Cao, ; Da Liu, ; Zhidong Qiu,
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Lingling Cao, ; Da Liu, ; Zhidong Qiu,
| | - Lingling Cao
- Key Laboratory of Effective Components of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,School of Clinical Medical, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China,*Correspondence: Lingling Cao, ; Da Liu, ; Zhidong Qiu,
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16
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Zhao Y, Xie YZ, Liu YS. Accelerated aging-related transcriptome alterations in neurovascular unit cells in the brain of Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:949074. [PMID: 36062157 PMCID: PMC9435434 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.949074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia with no effective therapies. Aging is a dominant risk factor for AD. The neurovascular unit (NVU) plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis of the brain microenvironment. The accelerated aging of NVU cells may directly impair NVU function and contribute to AD pathogenesis. However, the expression patterns of aging-related genes (AGs) in NVU cells of AD remain unclear. In this study, we performed single-nucleus transcriptome analysis of 61,768 nuclei from prefrontal cortical samples of patients with AD and normal control (NC) subjects. Eight main cell types were identified, including astrocytes, microglia, excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, pericytes, and endothelial cells. Transcriptomic analysis identified the expression patterns of AGs in NVU cells of AD. Gene set enrichment analysis confirmed the key aging-associated cellular pathways enriched in microglia and oligodendrocytes. These aging-related transcriptomic changes in NVU were cross-validated using bulk transcriptome data. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression method was used to select the crucial AGs most associated with AD: IGF1R, MXI1, RB1, PPARA, NFE2L2, STAT5B, FOS, PRKCD, YWHAZ, HTT, MAPK9, HSPA9, SDHC, PRKDC, and PDPK1. This 15-gene model performed well in discriminating AD from NC samples. Among them, IGF1R, MXI1, PPARA, YWHAZ, and MAPK9 strongly correlated with pathologic progression in AD, were identified as critical regulators of AD. Although most AGs showed similar trends of expression changes in different types of NVU cells in AD, certain AGs were expressed in a cell-specific manner. Our comprehensive analysis of brain NVU from patients with AD reveals previously unknown molecular changes associated with aging that may underlie the functional dysregulation of NVU, providing important insights for exploring potential cell-specific therapeutic targets to restore brain homeostasis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Xie
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Institute of Aging and Age-Related Disease Research, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: You-Shuo Liu,
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17
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Lagisetty Y, Bourquard T, Al-Ramahi I, Mangleburg CG, Mota S, Soleimani S, Shulman JM, Botas J, Lee K, Lichtarge O. Identification of risk genes for Alzheimer's disease by gene embedding. CELL GENOMICS 2022; 2:100162. [PMID: 36268052 PMCID: PMC9581494 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most disease-gene association methods do not account for gene-gene interactions, even though these play a crucial role in complex, polygenic diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). To discover new genes whose interactions may contribute to pathology, we introduce GeneEMBED. This approach compares the functional perturbations induced in gene interaction network neighborhoods by coding variants from disease versus healthy subjects. In two independent AD cohorts of 5,169 exomes and 969 genomes, GeneEMBED identified novel candidates. These genes were differentially expressed in post mortem AD brains and modulated neurological phenotypes in mice. Four that were differentially overexpressed and modified neurodegeneration in vivo are PLEC, UTRN, TP53, and POLD1. Notably, TP53 and POLD1 are involved in DNA break repair and inhibited by approved drugs. While these data show proof of concept in AD, GeneEMBED is a general approach that should be broadly applicable to identify genes relevant to risk mechanisms and therapy of other complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashwanth Lagisetty
- Department of Biology and Pharmacology, UTHealth McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Thomas Bourquard
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ismael Al-Ramahi
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Center for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carl Grant Mangleburg
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Samantha Mota
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shirin Soleimani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Joshua M. Shulman
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Center for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Juan Botas
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Center for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kwanghyuk Lee
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Olivier Lichtarge
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Center for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Computational and Integrative Biomedical Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA,Corresponding author
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18
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Jester H, Gosrani S, Ding H, Zhou X, Ko MC, Ma T. Characterization of Early Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathological Alterations in Non-Human Primates with Aging: A Pilot Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:957-970. [PMID: 35723096 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sporadic or late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease with aging the most known risk factor. Non-human primates (NHPs) may serve as an excellent model to study LOAD because of their close similarity to humans in many aspects including neuroanatomy and neurodevelopment. Recent studies reveal AD-like pathology in old NHPs. OBJECTIVE In this pilot study, we took advantage of brain samples from 6 Cynomolgus macaques that were divided into two groups: middle aged (average age 14.81 years) and older (average age 19.33 years). We investigated whether AD-like brain pathologies are present in the NHPs. METHODS We used immunohistochemical method to examine brain Aβ pathology and neuron density. We applied biochemical assays to measure tau phosphorylation and multiple signaling pathways indicated in AD. We performed electron microscopy experiments to study alterations of postsynaptic density and mitochondrial morphology in the brain of NHPs. RESULTS We found multiple AD-like pathological alteration in the prefrontal cortex (but not in the hippocampus) of the older NHPs including tau hyperphosphorylation, increased activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), decreased expression of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), impairments in mitochondrial morphology, and postsynaptic densities formation. CONCLUSION These findings may provide insights into the factors contributing to the development of LOAD, particularly during the early stage transitioning from middle to old age. Future endeavors are warranted to elucidate mechanisms underlying the regional (and perhaps cellular) vulnerability with aging and the functional correlation of such pathological changes in NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Jester
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Saahj Gosrani
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Huiping Ding
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Xueyan Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Mei-Chuan Ko
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Tao Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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19
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Hamdy NM, Shaker FH, Zhan X, Basalious EB. Tangled quest of post-COVID-19 infection-caused neuropathology and what 3P nano-bio-medicine can solve? EPMA J 2022; 13:261-284. [PMID: 35668839 PMCID: PMC9160520 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-022-00285-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19-caused neurological problems are the important post-CoV-2 infection complications, which are recorded in ~ 40% of critically ill COVID-19 patients. Neurodegeneration (ND) is one of the most serious complications. It is necessary to understand its molecular mechanism(s), define research gaps to direct research to, hopefully, design new treatment modalities, for predictive diagnosis, patient stratification, targeted prevention, prognostic assessment, and personalized medical services for this type of complication. Individualized nano-bio-medicine combines nano-medicine (NM) with clinical and molecular biomarkers based on omics data to improve during- and post-illness management or post-infection prognosis, in addition to personalized dosage profiling and drug selection for maximum treatment efficacy, safety with least side-effects. This review will enumerate proteins, receptors, and enzymes involved in CoV-2 entrance into the central nervous system (CNS) via the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and list the repercussions after that entry, ranging from neuroinflammation to neurological symptoms disruption mechanism. Moreover, molecular mechanisms that mediate the host effect or viral detrimental effect on the host are discussed here, including autophagy, non-coding RNAs, inflammasome, and other molecular mechanisms of CoV-2 infection neuro-affection that are defined here as hallmarks of neuropathology related to COVID-19 infection. Thus, a couple of questions are raised; for example, “What are the hallmarks of neurodegeneration during COVID-19 infection?” and “Are epigenetics promising solution against post-COVID-19 neurodegeneration?” In addition, nano-formulas might be a better novel treatment for COVID-19 neurological complications, which raises one more question, “What are the challenges of nano-bio-based nanocarriers pre- or post-COVID-19 infection?” especially in the light of omics-based changes/challenges, research, and clinical practice in the framework of predictive preventive personalized medicine (PPPM / 3P medicine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia M Hamdy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Fatma H Shaker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, 6699 Qingdao Road, Jinan, Shandong 250117 People's Republic of China.,Gastroenterology Research Institute and Clinical Center, Shandong First Medical University, 38 Wuying Shan Road, Jinan, Shandong 250031 People's Republic of China
| | - Emad B Basalious
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Al Kasr AlAiny, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
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20
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Helaly HA, Badawy M, Haikal AY. Toward deep MRI segmentation for Alzheimer’s disease detection. Neural Comput Appl 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00521-021-06430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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A transcriptome-wide association study of Alzheimer's disease using prediction models of relevant tissues identifies novel candidate susceptibility genes. Genome Med 2021; 13:141. [PMID: 34470669 PMCID: PMC8408990 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-00959-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 56 susceptibility loci associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the genes responsible for these associations remain largely unknown. METHODS We performed a large transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) leveraging modified UTMOST (Unified Test for MOlecular SignaTures) prediction models of ten brain tissues that are potentially related to AD to discover novel AD genetic loci and putative target genes in 71,880 (proxy) cases and 383,378 (proxy) controls of European ancestry. RESULTS We identified 53 genes with predicted expression associations with AD risk at Bonferroni correction threshold (P value < 3.38 × 10-6). Based on fine-mapping analyses, 21 genes at nine loci showed strong support for being causal. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new insights into the etiology and underlying genetic architecture of AD.
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22
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He J, Ren Z, Xia W, Zhou C, Bi B, Yu W, Zuo L. Identification of key genes and crucial pathways for major depressive disorder using peripheral blood samples and chronic unpredictable mild stress rat models. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11694. [PMID: 34414022 PMCID: PMC8344689 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accurate diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) remains difficult, and one of the key challenges in diagnosing MDD is the lack of reliable diagnostic biomarkers. The objective of this study was to explore gene networks and identify potential biomarkers for MDD. METHODS In the present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the mRNA expression profiles using blood samples of four patients with MDD and four controls by RNA sequencing. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened, and functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. All DEGs were inputted to the STRING database to build a PPI network, and the top 10 hub genes were screened using the cytoHubba plugin of the Cytoscape software. The relative expression of 10 key genes was identified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of blood samples from 50 MDD patients and 50 controls. Plasma levels of SQSTM1 and TNFα were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in blood samples of 44 MDD patients and 44 controls. A sucrose preference test was used to evaluate depression-like behavior in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model rats. Immunofluorescence assay and western blotting were performed to study the expression of proteins in the brain samples of CUMS model rats. RESULTS We identified 247 DEGs that were closely associated with MDD. Gene ontology analyses suggested that the DEGs were mainly enriched in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II promoter, cytoplasm, and protein binding. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis suggested that the DEGs were significantly enriched in the MAPK signaling pathway. Ten hub genes were screened through the PPI network, and qRT-PCR assay revealed that one and six genes were downregulated and upregulated, respectively; however, SMARCA2, PPP3CB, and RAB5C were not detected. Pathway enrichment analysis for the 10 genes showed that the mTOR signaling pathway was also enriched. A strong positive correlation was observed between SQSTM1 and TNFα protein levels in patients with MDD. LC3 II and SQSTM1 protein levels were increased in the CUMS rat model; however, p-mTOR protein levels were decreased. The sucrose preference values decreased in the CUMS rat model. CONCLUSIONS We identified 247 DEGs and constructed an MDD-specific network; thereafter, 10 hub genes were selected for further analysis. Our results provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of MDD. Moreover, SQSTM1, which is related to autophagy and inflammatory reactions, may play a key role in MDD. SQSTM1 may be used as a promising therapeutic target in MDD; additionally, more molecular mechanisms have been suggested that should be focused on in future in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhenkui Ren
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wansong Xia
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Cao Zhou
- Psychosomatic Department, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Bi
- Psychosomatic Department, The Second People’s Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenfeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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23
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Li QS, De Muynck L. Differentially expressed genes in Alzheimer's disease highlighting the roles of microglia genes including OLR1 and astrocyte gene CDK2AP1. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 13:100227. [PMID: 34589742 PMCID: PMC8474442 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with abnormal tau and amyloid-β accumulation in the brain, leading to neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil threads and extracellular amyloid-β plaques. Treatment is limited to symptom management, a disease-modifying therapy is not available. To advance search of therapy approaches, there is a continued need to identify targets for disease intervention both by confirming existing hypotheses and generating new hypotheses. METHODS We conducted a mRNA-seq study to identify genes associated with AD in post-mortem brain samples from the superior temporal gyrus (STG, n = 76), and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, n = 65) brain regions. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified correcting for gender and surrogate variables to capture hidden variation not accounted for by pre-planned covariates. The results from this study were compared with the transcriptome studies from the Accelerated Medicine Partnership - Alzheimer's Disease (AMP-AD) initiative. Over-representation and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to identify disease-associated pathways. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analyses were carried out and co-expressed gene modules and their hub genes were identified and associated with additional phenotypic traits of interest. RESULTS Several hundred mRNAs were differentially expressed between AD cases and cognitively normal controls in the STG, while no and few transcripts met the same criteria (adjusted p less than 0.05 and fold change greater than 1.2) in the IFG. The findings were consistent at the gene set level with two out of three cohorts from AMP-AD. PPI analysis suggested that the DEGs were enriched in protein-protein interactions than expected by random chance. Over-representation and GSEA analysis suggested genes playing roles in neuroinflammation, amyloid-β, autophagy and trafficking being important for the AD disease process. At the gene level, 10 genes from the STG that were consistently differentially expressed in this study and in the MSBB study (one of the three cohorts within the AMP-AD initiative) were enriched in microglial genes (TREM2, C3AR1, ITGAX, OLR1, CD74, and HLA-DRA), but also included genes with a broader cell type expression pattern such as CDK2AP1. Among the DEGs with supporting evidence from an independent study, CDK2AP1 (most abundantly expressed in astrocyte) was the transcript with strongest association with antemortem cognitive measure (last Mini-Mental State Examination score) and neurofibril tangle burden but also associated with amyloid plaque burden, while OLR1 was the transcript with strongest association with amyloid plaque burden. GSEA and over-representation analyses revealed gene sets related to immune processes including neutrophil degranulation, interleukin 10 signaling, and interferon gamma signaling, complement and coagulation cascades, phosphatidylinositol signaling system, phagosome and neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission were enriched from this study and replicated in an independent study. CONCLUSION This study identified differential gene sets, common with two out of three AMP-AD cohorts (ROSMAP and MSBB) and highlights microglia and astrocyte as the key cell-types with DGEs associated with AD clinical diagnosis, and/or antemortem cognitive measure as well as neuropathological indices. Future meta-analysis and causal inferential analysis will be helpful in pinpointing the most relevant pathways and genes to intervene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqin S. Li
- Neuroscience Department, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, 1125 Trenton-Harbourton Road, Titusville, NJ, 08560, USA
| | - Louis De Muynck
- Neuroscience Department, Janssen Research & Development, a Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, 2340, Beerse, Belgium
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24
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Kumar R, Al-Turjman F, Anand L, Kumar A, Magesh S, Vengatesan K, Sitharthan R, Rajesh M. Genomic sequence analysis of lung infections using artificial intelligence technique. Interdiscip Sci 2021; 13:192-200. [PMID: 33558984 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-020-00414-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Attributable to the modernization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) procedures in healthcare services, various developments including Support Vector Machine (SVM), and profound learning. For example, Convolutional Neural systems (CNN) have prevalently engaged in a significant job of various classificational investigation in lung malignant growth, and different infections. In this paper, Parallel based SVM (P-SVM) and IoT has been utilized to examine the ideal order of lung infections caused by genomic sequence. The proposed method develops a new methodology to locate the ideal characterization of lung sicknesses and determine its growth in its early stages, to control the growth and prevent lung sickness. Further, in the investigation, the P-SVM calculation has been created for arranging high-dimensional distinctive lung ailment datasets. The data used in the assessment has been fetched from real-time data through cloud and IoT. The acquired outcome demonstrates that the developed P-SVM calculation has 83% higher accuracy and 88% precision in characterization with ideal informational collections when contrasted with other learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kumar
- Department of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Chumkedima, Dimapur, Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - Fadi Al-Turjman
- Research Centre for AI and IoT, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - L Anand
- School Computing Science and Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- School of Computer science and IT, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Banglore, Karnataka, India
| | - S Magesh
- Maruthi Technocrat E Services, Chennai, India
| | - K Vengatesan
- Department of Computer Science, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, India
| | - R Sitharthan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology and Science, Vellore, 632014, India.
| | - M Rajesh
- Department of Computer Science, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon, India
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25
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Vavougios GD. SARS-CoV-2 dysregulation of PTBP1 and YWHAE/Z gene expression: A primer of neurodegeneration. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110212. [PMID: 33254518 PMCID: PMC7448818 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 neurotropism has been increasingly recognized by its imaging and syndromic manifestations in the literature. The purpose of this report is to explore the limited yet salient current evidence that SARS-CoV-2′s host genomic targets PTBP1 and the 14-3-3 protein isoform encoding genes YWHAE and YWHAZ may be hold the key to understanding how neurotropism triggers neurodegeneration and how it may contribute to the onset of neurodegenerative disease. Considering that PTBP1 silencing in particular has recently been shown to reverse clinical parkinsonism and induce neurogenesis, as well as the known interactions of PTBP1 and YWHAE/Z with coronaviruses – most notably 14-3-3 and SARS-CoV, recent studies reinvigorate the infectious etiology hypotheses on major neurodegenerative disease such as AD and iPD. Considering that human coronaviruses with definite neurotropism have been shown to achieve long-term latency within the mammalian CNS as a result of specific accommodating mutations, the corroboration of genomic-level evidence with neuroimaging has vast potential implications for neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- George D Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Athens Naval Hospital, P.C. 115 21, Athens, Greece; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, P.C. 41500 Larissa, Greece; Department of Computer Science and Telecommunications, University of Thessaly, Papasiopoulou 2 - 4, P.C. 35 131 - Galaneika, Lamia, Greece.
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26
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Karthiyayini R, Shenbagavadivu N. Retinal Image Analysis for Ocular Disease Prediction Using Rule Mining Algorithms. Interdiscip Sci 2020; 13:451-462. [PMID: 32514844 DOI: 10.1007/s12539-020-00373-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Medical image processing is now gaining a significant momentum in clinical situation to undertake diagnosis of different anatomical defects. However, with regard to eye diseases, there is no such well-defined image processing technique in medical image analysis. The scope of this study is to automate computer analysis of ocular disease-related retinal images, which may ease the job of ophthalmologists to rule out the diseased condition. In this present work, eye images are subjected for developing a reliable tool for processing the eye retinal fundus images. The primary objective is to effectively probe retinal image data for providing a holistic approach in automatic fundus disease detection and screening to help clinicians in addition with a developed reliable image processing technique combined with a rule-based clustering method for automatic analysis of fundus images in a reduced time frame. More than 400 eye images available in online are examined. The images were preprocessed by grayscale conversion, retinal segmentation, ROI and crop ROI, image resizing, and extraction in RGB channels. Then these images were segmented by NRR from RGB channels, centroids of rows and columns, and NRR to binary image conversion. Then extraction of features like cup to disc area, optic cup area, and NRR calculations prior to measuring ISNT. A unique algorithm named as EARMAM was introduced for the prediction of diseased image from healthy eye image pool is envisaged in this paper. The functional significance of the EARMAM algorithm was compared with other common classification algorithm of current practice such as SVM, naïve Bayes, random forest, and SMO. The results of confusion matrix have shown that there was 93% prediction accuracy which was higher than the predictive values of other algorithms. The above results are discussed with future improvement and application in clinical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Karthiyayini
- Department of Computer Applications, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - N Shenbagavadivu
- Department of Computer Applications, BIT Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
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