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Popov S, Paderin N, Chistiakova E, Sokolova A, Konyshev IV, Belozerov VS, Byvalov AA. Swelling, Protein Adsorption, and Biocompatibility of Pectin-Chitosan Hydrogels. Gels 2024; 10:472. [PMID: 39057495 PMCID: PMC11275652 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aims to determine how chitosan impacts pectin hydrogel's ability to attach peritoneal leukocytes, activate complement, induce hemolysis, and adsorb blood proteins. The hydrogels PEC-Chi0, PEC-Chi25, PEC-Chi50, and PEC-Chi75 were prepared by placing a mixture solution of 4% pectin and 4% chitosan in a ratio of 4:0, 3:1, 2:2, and 1:3 in a solution of 1.0 M CaCl2. Chitosan was found to modify the mechanical properties of pectin-calcium hydrogels, such as hardness and cohesiveness-to-adhesiveness ratio. Chitosan in the pectin-calcium hydrogel caused pH-sensitive swelling in Hanks' solution. The PEC-Chi75 hydrogel was shown to adsorb serum proteins at pH 7.4 to a greater extent than other hydrogels. PEC-Chi75's strong adsorption capacity was related to lower peritoneal leukocyte adherence to its surface when compared to other hydrogels, showing improved biocompatibility. Using the optical tweezers approach, it was shown that the force of interaction between pectin-chitosan hydrogels and plasma proteins increased from 10 to 24 pN with increasing chitosan content from 0 to 75%. Thus, the properties of pectin-calcium hydrogel, which determine interactions with body tissues after implantation, are improved by the addition of chitosan, making pectin-chitosan hydrogel a promising candidate for smart biomaterial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Popov
- Institute of Physiology of Federal Research Centre “Komi Science Centre of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, 50 Pervomaiskaya Str., 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia; (N.P.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (I.V.K.); (V.S.B.); (A.A.B.)
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Influence of Single Deuterium Replacement on Frequency of Hydrogen Bond Dissociation in IFNA17 under the Highest Critical Energy Range. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415487. [PMID: 36555136 PMCID: PMC9778762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of single substitutions of protium for deuterium in hydrogen bonds between pairs of nitrogenous bases on the open states occurrence probability at high critical breaking energies of these bonds has been studied. The study was carried out using numerical methods based on the angular mathematical model of DNA. The IFNA17 gene was divided into three approximately equal parts. A comparison of the open states occurrence probability in these parts of the gene was done. To improve the accuracy of the results, a special data processing algorithm was developed. The developed methods have shown their suitability for taking into account the occurrence of open states in the entire range of high critical energies. It has been established that single 2H/1H substitutions in certain nitrogenous bases can be a mechanism for maintaining the vital activity of IFNA17 under critical conditions. In general, the developed method of the mathematical modeling provide unprecedented insight into the DNA behavior under the highest critical energy range, which greatly expands scientific understanding of nucleobases interaction.
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Dzhimak S, Svidlov A, Elkina A, Gerasimenko E, Baryshev M, Drobotenko M. Genesis of Open States Zones in a DNA Molecule Depends on the Localization and Value of the Torque. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084428. [PMID: 35457247 PMCID: PMC9025193 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation and dynamics of the open states in a double-stranded DNA molecule are largely determined by its mechanical parameters. The main one is the torque. However, the experimental study of DNA dynamics and the occurrence of open states is limited by the spatial resolution of available biophysical instruments. Therefore, in this work, on the basis of a mechanical mathematical model of DNA, calculations of the torque effect on the process of occurrence and dynamics of open states were carried out for the interferon alpha 17 gene. It was shown that torsion action leads to the occurrence of rotational movements of nitrogenous bases. This influence is nonlinear, and an increase in the amplitude of the torsion action does not lead to an automatic increase in the amplitude of rotational movements and an increase in the zones’ open states. Calculations with a constant torsion moment demonstrate that open states zones are more often formed at the boundaries of the gen and in regions with a predominance of A–T pairs. It is shown, that for the occurrence of open states in the part of the gene that contains a small number of A–T pairs, a large amount of torque is required. When the torque is applied to a certain region of the gene, the probability of the formation of the open state depends on the content of A–T pairs in this region, the size of this region, and on the exposure time. For this mathematical model, open states zones can be closed when the torsion action stops. The simulation results showed that the values of the torsion moment required for the appearance of open states zones, in some cases, are close to experimentally measured (13–15 pN·nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepan Dzhimak
- Department of Radiophysics and Nanothechnology, Physics Faculty, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.S.); (A.E.); (M.B.); (M.D.)
- Laboratory of Problems of Stable Isotope Spreading in Living Systems, Federal Research Center the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-905-408-36-12
| | - Alexandr Svidlov
- Department of Radiophysics and Nanothechnology, Physics Faculty, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.S.); (A.E.); (M.B.); (M.D.)
- Laboratory of Problems of Stable Isotope Spreading in Living Systems, Federal Research Center the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Anna Elkina
- Department of Radiophysics and Nanothechnology, Physics Faculty, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.S.); (A.E.); (M.B.); (M.D.)
- Laboratory of Problems of Stable Isotope Spreading in Living Systems, Federal Research Center the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Eugeny Gerasimenko
- Department of Technology of Fats, Cosmetics, Commodity Science, Processes and Devices, Kuban State Technological University, 350072 Krasnodar, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Baryshev
- Department of Radiophysics and Nanothechnology, Physics Faculty, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.S.); (A.E.); (M.B.); (M.D.)
- Laboratory of Problems of Stable Isotope Spreading in Living Systems, Federal Research Center the Southern Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 344006 Rostov-on-Don, Russia
- Department of Technology of Fats, Cosmetics, Commodity Science, Processes and Devices, Kuban State Technological University, 350072 Krasnodar, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Drobotenko
- Department of Radiophysics and Nanothechnology, Physics Faculty, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia; (A.S.); (A.E.); (M.B.); (M.D.)
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